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Sangha, Mali
Sangha (sometimes spelled Sanga) is a rural commune in the Cercle of Bandigara in the Mopti Region of Mali. The commune contains around 44 small villages and in the 2009 census had a population of 32,513. The administrative centre (''chef-lieu An administrative center is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune is located. In countries with French as administrative language (such as Belgium, Lu ...'') is the village of Sangha Ogol Leye, one of a cluster of at least 10 small villages at the top of the Bandiagara Escarpment. The commune is known as a centre for Dogon traditional religion with many temples and shrines, and as a base for visitors to the local Dogon villages. Toro So is spoken in the village of Sangha. Most of the ethnographic work by Marcel Griaule was carried out among the Dogon of Sangha. Gallery ASC Leiden - W.E.A. van Beek Collection - Dogon markets 11 - Mult ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communes Of Mali
A Commune is the third-level administrative unit in Mali. Mali is divided into eight regions and one capital district (Bamako). These subdivisions bear the name of their principal city. The regions are divided into 49 Cercles. The Cercles and the district are divided into 703 Communes, with 36 Urban Communes and 667 Rural Communes, while some larger Cercles still contain Arrondissements above the Commune level, these are organisational areas with no independent power or office. Rural Communes are subdivided in Villages, while Urban Communes are subdivided into ''Quartier'' (wards or quarters). Communes usually bear the name of their principal town. The capital, Bamako, consists of six Urban Communes. There were initially 701 communes until the Law ''No. 01-043'' of 7 June 2001 created two new Rural Communes in the desert region in the north east of the country: Alata, Ménaka Cercle in the Gao Region and Intadjedite, Tin-Essako Cercle in the Kidal Region.. Not every built ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marcel Griaule
Marcel Griaule (16 May 1898 – 23 February 1956) was a French author and anthropologist known for his studies of the Dogon people of West Africa, and for pioneering ethnographic field studies in France. He worked together with Germaine Dieterlen and Jean Rouch on African subjects. His publications number over 170 books and articles for scholarly journals. Biography Born in Aisy-sur-Armançon, Griaule received a good education and was preparing to become an engineer and enrolled at the prestigious Lycée Louis-le-Grand when in 1917 at the end of World War I he volunteered to become a pilot in the French Air Force. In 1920 he returned to university, where he attended the lectures of Marcel Mauss and Marcel Cohen. Intrigued by anthropology, he gave up plans for a technical career. In 1927 he received a degree from the École Nationale de Langues Orientales, where he concentrated on Amharic and Ge'ez. Between 1928 and 1933 Griaule participated in two large-scale ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communes Of Mopti Region
An intentional community is a voluntary residential community which is designed to have a high degree of social cohesion and teamwork from the start. The members of an intentional community typically hold a common social, political, religious, or spiritual vision, and typically share responsibilities and property. This way of life is sometimes characterized as an " alternative lifestyle". Intentional communities can be seen as social experiments or communal experiments. The multitude of intentional communities includes collective households, cohousing communities, coliving, ecovillages, monasteries, survivalist retreats, kibbutzim, hutterites, ashrams, and housing cooperatives. History Ashrams are likely the earliest intentional communities founded around 1500 BCE, while Buddhist monasteries appeared around 500 BCE. Pythagoras founded an intellectual vegetarian commune in about 525 BCE in southern Italy. Hundreds of modern intentional communities were formed across ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Awa Society
Awa (in Dogon), also known as the Awa Society, the Society of Masks, is an African mask and initiatory society of the Dogon people of Mali which is made up of circumcised men, and whose role is both ritual and political within Dogon society. The Awa Society takes an important role in Dogon religious affairs, and regularly preside over funereally rites and the ''dama'' ceremony—a ritual ceremony that marks the end of bereavement in Dogon country ( fr ).Ezra, Kate, ''Art of the Dogon: Selections from the Lester Wunderman Collection'', Metropolitan Museum of Art (1988), pp. 23–25, (retrieved March 3, 2020/ref> This Society is one of the important aspect of Dogon religious life—which is primarily based on the worship of the single Omnipotence, omnipotent, omniscient and omnipresent Creator God Amma and the veneration of the ancestors. Although it is only one aspect of Dogon's religious sects, it is perhaps more well known than the others partly due to Dogon mask–d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yaboyabo
Yaboyabo (Serer language, Serer, variations : ''Yaabo-Yabo'', ''Yabo Yabo'', ''YABO-YABO'' or ''Yabo-Yabo'') is an ancient village in the Rural communities of Senegal, rural community of Séssène (var : ''Sessene''), in the Thies Region of Senegal. Yabo Yabo iPEPAM(Retrieved : 25 June 2012)Yaboyabo, Senegal Page [inFallingrain map/ref> History and religious status Linked to Serer creation myth, Serer mythology and Serer religion, religion and deemed one of the :Serer holy places, Serer holy sites, Yaboyabo is one of the oldest villages in Senegal.Henry Gravrand, Gravrand, Henry, "La Civilisation Sereer - Pangool", vol. 2. Les Nouvelles Editions Africaines du Senegal (1990), pp 205-8, According to the Serer creation myth, Yaboyabo takes its name from the first human couple (YAAB and YOP, var : ''YAAB'' and ''YOB'') created by the supreme being Roog (or Koox among the Cangin languages, Cangin).Genesis of YAAB & YOP » narrated by « Armand Diouf » of Ndimaag (Senegal), [in] Gravr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toloy
Toloy is the name given to the first occupantsBedaux, Rogier Michiel Alphons, « Tellem, reconnaissance archéologique d'une culture de l'Ouest africain au Moyen Âge : recherches architectoniques », ''Journal de la Société des Africanistes'' (1974), nº 42, nPersée(retrieved March 15, 2020) of the Bandiagara Escarpment in Mali. Since the 15th century, this area has been known as Dogon country. The people were named after the rocky channel located near Sangha, where the remains of this population were found. Evidence of their culture includes granaries, skeletal remains, pottery, and plants. Carbon-14 dating has established these artifacts as possibly of 3rd and 2nd centuries BC. The architecture of their granaries is quite specific to the area. They are formed of superimposed clay strands. This contrasts with the mud bricks used by the Tellem people who occupied the Bandiagara cliff from the 11th until the 16th centuries, Tarlow, Sarah; Stutz, Liv Nilsson; ''The Oxford H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tellem
The Tellem (meaning: "those who were before us" or "We found them" in the Dogon languageBedaux, Rogier M. A., ''Tellem, reconnaissance archéologique d'une culture de l'Ouest africain au Moyen Age : recherches architectoniques'', Journal de la Société des Africanistes, V. 42, 1972 , p. 61 (PDF/ref>Huib Blom, ''Dogon'', huib blom (2010), p. 24,/ref>) were the people who inhabited the Bandiagara Escarpment in Mali between the 11th and 16th centuries CE. The Dogon people migrated to the escarpment region around the 14th century. In the rock cells of this red cliff, clay constructions shelter the bones of the Tellem as well as vestiges witnessing to their civilization, which existed well before that of the Dogons. Etymology The Dogon use the name "Tellem" (= ''Temmem'') to describe the people who lived on the cliff before them. The literal meaning of this word is: "We found them". The name has a much broader meaning among the Dogon, both in place and in time, than "Tellem" in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lebe (Dogon)
The Lebe or Lewe ( fr. Lébé) is a Dogon religious, secret institution and primordial ancestor, who arose from a serpent. According to Dogon cosmogony, Lebe is the reincarnation of the first Dogon ancestor who, resurrected in the form of a snake, guided the Dogons from the Mandé to the cliff of Bandiagara where they are found today. This Lebe sect is one of the important facets of Dogon religion, based on ancestor veneration as well as the worship of the creator god Amma. This practice of traditional African religion takes four forms: #the veneration of Lebe, #the veneration of Binou, #the veneration of souls, and #the "Society of the Masks" (the Awa society) Dogon religion posits that it was through Amma's powers which brought forth the creation of the universe, matter, and the biological processes of reproduction. Asante, Molefi Kete; Mazama, Ama; ''Encyclopedia of African Religion, Volume 1'', SAGE (2009), pp. 40–41, (retrieved March 16, 2020/ref> With a complex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Binou (Dogon Religion)
The Binou (or Binou cult) is a Dogon totemic, religious order and secret ceremonial practice which venerates the immortal ancestors. It can also mean a water serpent or protector of a family or clan in Dogon.Bouju, Jacky, ''Graine de l'homme, enfant du mil'', Société d'éthnologie (1984), pp. 33–4, 218,/ref> It is one of the four tenets of Dogon religion—an African spirituality among the Dogon people of Mali. Although the Dogons' "Society of the Masks" (the Awa Society) is more well known, due in part to Dogon mask–dance culture which attracts huge tourism, it is only one aspect of Dogon religion, which apart from the worship of the Creator God Amma, a rather distant and abstract deity in the Dogon world-view, is above all made up of ancestor veneration (the four aspects of that practice). The Binou serves as one of the four aspects of Dogon religion's ancestor veneration. Other than the Binou and the worship of Amma, the other three aspects of the religion includ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toguna
A toguna (or palaver hut), also written as ''togu'na'' or ''togu na'' (meaning "great shelter") is a public building erected by the Dogon people in the West African country of Mali Mali (; ), officially the Republic of Mali,, , ff, 𞤈𞤫𞤲𞥆𞤣𞤢𞥄𞤲𞤣𞤭 𞤃𞤢𞥄𞤤𞤭, Renndaandi Maali, italics=no, ar, جمهورية مالي, Jumhūriyyāt Mālī is a landlocked country in West Africa. Ma .... Togunas are usually located in the center of the village. Togunas are built with a very low roof, with the express purpose of forcing visitors to sit rather than stand. This helps with avoiding violence when discussions get heated. They are used by the village elders to discuss problems of the community, but can also serve as a place for customary law. In practice, the toguna is used as a general gathering spot in the center of the village, offering shade and relief from the midday heat, where the village elders spend the hottest hours of the day talk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toro So
Escarpment Dogon is a continuum of Dogon dialects of the Bandiagara Escarpment, including the standard language. There are three principal dialects: *Toro So ''Tɔrɔ sɔɔ'', called ''Bomu Tegu'' in the plains languages and also known as ''Dɔgɔsɔ'', is the standard variety of Dogon, which is one of thirteen official languages of Mali. *Tommo So '' Tɔmmɔ sɔ'', called ''Tombo so'' by Bondum Dom speakers, is spoken in a region from Kasa to Bandiagara. It is more linguistically conservative than Toro So. The third dialect commonly listed is two subdialects without a common name: *Donno So ''Donno sɔ'' in the Bandiagara area, and *Kamma So ''Kamma sɔ'' also known as ''Kamba So'', in the Kamba area. Hochstetler confirms that these are intelligible with each other, but not with the more populous varieties of Dogon on the neighboring plains. While Toro So was chosen as the official standard, because it has the most in common with the largest number of Dogon languages du ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Regions Of Mali
Since 2016, Mali has been divided into ten regions and one capital district. A reorganization of the country from eight to nineteen regions was passed into law in 2012, but of the new regions, only Taoudénit (partitioned from Tombouctou Region) and Ménaka (formerly Ménaka Cercle in Gao Region) have begun to be implemented. Each of the regions bears the name of its capital. The regions are divided into 56 cercles. The cercles and the capital district are divided into 703 communes. Demographics The most populated region is Sikasso with 2.648 million people, and the least most populated is Kidal with just 38 thousand people. Geography Five regions are composed of mainly desert, however, they also have half the country's land mass. The largest region is Taoudénit and the smallest is Ségou, excluding Bamako. Regions The regions are numbered, originally west to east, with Roman numerals. The capital Bamako is administered separately and is in its own district. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
