|
STANAG 4007
A number of standards specific to military organizations exist for trailer connectors, the electrical connectors between vehicles and the trailers they tow that provide a means of control for the trailers. These can be found on surplus equipment sold for civilian use. NATO NATO uses a 12-pin connector according to Standardization Agreement, STANAG 4007. However, note that there are often deviations from the standard depending on which country it is applied, which means that the table below may not be accurate. The following supplementary information exists for the connector: Some documentation indicates that the terminal A, C and H must be interconnected, this will conflict with the definition of Blackout and Convoy modes according to Standardization Agreement, STANAG 4007 when these pins have different purposes. To clarify: * Pin A is for activation of so-called Blackout Mode. It turns off all the lights except convoy lighting if it is active. The lighting inside the vehi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trailer Connector
A trailer connector is a multi-pole electrical connector between a towing vehicle such as a car or truck and a trailer. It is intended primarily to supply automotive lighting on the trailer, but also provide management and supply to other consumers. It is also referred to as "trailer wire," "trailer cable," or "trailer connecting cable." Another feature the connector offers is feedback from the trailer to the towing vehicle, from being as simple as a fault indication for ABS brakes to advanced command, monitor and control using CAN bus for EBS brakes. Different occurring variants and their recommended wiring are described here. Note that the wire cross-section in mm² and AWG listed is the minimum recommended area. * For ISO connectors the primary unit is in mm² and AWG has been obtained from a conversion table. * For North American connectors primary unit is AWG and mm² has been obtained from a conversion table. In both cases the figures have been rounded up for cable are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NATO Stanag 4007
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO, ; french: Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord, ), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between 30 member states – 28 European and two North American. Established in the aftermath of World War II, the organization implemented the North Atlantic Treaty, signed in Washington, D.C., on 4 April 1949. NATO is a collective security system: its independent member states agree to defend each other against attacks by third parties. During the Cold War, NATO operated as a check on the perceived threat posed by the Soviet Union. The alliance remained in place after the dissolution of the Soviet Union and has been involved in military operations in the Balkans, the Middle East, South Asia, and Africa. The organization's motto is ''animus in consulendo liber'' (Latin for "a mind unfettered in deliberation"). NATO's main headquarters are located in Brussels, Belgium, while NATO's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Standardization Agreement
In NATO, a standardization agreement (STANAG, redundantly: STANAG agreement) defines processes, procedures, terms, and conditions for common military or technical procedures or equipment between the member countries of the alliance. Each NATO state ratifies a STANAG and implements it within its own military. The purpose is to provide common operational and administrative procedures and logistics, so one member nation's military may use the stores and support of another member's military. STANAGs also form the basis for technical interoperability between a wide variety of communication and information systems (CIS) essential for NATO and Allied operations. The Allied Data Publication 34 (ADatP-34) NATO Interoperability Standards and Profiles which is covered by STANAG 5524, maintains a catalogue of relevant information and communication technology standards. STANAGs are published in English and French, the two official languages of NATO, by the NATO Standardization Office in Bru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Automotive Lighting
The lighting system of a motor vehicle consists of lighting and signalling devices mounted to or integrated into the front, rear, sides, and in some cases the top of a motor vehicle. They illuminate the road ahead for the driver and increase the vehicle's visibility, allowing other drivers and pedestrians to see its presence, position, size, direction of travel, and its driver's intentions. Emergency vehicles usually have distinctive lighting equipment to warn drivers and indicate priority of movement in traffic. History Early road vehicles used fuelled lamps before the availability of electric lighting. The Ford Model T used carbide lamps for headlights and oil lamps for tail lights. It did not have all-electric lighting as a standard feature until several years after its introduction. Dynamos for automobile headlights were first fitted around 1908 and became commonplace in 1920s automobiles. Silent film star Florence Lawrence is often credited with designing the first " ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blackout Light
Blackout lights are head and tail lamps that are equipped with special lenses that are designed to cast a diffused horizontal beam of light for the driver of the vehicle to navigate with, and drivers of other vehicles to spot the vehicle with. In the military, they are intended for use when driving a convoy at night when it is necessary for the vehicles to maintain concealment by limiting their ability to be seen by the enemy. Types Blackout driving lights Blackout driving lights are mounted on the driver's side of the vehicle, typically on the fender or grille. They give off a diffused beam of white light that takes the place of regular headlights when driving under blackout conditions. It is intended to give off just enough light for the driver to make their way. Blackout driving lights are also hooded, making the light only able to be seen when looking up at it. With the use of night vision goggles the effectiveness of the blackout driving light can be increased. Bl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ground (electricity)
In electrical engineering, ground or earth is a reference point in an electrical circuit from which voltages are measured, a common return path for electric current, or a direct physical connection to the Earth. Electrical circuits may be connected to ground for several reasons. Exposed conductive parts of electrical equipment are connected to ground, to protect users from electrical shock hazard. If internal insulation fails, dangerous voltages may appear on the exposed conductive parts. Connecting exposed parts to ground will allow circuit breakers (or RCDs) to interrupt power supply in the event of a fault. In electric power distribution systems, a protective earth (PE) conductor is an essential part of the safety provided by the earthing system. Connection to ground also limits the build-up of static electricity when handling flammable products or electrostatic-sensitive devices. In some telegraph and power transmission circuits, the ground itself can be used as one condu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trailer Connector
A trailer connector is a multi-pole electrical connector between a towing vehicle such as a car or truck and a trailer. It is intended primarily to supply automotive lighting on the trailer, but also provide management and supply to other consumers. It is also referred to as "trailer wire," "trailer cable," or "trailer connecting cable." Another feature the connector offers is feedback from the trailer to the towing vehicle, from being as simple as a fault indication for ABS brakes to advanced command, monitor and control using CAN bus for EBS brakes. Different occurring variants and their recommended wiring are described here. Note that the wire cross-section in mm² and AWG listed is the minimum recommended area. * For ISO connectors the primary unit is in mm² and AWG has been obtained from a conversion table. * For North American connectors primary unit is AWG and mm² has been obtained from a conversion table. In both cases the figures have been rounded up for cable are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trailer Connectors In Australia
A number of standards prevail in Australia for trailer connectors, the electrical connectors between vehicles and the trailers they tow that provide a means of control for the trailers. The Australian market uses its own version of especially the European contacts, but also completely own contacts. The only connector used on the Australian market that is fully ISO standard conformant is the 7-pin ABS / EBS plug. Since Australia has vehicles from both the North American market and the European market there is a mixture of 12V and 24V. 7-pin trailer connector (AS 4735) for heavy duty vehicles This connector is based on both SAE J560 and ISO 1185 and is providing either 12V, 7 x 40A or 24V, 7 x 20A. The voltage varies from vehicle to vehicle. Round trailer connectors Type 1 These connectors are based on ISO 1724 in 5-pin and 7-pin versions, but with some difference in the wiring. Round 7-pin trailer connector Type 1 (AS 2513) This contact has chosen to use one of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trailer Connectors In Europe
A number of standards prevail in Europe for trailer connectors, the electrical connectors between vehicles and the trailers they tow that provide a means of control for the trailers. 7 and 13-pin connectors The 13-pin (ISO 11446) version being phased in is newer, provides more services than the 7-pin (ISO 1724) , a more positive locking and also better protection against moisture and contamination. File:Anhängersteckdose 12v 7-polig.jpg, 7-pin connectors (ISO 1724) File:Anhängersteckdose 12v 13-polig.jpg, 13-pin connectors (ISO 11446) NEN 6120—Connectors based on ISO 1724 Multicon Feder and Multicon WeSt (Welt Standard) connectors are precursors to ISO 11446 in a design that is intended to be compatible with ISO 1724. This means that if a towing vehicle has an outlet of this type it should be able to connect a trailer with a standard 7-pin or 5-pin connector according to ISO 1724, provided that the trailer coupling follows the standard and that the tra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ISO Standards For Trailer Connectors
A number of ISO standards cover trailer connectors, the electrical connectors between vehicles and the trailers they tow that provide a means of control for the trailers. These are listed below, with notes on significant deviations from them that can cause problems. Trailer connectors between the trailer and passenger car, light truck or heavy trucks with 12V systems In Europe, both 7-pin (ISO 1724) and 13-pin (ISO 11446) are common. The 13-pin version being phased in is newer, provides more services than the 7-pin, a more positive locking and also better protection against moisture and contamination. The connectors are designed for 12V systems. Exceptions for the 7-pin connector may exist where they may be used for 6V and 24V. Vehicles and trailers with 6V systems can use the 7-pin or a 5-pin connector, but these are rare today. Heavy trucks that may have 12V systems are usually older (vintage vehicles) or on non-European markets. The color coding is defined in ISO 4141-3, but ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trailer Connectors In North America
A number of standards prevail in North America, or parts of it, for trailer connectors, the electrical connectors between vehicles and the trailers they tow that provide a means of control for the trailers. Introduction In North American, but most commonly the USA market, it is very common for brake lights and turn signals to be combined. On cars and light trucks (listed below as Light Vehicles) there is no formal standard, instead there is an accepted standard. However, you can not be entirely sure until you have measured the current connector on the vehicle and trailer that they fit each other. Heavy Vehicles are standardized through SAE J560 which is similar to ISO 1185. Note that different color coding can be used for certain functions, which means that you can not trust the colors mentioned here without measuring the contact and wiring from case to case. In some cases - as in the flat 4-pin or 5-pin connector - it is fairly obvious which color that is connected to which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
