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Scientific Equipment Optician
A scientific equipment optician is an individual who makes and adjusts other optical aids, including telescope optics and microscope lenses. See also Optician for individuals who make and adjust glasses. Telescope opticians * James Gilbert Baker * Denis Albert Bardou * John A. Brashear * Laurent Cassegrain * Henri Chrétien * Alvan Clark * John Dollond * Charles Wesley Elmer and Richard Scott Perkin * Galileo Galilei * James Gregory * John Hadley * Chester Moore Hall * Robert Hooke * Johannes Kepler * Frederick James Hargreaves * Christiaan Huygens * Hans Lippershey * Raymond Augustin Mailhat * Dmitri Dmitrievich Maksutov * James Henry Marriott * Jacob Metius * Isaac Newton * Georg Simon Plössl * Russell W. Porter * Jesse Ramsden * George Willis Ritchey * Christoph Scheiner * Bernhard Schmidt * James Short See also Timeline of telescope technology and List of astronomical instrument makers Microscope opticians * Ernst Karl Abbe * Denis Albert Bardou * Christopher ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Telescope
A telescope is a device used to observe distant objects by their emission, absorption, or reflection of electromagnetic radiation. Originally meaning only an optical instrument using lenses, curved mirrors, or a combination of both to observe distant objects, the word ''telescope'' now refers to a wide range of instruments capable of detecting different regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, and in some cases other types of detectors. The first known practical telescopes were refracting telescopes with glass lenses and were invented in the Netherlands at the beginning of the 17th century. They were used for both terrestrial applications and astronomy. The reflecting telescope, which uses mirrors to collect and focus light, was invented within a few decades of the first refracting telescope. In the 20th century, many new types of telescopes were invented, including radio telescopes in the 1930s and infrared telescopes in the 1960s. Etymology The word ''telescope'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Hadley
John Hadley (16 April 1682 – 14 February 1744) was an English mathematician, and laid claim to the invention of the octant, two years after Thomas Godfrey claimed the same. Biography He was born in Bloomsbury, London the eldest son of George Hadley of Osidge, East Barnet, Hertfordshire and his wife Katherine FitzJames. His younger brother George Hadley became a noted meteorologist. In 1717 John became a member (and later vice-president) of the Royal Society of London. In 1729 he inherited his father's East Barnet estate. He died in East Barnet in 1744 and is buried in the local churchyard with other members of his family. He had married Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Hodges, FRS (former Attorney General of Barbados) and had one child, a son and heir John, born in 1738. Work In 1730 Hadley invented the reflecting octant, which could be used to measure the altitude of the sun or other celestial objects above the horizon at sea. A mobile arm carrying a mirror and piv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russell W
Russell may refer to: People * Russell (given name) * Russell (surname) * Lady Russell (other) * Lord Russell (other) Places Australia * Russell, Australian Capital Territory * Russell Island, Queensland (other) **Russell Island (Moreton Bay) **Russell Island (Frankland Islands) *Russell Falls, Tasmania *A former name of Westerway, Tasmania Canada * Russell, Ontario, a township in Ontario * Russell, Ontario (community), a town in the township mentioned above. * Russell, Manitoba * Russell Island (Nunavut) New Zealand * Russell, New Zealand, formerly Kororareka * Okiato or Old Russell, the first capital of New Zealand Solomon Islands * Russell Islands United States * Russell, Arkansas * Russell City, California, formerly Russell * Russell, Colorado * Russell, Georgia * Russell, Illinois * Russell, Iowa * Russell, Kansas * Russell, Kentucky, in Greenup County * Russell, Louisville, Kentucky * Russell, Massachusetts, a New England town ** Russell (C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georg Simon Plössl
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Georg may refer to: * ''Georg'' (film), 1997 *Georg (musical), Estonian musical * Georg (given name) * Georg (surname) * , a Kriegsmarine coastal tanker See also * George (other) George may refer to: People * George (given name) * George (surname) * George (singer), American-Canadian singer George Nozuka, known by the mononym George * George Washington, First President of the United States * George W. Bush, 43rd Pres ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isaac Newton
Sir Isaac Newton (25 December 1642 – 20 March 1726/27) was an English mathematician, physicist, astronomer, alchemist, theologian, and author (described in his time as a " natural philosopher"), widely recognised as one of the greatest mathematicians and physicists and among the most influential scientists of all time. He was a key figure in the philosophical revolution known as the Enlightenment. His book (''Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy''), first published in 1687, established classical mechanics. Newton also made seminal contributions to optics, and shares credit with German mathematician Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz for developing infinitesimal calculus. In the , Newton formulated the laws of motion and universal gravitation that formed the dominant scientific viewpoint for centuries until it was superseded by the theory of relativity. Newton used his mathematical description of gravity to derive Kepler's laws of planetary motion, accoun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jacob Metius
Jacob (Jacobus; sometimes James) Metius (after 1571–1628) was a Dutch instrument-maker and a specialist in grinding lenses. He is primarily known for the patent application he made for an optical telescope in October 1608, a few weeks after Hans Lippershey submitted a patent for the same device. He was the brother of the geometer and astronomer Adriaan Metius. Biography Little is known of Jacob Metius other than he lived his life in Alkmaar. His father was Adriaan Anthonisz, a mathematician/map-maker/military engineer and Alkmaar burgomaster, and his brother was Adriaan Metius. Jacob's date of birth was some time after his brother's (1571). He died in Alkmaar, his death date usually given in sources as 1628 although some put it between 1624 and 1631. Invention of the telescope In October 1608, the States General discussed Jacob Metius's patent application for a device for "seeing faraway things as though nearby", consisting of a convex and concave lens in a tube, and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James Henry Marriott
James Henry Marriott (1799 – 25 August 1886) was a New Zealand theatre manager, actor, entertainer, playwright, songwriter, engraver, optician and bookseller. He was born in London, England, and arrived in New Zealand three years after the Wellington area was first settled. In Wellington he was involved with theatrical production at the Ship Hotel, Olympic Theatre, Britannia Saloon and Royal Lyceum. He made himself useful in the early days of the settlement by engraving tombstones, engraving illustrations for newspapers, and grinding lenses for telescopes. He ran a bookshop and sold sheet music, and contributed to the organised social and civic life of Wellington. In New Zealand he was the first regular producer of plays, a playwright (his play ''Marcilina'' premiered in 1848), and the first optics professional in that country to make a telescope. He was the father of Alice Marriott and the great-grandfather of Marriott Edgar and Edgar Wallace. Background Marriott's parents ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dmitri Dmitrievich Maksutov
Dmitry Dmitrievich Maksutov (russian: Дми́трий Дми́триевич Максу́тов) ( – 12 August 1964) was a Russian / Soviet optical engineer and amateur astronomer. He is best known as the inventor of the Maksutov telescope. Biography Dmitry Dmitriyevich Maksutov was born in 1896 in either Nikolayev or the port city of Odessa, Russian Empire. His father, was a naval officer serving with the Black Sea Fleet, who came from a family with a long and distinguished naval tradition. His great-grandfather, Peter Ivanovich Maksutov, was given the title of prince, thereby raising the family to hereditary nobility as a reward for bravery in combat. His grandfather, Dmitri Petrovich Maksutov, was the last Russian governor of Russian Alaska, before it was purchased by the United States in 1867. Dmitri became interested in astronomy in early childhood, and constructed his first telescope (a 7.2 inch / 180 mm reflector) when he was twelve years old. Later he read p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raymond Augustin Mailhat
Raymond Augustin Jean-Baptiste Mailhat (28 March 1862 – 22 April 1923) was a French manufacturer of telescopes and precision optical instruments. Biography Raymond Mailhat was born on 28 March 1862 in Saurat ( Ariège), the son of Jean Benjamin Mailhat, an illiterate shoemaker. After studying under Paul Gautier (1842-1909), Raymond became the director of the Secrétan company’s optics workshop in Paris on 1 January 1889. In 1894, Mailhat bought part of those workshops and established his own business. The Maison Mailhat manufactured a wide variety of equipment for both scientists and amateurs: * Astronomical and photographic lenses * Mirrors (flat, spherical and parabolic) * Equatorial mount refractor telescopes and photographic telescopes * Meridian circles (fixed and portable) * Astronomical and geodesical equipment for scientific missions and explorers * Simple refractor and equatorial telescopes for amateur comet hunters * Equipment for physicists * Coelostats * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hans Lippershey
Hans Lipperhey (circa 1570 – buried 29 September 1619), also known as Johann Lippershey or Lippershey, was a German- Dutch spectacle-maker. He is commonly associated with the invention of the telescope, because he was the first one who tried to obtain a patent for it. It is, however, unclear if he was the first one to build a telescope. Biography Lipperhey was born in Wesel, now in western Germany, around 1570. He settled in Middelburg, the capital of the province of Zeeland, now in the Netherlands, in 1594, married the same year and became a citizen of Zeeland in 1602. During that time he became a master lens grinder and spectacle maker and established a shop. He remained in Middelburg until his death, in September 1619. Invention of the telescope Hans Lipperhey is known for the earliest written record of a refracting telescope, a patent he filed in 1608. His work with optical devices grew out of his work as a spectacle maker, an industry that had started in Venice and Flor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christiaan Huygens
Christiaan Huygens, Lord of Zeelhem, ( , , ; also spelled Huyghens; la, Hugenius; 14 April 1629 – 8 July 1695) was a Dutch mathematician, physicist, engineer, astronomer, and inventor, who is regarded as one of the greatest scientists of all time and a major figure in the Scientific Revolution. In physics, Huygens made groundbreaking contributions in optics and mechanics, while as an astronomer he is chiefly known for his studies of the rings of Saturn and the discovery of its moon Titan. As an engineer and inventor, he improved the design of telescopes and invented the pendulum clock, a breakthrough in timekeeping and the most accurate timekeeper for almost 300 years. An exceptionally talented mathematician and physicist, Huygens was the first to idealize a physical problem by a set of mathematical parameters, and the first to fully mathematize a mechanistic explanation of an unobservable physical phenomenon.Dijksterhuis, F.J. (2008) Stevin, Huygens and the Dutch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frederick James Hargreaves
Frederick James Hargreaves (10 February 1891 – 4 September 1970) was a British astronomer and optician. He was considered the foremost optician in Britain, and was noted for his skill in mirror making and other optics for astronomical telescopes. He also made a series of observations and drawings of the turbulence in the belts and zones of Jupiter's atmosphere. He served as president of the British Astronomical Association (1942-1944). He partnered to create the firm Cox Hargreaves and Thompson, with first premises under the embankment of the mainline station near Preston Park, Brighton, Sussex. Later, moving to the much better environment for really accurate grinding and surface continuity at the large tunnel layout (Deep Level Air Raid Shelter No. 4), in the grounds of Cane Hill Asylum, Coulsdon, Surrey, from 1952-1970. Cut deep into a chalk hill, these brick-lined tunnels had an all-year round constant temperature and absolutely no vibration. Mirrors tested at point of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
