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Second Luther Cabinet
The Second Luther cabinet (German: ''Zweites Kabinett Luther'') was the 13th democratically elected ''Reichsregierung'' of the German Reich, during the period in which it is now usually referred to as the Weimar Republic. The cabinet was named after ''Reichskanzler'' (chancellor) Hans Luther and was in office for not quite four months. On 20 January 1926 it replaced the First Luther cabinet which had resigned on 5 December 1925. Luther resigned as chancellor on 13 May 1926. His cabinet remained in office as a caretaker government until 17 May 1926, but was led by Otto Gessler in its final days. On 17 May, Wilhelm Marx formed a new government, virtually unchanged from the second Luther cabinet except for the departure of Luther. Establishment Talks over the formation of a new government began soon after the German National People's Party (DNVP) left the governing coalition in late October 1925, protesting the Locarno treaties. On 5 November, representatives of Zentrum, German D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1969-008A-07, Hans Luther
The German Federal Archives or Bundesarchiv (BArch) (german: Bundesarchiv) are the National Archives of Germany. They were established at the current location in Koblenz in 1952. They are subordinated to the Federal Commissioner for Culture and the Media (Claudia Roth since 2021) under the German Chancellery, and before 1998, to the Federal Ministry of the Interior (Germany), Federal Ministry of the Interior. On 6 December 2008, the Archives donated 100,000 photos to the public, by making them accessible via Wikimedia Commons. History The federal archive for institutions and authorities in Germany, the first precursor to the present-day Federal Archives, was established in Potsdam, Brandenburg in 1919, a later date than in other European countries. This national archive documented German government dating from the founding of the North German Confederation in 1867. It also included material from the older German Confederation and the Imperial Chamber Court. The oldest documents i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reichstag (Weimar Republic)
The Reichstag of the Weimar Republic (1919–1933) was the lower house of Germany's parliament; the upper house was the Reichsrat, which represented the states. The Reichstag convened for the first time on 24 June 1920, taking over from the Weimar National Assembly, which had served as an interim parliament following the collapse of the German Empire in November 1918. Under the Weimar Constitution of 1919, the Reichstag was elected every four years by universal, equal, secret and direct suffrage, using a system of party-list proportional representation. All citizens who had reached the age of 20 were allowed to vote, including women for the first time, but excluding soldiers on active duty. The Reichstag voted on the laws of the Reich and was responsible for the budget, questions of war and peace, and confirmation of state treaties. Oversight of the Reich government (the ministers responsible for executing the laws) also resided with the Reichstag. It could force individual mi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rudolf Krohne
Rudolf Krohne (1876–1953) was a German jurist and politician who was a member of the German People's Party and served as transport minister between 1925 and 1927. Biography Krohne was born on 6 September 1876 in Rendsburg. In 1898 he received a PhD in law and began to work in the judicial system of Prussia. From 1917 he worked at the Prussian ministry for public works. He was a member of the German People's Party. He was transport minister between 30 November 1923 and 3 June 1924 in the cabinet led by Wilhelm Marx. On 26 October 1925 Krohne was named as economics minister to the first cabinet of Hans Luther, replacing Albert Neuhaus in the post. Krohne served in the post until December 1925. The same year he was also appointed transport minister which he held until 1927 when he resigned from the post. He served in the first and second cabinet of Hans Luther and in the third cabinet of Wilhelm Marx Wilhelm Marx (15 January 1863 – 5 August 1946) was a German lawyer, Cathol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reichsministerium Für Verkehr
The Reich Ministry of Transport (german: Reichsverkehrsministerium or ''RVM'') was a cabinet-level agency of the German government from 1919 until 1945, operating during the Weimar Republic and Nazi Germany. Formed from the Prussian Ministry of Public Works after the end of World War I, the ''RVM'' was in charge of regulating German railways, roadways, waterways, and the construction industry - a kind of infrastructure agency in today's understanding. In the 1920s, the Ministry's involvement in the rail sector was limited to administrative and technical supervisory functions. The National Railway (''Deutsche Reichsbahn'') was initially organized as an independent state-owned company to guarantee that Germany paid war reparations according to the provisions of the 1924 Dawes Plan. Under Nazi control, the Transport Ministry expanded exponentially. The ''Reichsbahn'', which had become Germany's largest public asset and also the largest such enterprise in the capitalist world at the tim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heinrich Brauns
Heinrich Brauns (3 January 1868 – 19 October 1939) was a German politician and Roman Catholic theologian, who for the German Center Party was a long-serving Minister of Labour of the Weimar Republic from 1920 to 1928. Serving in a total of 13 cabinets, Brauns was a major influence on social policy in the period of German history. Early life Heinrich Brauns was born on 3 January 1868 in Cologne, in what was then the Kingdom of Prussia. He was the only child of Johann Brauns (1838–1919), a tailor and his wife Anna Catharina (1838–1901), née Creveld. He attended the ''Apostelgymnasium'' at Cologne, where he made his '' Abitur'' in 1886. He studied theology and philosophy at the University of Bonn and then attended a seminary at Cologne. In 1890, he was ordained as a priest and became a chaplain at Krefeld. In 1895, he became a vicar in Borbeck near Essen. He worked in pastoral care until in 1900 he became head of the organisation department and economics teaching at the ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gustav Stresemann
Gustav Ernst Stresemann (; 10 May 1878 – 3 October 1929) was a German statesman who served as chancellor in 1923 (for 102 days) and as foreign minister from 1923 to 1929, during the Weimar Republic. His most notable achievement was the reconciliation between Germany and France, for which he and French Prime Minister Aristide Briand received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1926. During a period of political instability and fragile, short-lived governments, he was the most influential cabinet member in most of the Weimar Republic's existence. During his political career, he represented three successive liberal parties; he was the dominant figure of the German People's Party during the Weimar Republic. Early years Stresemann was born on 10 May 1878 in 66 Köpenicker Straße in Southeast Berlin, the youngest of seven children. His father worked as a beer bottler and distributor, and also ran a small bar out of the family home, as well as renting rooms for extra money. The family was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Auswärtiges Amt
, logo = DEgov-AA-Logo en.svg , logo_width = 260 px , image = Auswaertiges Amt Berlin Eingang.jpg , picture_width = 300px , image_caption = Entrance to the Foreign Office building , headquarters = Werderscher Markt 110117 Berlin , formed = , jurisdiction = Government of Germany , employees = 11,652 Foreign Service staff5,622 local employees , budget = €6.302 billion (2021) , minister1_name = Annalena Baerbock , minister1_pfo = Federal Minister for Foreign Affairs , chief1_name = Anna Lührmann , chief1_position = Minister of State for Europe at the Foreign Office , chief2_name = Katja Keul , chief2_position = Minister of State at the Foreign Office , chief3_name = Tobias Lindner , chief3_position = Minister of State at the Foreign Office , website = The Federal Foreign Office (german: Auswärtiges Amt, ), abbreviated AA, is the foreign ministry of the Federal Republic of Germany, a federal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Chancellor
The chancellor of Germany, officially the federal chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany,; often shortened to ''Bundeskanzler''/''Bundeskanzlerin'', / is the head of the federal government of Germany and the commander in chief of the German Armed Forces during State of defence, wartime. The chancellor is the chief executive of the Federal Cabinet and heads the executive branch. The chancellor is elected by the Bundestag on the proposal of the President of Germany, federal president and without debate (Article 63 of the German Constitution). The current officeholder is Olaf Scholz of the Social Democratic Party of Germany, SPD, who was elected in December 2021, succeeding Angela Merkel. He was elected after the SPD entered into a Scholz cabinet, coalition agreement with Alliance 90/The Greens and the Free Democratic Party (Germany), FDP. History of the office The office of Chancellor has a long history, stemming back to the Holy Roman Empire, when the office of German ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Regierungsbezirk
A ' () means "governmental district" and is a type of administrative division in Germany. Four of sixteen ' ( states of Germany) are split into '. Beneath these are rural and urban districts. Saxony has ' (directorate districts) with more responsibilities shifted from the state parliament. The cities of Bremen, Hamburg and Berlin – the city states – have a different system. ' serve as regional mid-level local government units in four of Germany's sixteen federal states: Baden-Württemberg, Bavaria, Hesse and North Rhine-Westphalia. Each of the nineteen ' features a non-legislative governing body called a ' (governing presidium) or ' (district government) headed by a '' Regierungspräsident'' (governing president), concerned mostly with administrative decisions on a local level for districts within its jurisdiction. Translations ' is a German term variously translated into English as "governmental district", "administrative district" or "province",Shapiro, Henry ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Julius Curtius
Julius Curtius (7 February 1877 – 10 November 1948) was a German politician who served as Minister for Economic Affairs (from January 1926 to December 1929) and Foreign Minister of the Weimar Republic (from October/November 1929 to October 1931). Early life Julius Curtius was born on 7 February 1877 at Duisburg in what was then the Prussian Rhine Province. His father Friedrich (1850-1904) owned an ultramarine works at Duisburg and an alum works at . Friedrich's brother was Theodor Curtius, a professor of chemistry. Julius' mother was Adele (1824–98, née Brockhoff). Julius married Adda Carp (died 1950), sister of industrialist Werner Carp, in 1905. They had two sons and three daughters. Curtius studied law at Kiel, Strasbourg and Bonn and was awarded a doctorate at Berlin. In 1905, he started practicing law at Duisburg. After 1911, he began working on issues in the field of public policy (''Staatswissenschaften'') at Heidelberg. He served in the First World War, finishin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wilhelm Külz
Wilhelm Külz (18 February 1875 – 10 April 1948) was a German liberal politician of the National Liberal Party, the German Democratic Party (DDP) and later the Liberal Democratic Party of Germany (LDPD). He held public office both in the German Empire and in the Weimar Republic. In 1926, he served as interior minister of Germany in the cabinets of chancellors Hans Luther and Wilhelm Marx. Early life Külz was born on 18 February 1875 at Borna near Leipzig in the Kingdom of Saxony. He was the son of Otto Külz (1839–1921), a Protestant priest, and his wife Anna (1849–1914, née Paschasius). He had a sister, Käthe (1878–1924) and a twin brother, Ludwig (1875–1938). From a conservative family, Wilhelm studied law at the University of Leipzig. He then served in the military (as ''Reserveleutnant''). Külz married Erna Freymond (1881–1963) in 1901. They had one son, Helmut. Also in 1901, he was awarded a doctorate at the ''Staatswissenschaftliche Fakultät'' of the Un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unitary State
A unitary state is a sovereign state governed as a single entity in which the central government is the supreme authority. The central government may create (or abolish) administrative divisions (sub-national units). Such units exercise only the powers that the central government chooses to delegate. Although political power may be delegated through devolution to regional or local governments by statute, the central government may abrogate the acts of devolved governments or curtail (or expand) their powers. Unitary states stand in contrast with federations, also known as ''federal states''. A large majority of the world's sovereign states (166 of the 193 UN member states) have a unitary system of government. Devolution compared with federalism A unitary system of government can be considered the opposite of federalism. In federations, the provincial/regional governments share powers with the central government as equal actors through a written constitution, to which the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
