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Satu Mare Ghetto
The Satu Mare ghetto was one of the Nazi-era ghettos for European Jews during World War II. It was located in the city of Satu Mare ( hu, Szatmárnémeti) in Satu Mare County, Transylvania, now part of Romania, but administered as part of Szatmár County by the Kingdom of Hungary from the 1940 Second Vienna Award's grant of Northern Transylvania until late 1944. The ghetto was active in the spring of 1944, following Operation Margarethe. History Due to the relatively high number of Jews in the county, including the Satmar Hasidic dynasty, Hungarian authorities set up two ghettos - one in Satu Mare, and one in Baia Mare. Carei was initially also a ghetto site for the Jews of that city and its surroundings. However, after a short period, the inhabitants, led by a Judenrat composed of István Antal, Jenő Pfefferman, Ernő Deutsch, and Lajos Jakobovics, were transferred to Satu Mare. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Nazi-era Ghettos
This article is a partial list of selected Jewish ghettos created by the Nazis for the purpose of isolating, exploiting and finally, eradicating Jewish population (and sometimes Romani people) on territories they controlled. Most of the ghettos were set up by the Third Reich in the course of World War II. In total, according to USHMM archives, "The Germans established at least 1,000 ghettos in German-occupied and annexed Poland and the Soviet Union alone." Therefore, the examples are intended only to illustrate their scope across Eastern and Western Europe. In Europe Large Nazi ghettos in which Jews were confined existed across the continent. These ghettos were liquidated as Holocaust transports delivered their helpless victims to concentration and extermination camps built by Nazi Germany in occupied Poland. German-occupied Poland Following the 1939 Invasion of Poland, the new ghetto system had been imposed by Nazi Germany roughly between October 1939 and July 1942 in order ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ardud
Ardud ( hu, Erdőd, Hungarian pronunciation: ; german: Erdeed) is a town situated in Satu Mare County, Transylvania, Romania. It administers five villages: Ardud-Vii (), Baba Novac (), Gerăușa (), Mădăras () and Sărătura (). History It has a complex history, having in different periods been part the Kingdom of Hungary, Ottoman Empire, Habsburg monarchy and the Kingdom of Romania. In 1920 the town became part of Romania, under the Treaty of Trianon that concluded World War I. As a result of the Second Vienna Award it became a part of Hungary between 1940 and 1945. Since then it has been part of Romania. Demographics The 2011 census recorded a total population of 5,889. Of these, 59.2% were Romanians, 18.6% Hungarians, 16.1% Roma and 4.8% Germans. In 2002, 41.7% were Romanian Orthodox, 32.7% Roman Catholic, 13.9% Greek-Catholic, 5.1% Pentecostal, 4.2% Reformed and 2.3% Baptist. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Satu Mare
Satu Mare (; hu, Szatmárnémeti ; german: Sathmar; yi, סאטמאר or ) is a city with a population of 102,400 (2011). It is the capital of Satu Mare County, Romania, as well as the centre of the Satu Mare metropolitan area. It lies in the region of Maramureș, broadly part of Transylvania. Mentioned in the ''Gesta Hungarorum'' as ("Zotmar's fort"), the city has a history going back to the Middle Ages. Today, it is an academic, cultural, industrial, and business centre in the Nord-Vest development region. Geography Satu Mare is situated in Satu Mare County, in northwest Romania, on the river Someș, from the border with Hungary and from the border with Ukraine. The city is located at an altitude of on the Lower Someș alluvial plain, spreading out from the Administrative Palace at 25 October Square. The boundaries of the municipality contain an area of . From a geomorphologic point of view, the city is located on the Someș Meadow on both sides of the river, which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jewish Hungarian History
Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The people of the Kingdom of Israel and the ethnic and religious group known as the Jewish people that descended from them have been subjected to a number of forced migrations in their history" and Hebrews of historical Israel and Judah. Jewish ethnicity, nationhood, and religion are strongly interrelated, "Historically, the religious and ethnic dimensions of Jewish identity have been closely interwoven. In fact, so closely bound are they, that the traditional Jewish lexicon hardly distinguishes between the two concepts. Jewish religious practice, by definition, was observed exclusively by the Jewish people, and notions of Jewish peoplehood, nation, and community were suffused with faith in the Jewish God, the practice of Jewish (religious) la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jewish Romanian History
Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The people of the Kingdom of Israel and the ethnic and religious group known as the Jewish people that descended from them have been subjected to a number of forced migrations in their history" and Hebrews of historical Israel and Judah. Jewish ethnicity, nationhood, and religion are strongly interrelated, "Historically, the religious and ethnic dimensions of Jewish identity have been closely interwoven. In fact, so closely bound are they, that the traditional Jewish lexicon hardly distinguishes between the two concepts. Jewish religious practice, by definition, was observed exclusively by the Jewish people, and notions of Jewish peoplehood, nation, and community were suffused with faith in the Jewish God, the practice of Jewish (religious) la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yad Vashem
Yad Vashem ( he, יָד וַשֵׁם; literally, "a memorial and a name") is Israel's official memorial to the victims of the Holocaust. It is dedicated to preserving the memory of the Jews who were murdered; honoring Jews who fought against their Nazi oppressors and Gentiles who selflessly aided Jews in need; and researching the phenomenon of the Holocaust in particular and genocide in general, with the aim of avoiding such events in the future. Established in 1953, Yad Vashem is located on the western slope of Mount Herzl, also known as the Mount of Remembrance, a height in western Jerusalem, above sea level and adjacent to the Jerusalem Forest. The memorial consists of a complex containing two types of facilities: some dedicated to the scientific study of the Holocaust and genocide in general, and memorials and museums catering to the needs of the larger public. Among the former there are a research institute with archives, a library, a publishing house, and an educational ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Auschwitz Concentration Camp
Auschwitz concentration camp ( (); also or ) was a complex of over 40 concentration and extermination camps operated by Nazi Germany in occupied Poland (in a portion annexed into Germany in 1939) during World War II and the Holocaust. It consisted of Auschwitz I, the main camp (''Stammlager'') in Oświęcim; Auschwitz II-Birkenau, a concentration and extermination camp with gas chambers; Auschwitz III-Monowitz, a labor camp for the chemical conglomerate IG Farben; and dozens of subcamps. The camps became a major site of the Nazis' final solution to the Jewish question. After Germany sparked World War II by invading Poland in September 1939, the ''Schutzstaffel'' (SS) converted Auschwitz I, an army barracks, into a prisoner-of-war camp. The initial transport of political detainees to Auschwitz consisted almost solely of Poles for whom the camp was initially established. The bulk of inmates were Polish for the first two years. In May 1940, German criminals brought to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mérk
Mérk is a village in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county, in the Northern Great Plain region of eastern Hungary Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia a .... Geography It covers an area of and has a population of 2073 people (2012). The village of Mérk is situated southeast of the Hungarian town Nyíregyháza. This area is part of Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county located in the northeast corner of Hungary. In 2012, Mérk had 2073 inhabitants. The number of houses in the community was 817. The village is close to the border between Hungary and Romania that crosses this area in an East to West direction at the River Kraszna. Geographically, the area constitutes a juncture of the sandy Nyírség Plain and the marshlands of Ecsed. Art relics and tourist attractions in the villag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seini
Seini (German: ''Leuchtenburg''; Hungarian: ''Szinérváralja'') is a town in Maramureș County, Romania. It administers two villages, Săbișa (''Kissebespatak'') and Viile Apei (''Apahegy''). It officially became a town in 1989, as a result of the Romanian rural systematization program The Romanian rural systematization program was a social engineering program undertaken by Nicolae Ceaușescu's Romania primarily at the end of the 1980s. The legal framework for this program was established as early as 1974, but it only began in .... References Populated places in Maramureș County Towns in Romania {{Maramureş-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Șomcuta Mare
Șomcuta Mare ( hu, Nagysomkút; german: Großhorn) is a town in Maramureș County, Romania. The town administers seven villages: Buciumi (''Törökfalu''), Buteasa (''Bucsonfalva''), Ciolt (''Csolt''), Codru Butesii (''Kodrulytelep''), Finteușu Mare (''Nagyfentős''), Hovrila (''Hávord'') and Vălenii Șomcutei (''Somkútpataka''). It was declared a town in 2004. History The exact founding date of Șomcuta Mare is unknown; however, it is first mentioned in 1319 as part of "Cetatea de piatră" (Stone Fortress) realm. In the 14th century, the locality, along with the "Chioar Domain" enters the possession of Romanian voivodes (rulers) of Maramureș. As of 1566, the "Chioar Domain" is divided in 12 voivodeships, of which those led by voivode Dan Butean are administrated from Șomcuta Mare, covering 14 villages. In the year of 1599 Șomcuta Mare along with the remaining "Chioar Domain" is transferred to the rule of Mihai Viteazul. In 1713 "Cetatea de piatră" is destroyed. Later, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orașu Nou
Orașu Nou ( hu, Avasújváros; Hungarian pronunciation: ) is a commune of 7,100 inhabitants situated in Satu Mare County, Romania. It is composed of five villages: The villages of Racșa and Racșa-Vii were part of Orașu Nou from 1925 to 1949 and from 1956 to 2010, when they were split off to form Racșa Commune. Orașu Nou is located in the northeastern part of the county, in the Oaș Country ethnographic region, on the border with Maramureș County. The commune is traversed by national road , which connects it to the county seat, Satu Mare, to the west. Demographics Ethnic groups (2002 census): retrieved on March 22, 2010 *: 63.3 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mátészalka
Mátészalka is a town in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county, in the Northern Great Plain region of eastern Hungary. It is on the Kraszna River, 52 kilometers from the city of Nyiregyhaza. Geography It covers an area of and has a population of 17,015 people (2011). The town was the birthplace of actor Tony Curtis' father, Emanuel Schwartz. Population In 2001, the population of Mátészalka was nearly 96% Hungarian, 3% Romani, and 1% German. Although, in recent years. People from America, India, Canada, and China have moved into Mátészalka (2021) History Mátészalka was created from the merger of two large villages: Máté, founded in 1231 and Szalka, created in 1268. From the fifteenth century, Mátészalka was a market settlement. From 1920 - 1950 it was the seat of the authorities of some of the committees Szatmár, Ugocsa and Bereg remaining in Hungary after the Trianon Treaty. In 1969 Mátészalka received city rights. The city is the seat of the regional ''Szatmári M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
