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Scania 3-series
The Scania 3-series is a truck model range introduced in 1987 by Swedish truck manufacturer Scania. It is the successor of the 2-series.The 3 series came in a range of different engine sizes and horsepower from 9.0 litre 230 horsepower all the way up to 14 litre V8 500 horsepower engine. Production of the 3-series was stopped after the 4-series were introduced in 1995. The 3-series was the first series of Scania trucks to use the Streamline name, aiming to improve fuel efficiency and keep the styling up-to-date. The most notable changes were a redesigned bumper and front fascia incorporating a lower-drag grille design and full headlight bezels and an improved cab-side wind deflector design. The Scania R143 is generally considered to be the best European tractor unit of its time. It is affectionately honoured by truck enthusiasts and has an unwavering reputation as a reliable and groundbreaking workhorse. Gallery File:M J Griffiths Transport 1995 Scania 143M truck with refrig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scania AB
Scania AB is a major Swedish manufacturer headquartered in Södertälje, focusing on commercial vehicles—specifically heavy lorries, trucks and buses. It also manufactures diesel engines for heavy vehicles as well as marine and general industrial applications. Scania was formed in 1911 through the merger of Södertälje-based Vabis and Malmö-based Maskinfabriks-aktiebolaget Scania. Since 1912, the company has been re-located again to Södertälje after the merger. Today, Scania has production facilities in Sweden, France, the Netherlands, Thailand, China, India, Argentina, Brazil, Poland, Russia and Finland. In addition, there are assembly plants in ten countries in Africa, Asia and Europe. Scania's sales and service organisation and finance companies are worldwide. In 2012, the company employed approximately 42,100 people around the world. Scania was listed on the NASDAQ OMX Stockholm stock exchange from 1996 to 2014. The company is a subsidiary of Traton, part of the Vo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Södertälje
Södertälje ( , ) is a Urban areas in Sweden, city in Södermanland and Stockholm County, Sweden and seat of Södertälje Municipality. As of 2017, it has 72,704 inhabitants. Södertälje is located at Mälarens confluence in to the Baltic Sea through the lock in the Södertälje Canal.Nationalencyklopedin, Södertälje. http://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/lång/södertälje-(tätort-södertälje-kommun) (hämtad 2020-06-13) Since year 2000, it is the largest Urban areas in Sweden, city located entirely within the province of Södermanland. History Ancient history It is estimated that the first people reached the area around what is today Södertälje during the Stone Age, about 4000 BC. They formed settlements around 3000 BC, when the peasant culture is believed to have reached the area.Svartsjö, Christina 2004, ''Centrumförnyelse i Södertälje - utopi eller verklighet!''. Blekinge tekniska högskola Around 1500 to 400 BC, the strait between Lake Mälaren and the Bal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sweden
Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and north, Finland to the east, and is connected to Denmark in the southwest by a bridgetunnel across the Öresund. At , Sweden is the largest Nordic country, the third-largest country in the European Union, and the fifth-largest country in Europe. The capital and largest city is Stockholm. Sweden has a total population of 10.5 million, and a low population density of , with around 87% of Swedes residing in urban areas in the central and southern half of the country. Sweden has a nature dominated by forests and a large amount of lakes, including some of the largest in Europe. Many long rivers run from the Scandes range through the landscape, primarily ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scania 2-series
The Scania GPRT range, later known as the Scania 2-series, is a truck model range introduced in 1980 by Swedish truck manufacturer Scania. It is the successor of the "1-series". The 2-series came in a range of different engine sizes and power ratings from 7.8 litres I6 to a 14.2-litre V8 engine. Production of the 2-series was stopped after the 3-series were introduced in 1987, but the production of the 2-series continued in Argentina and Brazil until 1992. The range was first shown in the spring of 1980 as the bonneted (conventional-cab) T-series (for "Torpedo", not to be confused with the 2004 T-series). Kennett, p. 25 The cab, also featuring an all-new interior, was designed by Giorgetto Giugiaro. The 2-series was also manufactured by Scania's Brazilian operations, beginning in 1982. In 1984, the 8.5-litre "92" series was added. Letter suffixes M, H, or E, relate to frame/suspension ratings - "medium", "heavy", or "extra-heavy" duty. Prefixes used are as follows: * G - rigidl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scania 4-series
The Scania 4-series, is a truck model range which was introduced by Scania in 1995. It was the successor of the 3-series and it came in five engine combinations, three cabs and four chassis types. The 4-series was succeeded by the PRT-range in Europe in 2004, but production continued in Brazil until 2007. Designations ;Engine size The engine sizes are 9, 11, 12, 14 and 16 litres - as usual for the 1-4 series except the new 12 and 16 litre engines - shown in the model name with a number constructed by the cylinder volume in litres followed by the generation of truck. This way a 14-litre engine in the 4-series will be a 144. ;Chassis type The letter, following the number describes the chassis type, but in the 4-series this code changed compared to former series (L, D, C and G in 4-series vs M, H and E on the 3 series). The 3-digit number on the opposite corner in the front stands for horse power. This ranges from 220 to 580 hp. Styling The 4-series changed the well-known Scan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cab Over Engine
Cab-over, also known as cab over engine (COE), cab forward (U.S.), flat nose (Canada), or forward control (UK), is a body style of truck, bus, or van that has a vertical front, "flat face" or a semi-hood, with the cab of the truck sitting above (or forward of) the front axle. This contrasts with a conventional truck where the engine is mounted in front of the driver. This truck configuration is currently common among European and Asian truck manufacturers. European regulations set restrictions for both the total length and the length of the load area, which allow a cab length of in combination with the maximum load area length. This allows a sleeper cab with a narrow bunk, and would allow a bonneted (hooded) day cab. Nonetheless, no manufacturer in Europe produces such day cabs with bonnets. The last manufacturer of a conventional in Europe, Scania, stopped production in 2005. (The reason was a decline to less than 1000 units worldwide, with European sales declining by 50% a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fuel Efficiency
Fuel efficiency is a form of thermal efficiency, meaning the ratio of effort to result of a process that converts chemical potential energy contained in a carrier (fuel) into kinetic energy or work. Overall fuel efficiency may vary per device, which in turn may vary per application, and this spectrum of variance is often illustrated as a continuous energy profile. Non-transportation applications, such as industry, benefit from increased fuel efficiency, especially fossil fuel power plants or industries dealing with combustion, such as ammonia production during the Haber process. In the context of transport, fuel economy is the energy efficiency of a particular vehicle, given as a ratio of distance traveled per unit of fuel consumed. It is dependent on several factors including engine efficiency, transmission design, and tire design. In most countries, using the metric system, fuel economy is stated as "fuel consumption" in liters per 100 kilometers (L/100 km) or kilometer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Zealand Fire Service
The New Zealand Fire Service ( mi, Whakaratonga Iwi, "Service to the People"; also known as the NZFS) was New Zealand's main firefighting body from 1 April 1976 until 1 July 2017 – at which point it was dissolved and incorporated into the new Fire and Emergency New Zealand. Legal Authority The NZFS was somewhat unusual, internationally, in that it had jurisdiction over the entire country with no division by region or city. It was the result of the New Zealand Fire Service Act (1975), which nationalised the various District-level brigades that had developed across the country. Responsibility The New Zealand Fire Service was predominantly configured as an Urban Fire & Rescue Service. The Fire Service Act placed responsibility on the NZFS for firefighting in gazetted Urban Fire Districts, totalling about 3% of New Zealand's land area but covering 85% of the country's population. The remainder of the land was covered by Rural Fire Authorities (RFAs) that acted under the Forest a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scania 3-series (bus)
The Scania 3-series bus range was introduced by Scania in 1988 and was superseded by the 4-series bus range in 1999. Model designations The model designation breakdown is as follows: ;Main type *F: chassis with engine located longitudinally in front of the front axle *S: chassis with engine located longitudinally above the front axle *K: chassis with engine located longitudinally behind the rear axle *L: chassis with engine located longitudinally behind the rear axle, inclined 60° leftward *N: chassis with transverse engine located behind the rear axle *CN: complete bus based on N-chassis *CK: complete bus based on K-chassis *CL: complete bus based on L-chassis ;Engine series *9: DS9 or DSC9 series 8.5-litre engine *11: DS11 or DSC11 series 11-litre engine ;Development code *3: third generation ;Chassis type *A: chassis for articulated bus *C: chassis for single-decker, two-axle bus *D: chassis for double-decker bus *N: F-chassis for heavy-duty execution *T: chassis for sing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scania PRT-range
The Scania PRT-range (also known as Scania LPGRS-range or Scania PGRT-range), also referred to as ''new truck range'' or ''Scania's truck range'', is the current range of trucks produced by the Swedish commercial vehicle manufacturer Scania. It was first introduced as the successor to the 4-series in spring 2004 with the high forward control cab Scania R-series, followed by the low forward control cab Scania P-series and bonneted cab Scania T-series later in the year. The bonneted model was discontinued in 2005. In 2007 the Scania G-series, a medium forward control cab was introduced and was derived from the R-series. The entire range is modular, giving a wide range of different configurations for different types of trucks. The trucks are available with engines ranging from a 9-litre I5 to a 16-litre V8, with the V8 only being available in the higher model. A second generation launched in August 2016, first was the Scania S-series being the first flat-floor model. In December 2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scania AB Trucks
Scania, also known by its native name of Skåne (, ), is the southernmost of the historical provinces (''landskap'') of Sweden. Located in the south tip of the geographical region of Götaland, the province is roughly conterminous with Skåne County, created in 1997. Like the other former provinces of Sweden, Scania still features in colloquial speech and in cultural references, and can therefore not be regarded as an archaic concept. Within Scania there are 33 municipalities that are autonomous within the Skåne Regional Council. Scania's largest city, Malmö, is the third-largest city in Sweden, as well as the fifth-largest in Scandinavia. To the north, Scania borders the former provinces of Halland and Småland, to the northeast Blekinge, to the east and south the Baltic Sea, and to the west Öresund. Since 2000, a road and railway bridge, the Öresund Bridge, bridges the Sound and connects Scania with Denmark. Scania forms part of the transnational Øresund Region. From ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vehicles Introduced In 1987
A vehicle (from la, vehiculum) is a machine that transports people or cargo. Vehicles include wagons, bicycles, motor vehicles (motorcycles, cars, trucks, buses, mobility scooters for disabled people), railed vehicles (trains, trams), watercraft (ships, boats, underwater vehicles), amphibious vehicles (screw-propelled vehicles, hovercraft), aircraft (airplanes, helicopters, aerostats) and spacecraft.Halsey, William D. (Editorial Director): ''MacMillan Contemporary Dictionary'', page 1106. MacMillan Publishing, 1979. Land vehicles are classified broadly by what is used to apply steering and drive forces against the ground: wheeled, tracked, railed or skied. ISO 3833-1977 is the standard, also internationally used in legislation, for road vehicles types, terms and definitions. History * The oldest boats found by archaeological excavation are logboats, with the oldest logboat found, the Pesse canoe found in a bog in the Netherlands, being carbon dated to 8040 - 7510 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
