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Sea Pen
Sea pens are colonial marine cnidarians belonging to the order Pennatulacea. There are 14 families within the order; 35 extant genera, and it is estimated that of 450 described species, around 200 are valid. Sea pens have a cosmopolitan distribution, being found in tropical and temperate waters worldwide, as well as from the intertidal to depths of more than 6100 m. Sea pens are grouped with the octocorals, together with sea whips ('' gorgonians''). Although the group is named for its supposed resemblance to antique quill pens, only sea pen species belonging to the suborder Subselliflorae live up to the comparison. Those belonging to the much larger suborder Sessiliflorae lack feathery structures and grow in club-like or radiating forms. The latter suborder includes what are commonly known as sea pansies. The earliest accepted fossils are known from the Cambrian-aged Burgess Shale (''Thaumaptilon''). Similar fossils from the Ediacaran (ala ''Charnia'') may ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thaumaptilon
''Thaumaptilon'' is a fossil genus of animals from the middle Cambrian Burgess Shale which some authors have compared to members of the Ediacaran biota, generally believed to have disappeared at the start of the Cambrian, . It was up to 20 cm long, and attached itself to the sea floor with a holdfast. Leaf-shaped, ''Thaumaptilon'' had a central axis extending to its tip, with many "ribs" radiating from it, in a similar manner to the ribs of a leaf. These may have had canals connecting them to the axis. One side of its surface was covered in spots, which might have been zooids. ''Thaumaptilon'' is considered important due to its resemblance to some Ediacarans; it was believed to be a relative of forms such as ''Charnia''. Forms related to ''Charnia'' were once believed to be related to sea-pens (pennatulacean cnidarians), although this hypothesis has been questioned based on several lines of evidence. The name ''Thaumaptilon'' is said to be derived from the Greek ''thaum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ernst Haeckel
Ernst Heinrich Philipp August Haeckel (; 16 February 1834 – 9 August 1919) was a German zoologist, naturalist, eugenicist, philosopher, physician, professor, marine biologist and artist. He discovered, described and named thousands of new species, mapped a genealogical tree relating all life forms and coined many terms in biology, including ''ecology'', '' phylum'', ''phylogeny'', and ''Protista.'' Haeckel promoted and popularised Charles Darwin's work in Germany and developed the influential but no longer widely held recapitulation theory ("ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny") claiming that an individual organism's biological development, or ontogeny, parallels and summarises its species' evolutionary development, or phylogeny. The published artwork of Haeckel includes over 100 detailed, multi-colour illustrations of animals and sea creatures, collected in his ''Kunstformen der Natur'' ("Art Forms of Nature"), a book which would go on to influence the Art Nouveau artistic mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burgess Shale
The Burgess Shale is a fossil-bearing deposit exposed in the Canadian Rockies of British Columbia, Canada. It is famous for the exceptional preservation of the soft parts of its fossils. At old (middle Cambrian), it is one of the earliest fossil beds containing soft-part imprints. The rock unit is a black shale and crops out at a number of localities near the town of Field in Yoho National Park Yoho National Park ( ) is a National Parks of Canada, national park of Canada. It is located within the Canadian Rockies, Rocky Mountains along the western slope of the Continental Divide of the Americas in southeastern British Columbia, bordered ... and the Kicking Horse Pass. Another outcrop is in Kootenay National Park 42 km to the south. History and significance The Burgess Shale was discovered by palaeontologist Charles Doolittle Walcott, Charles Walcott on 30 August 1909, towards the end of the season's fieldwork. He returned in 1910 with his sons, daughter, and wif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protoptilidae
Protoptilidae is a family of corals Corals are marine invertebrates within the class (biology), class Anthozoa of the phylum Cnidaria. They typically form compact Colony (biology), colonies of many identical individual polyp (zoology), polyps. Coral species include the important C ... belonging to the order Pennatulacea. Genera: * '' Distichoptilum'' Verrill, 1882 * '' Protoptilum'' Kölliker, 1872 References Pennatulacea Cnidarian families {{Octocorallia-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kophobelemnidae
Kophobelemnidae is a family of corals Corals are marine invertebrates within the class (biology), class Anthozoa of the phylum Cnidaria. They typically form compact Colony (biology), colonies of many identical individual polyp (zoology), polyps. Coral species include the important C ... belonging to the order Pennatulacea. Genera: * '' Kophobelemnon'' Asbjørnsen, 1856 * '' Malacobelemnon'' Tixier-Durivault, 1965 * '' Sclerobelemnon'' Kölliker, 1872 References Pennatulacea Cnidarian families {{Octocorallia-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Funiculinidae
''Funiculana'' is a genus of sea pens. It is the only genus in the family Funiculinidae. It contains three species: *''Funiculina armata'' Verrill, 1879 *''Funiculina parkeri'' Kükenthal, 1909 *''Funiculina quadrangularis ''Funiculina quadrangularis,'' commonly known as tall sea pen, is an uncommon cold water coral within the Family Funiculinidae. It is named tall sea pen because it looks like a quill sticking in the bottom of the sea. It forms habitat for severa ...'' (Pallas, 1766) References Funiculinidae Octocorallia genera Bioluminescent cnidarians {{octocorallia-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anthoptilidae
Anthoptilidae is a family of corals Corals are marine invertebrates within the class (biology), class Anthozoa of the phylum Cnidaria. They typically form compact Colony (biology), colonies of many identical individual polyp (zoology), polyps. Coral species include the important C ... belonging to the order Pennatulacea. Genera: * '' Anthoptilum'' Kölliker, 1880 * '' Benthoptillum'' Verrill, 1885 References Pennatulacea Cnidarian families {{Octocorallia-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stachyptilidae
Stachyptilidae is a family of corals Corals are marine invertebrates within the class (biology), class Anthozoa of the phylum Cnidaria. They typically form compact Colony (biology), colonies of many identical individual polyp (zoology), polyps. Coral species include the important C ... belonging to the order Pennatulacea. Genera: * '' Gilibelemnon'' Lopez Gonzalez & Williams, 2002 * '' Stachyptilum'' Kölliker, 1880 References Pennatulacea Cnidarian families {{Octocorallia-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scleroptilidae
Scleroptilidae is a family of corals Corals are marine invertebrates within the class (biology), class Anthozoa of the phylum Cnidaria. They typically form compact Colony (biology), colonies of many identical individual polyp (zoology), polyps. Coral species include the important C ... belonging to the order Pennatulacea. Genera: * '' Calibelemnon'' Nutting, 1908 * '' Scleroptilum'' Kölliker, 1880 References Pennatulacea Cnidarian families {{Octocorallia-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Renilla
''Renilla'' is a genus of sea pen. It is the only genus within the monotypic family Renillidae. Species The following species are recognized: * ''Renilla amethystina'' Verrill, 1864 * '' Renilla koellikeri'' Pfeffer, 1886 * ''Renilla muelleri'' Kölliker, 1872 * '' Renilla musaica'' Zamponi & Pérez, 1996 * '' Renilla octodentata'' Zamponi & Pérez, 1996 * Sea pansy The sea pansy, ''Renilla reniformis,'' is a species of colonial cnidarian in the family Renillidae, part of an octocoral subclass of Anthozoa that inhabit an expansive range of environments. It is native to warm continental shelf waters of th ... (''Renilla reniformis'') (Pallas, 1766) * '' Renilla tentaculata'' Zamponi, Perez & Capitali, 1996 References Renillidae Octocorallia genera Bioluminescent cnidarians {{Octocorallia-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Echinoptilidae
Echinoptilidae is a family of sea pens, a member of the subclass Octocorallia in the phylum Cnidaria. Characteristics Colonies are cylindrical without axis, and the rachis is generally longer than the peduncle. The colony may be radially or bilaterally symmetrical. Autozooids have non-retractile, bifurcated calyces with many sclerites.The Pennatulacea of Southern Africa (Coelentrata, Anthozoa), Annals of the South African Museum Volume 99 May 1990 part 4, Cape Town. Distribution Indo-West Pacific to south western Africa in shallow sublittoral to over 800m depth. Genera The World Register of Marine Species list the following genera Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclat ...:van Ofwegen, L. (2012). Echinoptilidae. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chunellidae
Chunellidae is a family of sea pens, a member of the subclass Octocorallia in the phylum Cnidaria. Genera The World Register of Marine Species list the following genera Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclat ...: *'' Amphiacme'' Kükenthal, 1903 *'' Chunella'' Kükenthal, 1902 *'' Porcupinella'' López-González & Williams, 2011 References Pennatulacea Cnidarian families {{Octocorallia-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
