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Saponi
The Saponi or Sappony are a Native American tribe historically based in the Piedmont of North Carolina and Virginia.Raymond D. DeMaillie, "Tutelo and Neighboring Groups," pages 286–87. They spoke a Siouan language, related to the languages of the Tutelo, Biloxi, and Ofo. Since the mid-20th century, certain groups in the Southeast have organized to assert their American Indian cultural identity; some claim descent from the historic Saponi. Three state-recognized tribes in North Carolina, the Haliwa-Saponi Indian Tribe, the Occaneechi Band of the Saponi Nation, and the Sappony (formerly known as the Indians of Person County until 2003) all identify as Saponi. None of these organizations are federally recognized as a Native American tribe. Etymology The origin and meaning of ''Saponi'' is debated. Ethnographer James Mooney suggested the word might come from the Siouan term ''sapa'' meaning "black." German explorer John Lederer suggested their name came from Sepy, a female immo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haliwa-Saponi Indian Tribe
The Haliwa-Saponi Indian Tribe, also the Haliwa-Saponi Tribe, is a state-recognized tribe and nonprofit organization in North Carolina. They are not a federally recognized as a Native American tribe. They are headquartered in Hollister, North Carolina. Formerly named the Haliwarnash Indian Club, they adopted their current form of government in 1953 and were recognized in 1965 by the state of North Carolina. The tribe has created schools and other institutions to preserve its culture and identity. They primarily belong to Protestant Christian churches, mostly Baptist and Methodist. Name The name ''Haliwa'' is a portmanteau from the two counties: Halifax and Warren. In 1979 the tribe added ''Saponi'' to their name to reflect their descent from the historical Saponi peoples, part of the large Siouan languages family, who were formerly located in the Piedmont of present-day Virginia and the Carolinas. Membership The Haliwa-Saponi comprise slightly more than 3,800 members. Abou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Occaneechi
The Occaneechi (also Occoneechee and Akenatzy) are Native Americans who lived in the 17th century primarily on the large, long Occoneechee Island and east of the confluence of the Dan and Roanoke rivers, near current-day Clarksville, Virginia. They spoke one of the Siouan languages, and thus related to the Saponi, Tutelo, Eno and other Southeastern Siouan-language peoples living in the Piedmont region of present-day North Carolina and Virginia. In 1676, in the course of Bacon's Rebellion, the tribe was attacked by militias from the Colony of Virginia and decimated. Also under demographic pressure from European settlements and newly introduced infectious diseases, the Saponi and Tutelo came to live near the Occaneechi on adjacent islands. By 1714 the Occaneechi moved to join the Tutelo, Saponi, and other Siouan people living on a reservation in current-day Brunswick County, Virginia. It included a fort called Christanna. The Siouan people had been drastically reduced to approx ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Occaneechi Band Of The Saponi Nation
The Occaneechi Band of the Saponi Nation are a state-recognized tribe in North Carolina. They were previously named the Eno Occaneechi Indian Association but changed their name in 1994. They claim descent from the historic Occaneechi, Saponi, and other Eastern Siouan language-speaking Indians who occupied the Piedmont of North Carolina and Virginia. The tribe maintains an office in Mebane, where it carries out programs to benefit the roughly 1,100 enrolled tribal members. Historical tribes Limited documentation exists linking members of the tribe to the historical Occaneechi and Saponi tribes. After warfare in the Southeast in the 18th century, most of the remaining Saponi tribe members went north in 1740 for protection with the Haudenosaunee. After the American Revolution, they relocated with the Iroquois in Canada, as they had been allies of the British. After the war and migration, the Saponi disappeared from the historical record in the Southeast, in part because of racial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tutelo Language
Tutelo, also known as Tutelo people, Tutelo–Saponi people, Saponi, is a member of the Virginian branch of Siouan languages that were originally spoken in the territory now known as Virginia and West Virginia in the United States. Some speakers of Tutelo migrated north to escape warfare. Traveling through North Carolina, Pennsylvania, New York, they finally settled in Ontario after the American Revolutionary War with the Cayuga (Iroqouian speakers) at what is now known as Six Nations of the Grand River First Nation. Nikonha, the last fluent speaker in Tutelo country, died in 1871 at age 106. The year before, he had managed to impart about 100 words of vocabulary to the ethnologist Horatio Hale, who had visited him at the Six Nations Reserve.Horatio Hale"Tutelo Tribe and Language" ''Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society'' 21, no. 114 (1883) In 1753 the Tutelo had joined the Iroquois confederacy under the sponsorship of the Cayuga nation, Cayuga. Descendants living at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manahoac
The Manahoac, also recorded as Mahock, were a small group of Siouan-language Native Americans (Indigenous people) in northern Virginia at the time of European contact. They numbered approximately 1,000 and lived primarily along the Rappahannock River west of modern Fredericksburg and the Fall Line, and east of the Blue Ridge Mountains. They united with the Monacan, the Occaneechi, the Saponi and the Tutelo. They disappeared from the historical record after 1728. Etymology According to William W. Tooker, the name ''Manahoac'' is Algonquian for "they are very merry", but anthropologist John R. Swanton considers this dubious. History After thousands of years of different indigenous cultures in present-day Virginia, the Manahoac and other Piedmont tribes developed from the prehistoric Woodland cultures. Historically the Siouan tribes occupied more of the Piedmont area, and the Algonquian-speaking tribes inhabited the lowlands and Tidewater. In 1608 the English explorer John Sm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indians Of Person County
The Sappony are a state-recognized tribe in North Carolina. They claim descent from the historic Saponi people, an Eastern Siouan language-speaking tribe who occupied the Piedmont of North Carolina and Virginia. They were previously called the Indians of Person County.Mark Edwin Miller, ''Claiming Tribal Identity'', page 346. They are based in Roxboro, the seat of Person County, North Carolina. The Sappony are not federally recognized as a Native American tribe and have never petitioned for federal recognition. Nonprofit organization In 1996, the Sappony formed a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization named the High Plains Indians. In 2018, Dante Desiderio served as the High Plains Indians' Executive Director and Charlene Martin served as the treasurer. Administration In 2021, the administration of the Sappony were as fellows. * Otis K. Martin, tribal chief * Dorothy Stewart Crowe, board chairperson * Charlene Y. Martin, treasurer * Juila Martin Phipps, secretary * Danta Des ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sappony
The Sappony are a state-recognized tribe in North Carolina. They claim descent from the historic Saponi people, an Eastern Siouan language-speaking tribe who occupied the Piedmont of North Carolina and Virginia. They were previously called the Indians of Person County.Mark Edwin Miller, ''Claiming Tribal Identity'', page 346. They are based in Roxboro, the seat of Person County, North Carolina. The Sappony are not federally recognized as a Native American tribe and have never petitioned for federal recognition. Nonprofit organization In 1996, the Sappony formed a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization named the High Plains Indians. In 2018, Dante Desiderio served as the High Plains Indians' Executive Director and Charlene Martin served as the treasurer. Administration In 2021, the administration of the Sappony were as fellows. * Otis K. Martin, tribal chief * Dorothy Stewart Crowe, board chairperson * Charlene Y. Martin, treasurer * Juila Martin Phipps, secretary * Danta Des ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fort Christanna
Fort Christanna was one of the projects of Lt. Governor Alexander Spotswood, who was governor of the Virginia Colony 1710–1722. When Fort Christanna opened in 1714, Capt. Robert Hicks was named captain of the fort and he relocated his family to the area. His homestead "Hick’s Ford" is close to the modern city of Emporia in Greensville County, VA. The fort was designed to offer protection and schooling to the tributary Siouan and Iroquoian tribes living to the southwest of the colonized area of Virginia. Located in what became Brunswick County, Virginia, near Gholsonville, the fort was completed in 1714 and enjoyed three successful years of operation as the westernmost outpost of the British Empire at the time, before being finally closed by the House of Burgesses in 1718. However, the Saponi and Tutelo continued to live on the allotted land, 6 miles square (36 sq. mi), into the 1730s and 1740s. Background After the Tuscarora War broke out in 1711, Spotswood conceived th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tutelo
The Tutelo (also Totero, Totteroy, Tutera; Yesan in Tutelo) were Native Americans in the United States, Native American people living above the Atlantic Seaboard fall line, Fall Line in present-day Virginia and West Virginia. They spoke a Siouan dialect of the Tutelo language thought to be similar to that of their neighbors, the Monacan (tribe), Monacan and Manahoac nations. Under pressure from English settlers and Seneca people, Seneca Iroquois, they joined with other Virginia Siouan tribes in the late 17th century and became collectively known as the Nahyssan. By 1740, they had largely left Virginia and migrated north to seek protection from their former Iroquois opponents. They were adopted by the Cayuga people, Cayuga tribe of New York (state), New York in 1753. Ultimately, their descendants migrated into Canada. Name The English name ''Tutelo'' comes from the Algonquian variant of the name that the Iroquois used for all the Virginia Siouan tribes: Toderochrone(many variant s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monacan (tribe)
The Monacan Indian Nation is one of eleven Native American tribes recognized since the late 20th century by the U.S. state of Virginia. In January 2018, the United States Congress passed an act to provide federal recognition as tribes to the Monacan and five other tribes in Virginia. They had earlier been so disrupted by land loss, warfare, intermarriage, and discrimination that the main society believed they no longer were "Indians". However, the Monacan reorganized and asserted their culture.Vincent Schilling, "Six VA Tribes Slotted For Federal Recognition as Senators Warner & Kaine Secure Bill Passage" ''Indian Country Media Network'', January 16, 20 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
State-recognized Tribes
State-recognized tribes in the United States are organizations that identify as Native American tribes or heritage groups that do not meet the criteria for federally recognized Indian tribes but have been recognized by a process established under assorted state government laws for varying purposes. State recognition does not dictate whether or not they are recognized as Native American tribes by continually existing tribal nations. In the late 20th century, some states have passed legislation that recognizes some tribes. Most such groups are located in the Eastern United States, including the three of largest state-recognized tribes in the US, the Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina, Echota Cherokee Tribe of Alabama, and the United Houma Nation of Louisiana, each of which has more than ten thousand members. State recognition confers few benefits under federal law. It is not the same as federal recognition, which is the federal government's acknowledgment of a tribe as a dependent sov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
North Carolina
North Carolina () is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States. The state is the 28th largest and 9th-most populous of the United States. It is bordered by Virginia to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, Georgia and South Carolina to the south, and Tennessee to the west. In the 2020 census, the state had a population of 10,439,388. Raleigh is the state's capital and Charlotte is its largest city. The Charlotte metropolitan area, with a population of 2,595,027 in 2020, is the most-populous metropolitan area in North Carolina, the 21st-most populous in the United States, and the largest banking center in the nation after New York City. The Raleigh-Durham-Cary combined statistical area is the second-largest metropolitan area in the state and 32nd-most populous in the United States, with a population of 2,043,867 in 2020, and is home to the largest research park in the United States, Research Triangle Park. The earliest evidence of human occupation i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
