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SS Gwendolen
SS ''Gwendolen'' (sometimes misspelled ''Guendolen'' and ''Gwendolyn'') was a British steamship on Lake Nyasa that fought in the first naval action of World War I against the German steamship '' Hermann von Wissman'' which it caught on a slipway at Sphinxhafen, now known as Liuli. The 350-ton vessel was launched at Fort Johnston in 1899, and named after Lady Gwendolen Cecil, the then 29-year-old unmarried daughter of the Marquess of Salisbury. In 1907 the ''Gwendolen'' was the largest of three vessels formerly used as gunboats, the others being the and the ''Queen Victoria'', with four civilian steamers on the lake. From 1914 she was commanded by Captain Edmund Rhoades, who attacked the ''Hermann von Wissman'', the vessel of his friend and former drinking partner Captain Berndt, by surprise, with Berndt having been unaware that war had started. William Percival Johnson later recalled that Captain Berndt, who had been master of the German vessel for its original purpose as an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nyasaland
Nyasaland () was a British protectorate located in Africa that was established in 1907 when the former British Central Africa Protectorate changed its name. Between 1953 and 1963, Nyasaland was part of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland. After the Federation was dissolved, Nyasaland became independent from Britain on 6 July 1964 and was renamed Malawi. Nyasaland's history was marked by the massive loss of African communal lands in the early colonial period. In January 1915, the Reverend John Chilembwe staged an attempt at rebellion in protest at discrimination against Africans. Colonial authorities reassessed some of their policies. From the 1930s, a growing class of educated African elite, many educated in the United Kingdom, became increasingly politically active and vocal about gaining independence. They established associations and, after 1944, the Nyasaland African Congress (NAC). When Nyasaland was forced in 1953 into a Federation with Southern and Northern Rho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flag Of Nyasaland (1919–1925)
The flag of Malawi (Chichewa: ''mbendera ya Malaŵi'') was officially adopted on 6 July 1964 when the colony of Nyasaland became independent from British rule and renamed itself Malawi. Design The first flag of independent Malawi was adopted on 6 July 1964. A rising sun against a black field is also present in the coat of arms of Malawi and in the flag it officially represents the dawn of hope and freedom for the continent of Africa (when the flag was created, more countries in Africa were gaining independence from European rule). The 31 rays of the sun represent the fact that Malawi was the 31st African nation at the time of its independence. The black represents the indigenous people of the continent, the red symbolises the blood of their struggle, and the green represents nature. The flag resembles the Pan-African flag designed by Marcus Garvey's Universal Negro Improvement Association, with the red and black bands reversed and a red sun at the top. It also resembles the fl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lake Nyasa
Lake Malawi, also known as Lake Nyasa in Tanzania and Lago Niassa in Mozambique, is an African Great Lake and the southernmost lake in the East African Rift system, located between Malawi, Mozambique and Tanzania. It is the fifth largest fresh water lake in the world by volume, the ninth largest lake in the world by area—and the third largest and second deepest lake in Africa. Lake Malawi is home to more species of fish than any other lake in the world, including at least 700 species of cichlids.Turner, Seehausen, Knight, Allender, and Robinson (2001). "How many species of cichlid fishes are there in African lakes?" ''Molecular Ecology'' 10: 793–806. The Mozambique portion of the lake was officially declared a reserve by the Government of Mozambique on June 10, 2011,WWF (10 June 2011)"Mozambique’s Lake Niassa declared reserve and Ramsar site"Retrieved 17 July 2014. while in Malawi a portion of the lake is included in Lake Malawi National Park. Lake Malawi is a meromic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War I
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fighting occurring throughout Europe, the Middle East, Africa, the Pacific, and parts of Asia. An estimated 9 million soldiers were killed in combat, plus another 23 million wounded, while 5 million civilians died as a result of military action, hunger, and disease. Millions more died in genocides within the Ottoman Empire and in the 1918 influenza pandemic, which was exacerbated by the movement of combatants during the war. Prior to 1914, the European great powers were divided between the Triple Entente (comprising France, Russia, and Britain) and the Triple Alliance (containing Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy). Tensions in the Balkans came to a head on 28 June 1914, following the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hermann Von Wissmann (steamship)
''Hermann von Wissmann'' was a German steamer on Lake Nyasa named after the German explorer Hermann von Wissmann who had raised funds for the vessel to be built in 1890 as an anti-slavery gunboat. The attack of the British lake-steamer on ''Hermann von Wissmann'' while it was on a slipway at Liuli, was the first naval action of World War I. The British disabled the vessel briefly in 1914, then in 1915 completely put the vessel out of action. ''Hermann von Wissmann'' had a smaller sister vessel, named after Wissmann's wife, , on Lake Tanganyika.Reports on the administration of Rhodesia: 1889/92-1900/02 British South Africa Company - 1899 "The German steamer " Hedwig von Wissmann " is already launched and has been under steam. Although built and controlled by the German Government this vessel, like her sister ship the " Hermann von Wissmann " on Lake Nyasa, ." This smaller vessel was involved in the exploits of Geoffrey Spicer-Simson which were the basis of ''The African Queen'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liuli
Liuli, formerly known as Sphinx Hafen (german: Sphinxhafen), is a settlement on the Tanzanian shore of Lake Malawi in the Mbinga District of Ruvuma province. It is notable for being the site of the first naval action of World War I. The sphinx rocks The settlement is distinguished on the lake shore by a sphinx-like series of 7 rocks lying offshore. The rocks indicate deep water, leading to its development by the Germans as a ship repair base. The Anglican missionary William Percival Johnson described the rocks as follows: 1914–18: Sphinxhafen in the war on Lake Nyasa On 13 August 1914, in the first naval action of World War I, the British lake steamer gunboat SS Gwendolen, HMS ''Gwendolen'' caught the German armed steamer on a slipway at Sphinxhafen. The German steamship was named after the explorer Hermann Wissmann, Hermann von Wissmann who raised funds for the vessel as an anti-slavery gunboat in 1890. HMS ''Gwendolen'' commenced bombarding the German port. The King's African ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Warship International
A warship or combatant ship is a naval ship that is built and primarily intended for naval warfare. Usually they belong to the armed forces of a state. As well as being armed, warships are designed to withstand damage and are usually faster and more maneuverable than merchant ships. Unlike a merchant ship, which carries cargo, a warship typically carries only weapons, ammunition and supplies for its crew. Warships usually belong to a navy, though they have also been operated by individuals, cooperatives and corporations. In wartime, the distinction between warships and merchant ships is often blurred. In war, merchant ships are often armed and used as auxiliary warships, such as the Q-ships of the First World War and the armed merchant cruisers of the Second World War. Until the 17th century it was common for merchant ships to be pressed into naval service and not unusual for more than half a fleet to be composed of merchant ships. Until the threat of piracy subsided in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Naval Research Organization
The International Naval Research Organization was founded in 1964 and incorporated in the US state of Massachusetts. The organization is the publisher of the quarterly magazine, ''Warship International''; the journal is mainly about warships in the era of iron and steel (about 1860 to date). The International Naval Research Organization is a non-profit organization. ''Warship International'' ''Warship International'' is a quarterly magazine published by the International Naval Research Organization that was established in 1964. It publishes articles about various type of warships, especially since the advent of ironclad warships (1860–onwards), with a focus on ship designs (armor, armaments, etc.) and careers, but does not cover mercantile vessels or naval battle Naval warfare is combat in and on the sea, the ocean, or any other battlespace involving a major body of water such as a large lake or wide river. Mankind has fought battles on the sea for more than 3,000 years. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fort Johnston (Malawi)
Mangochi is a township in the Southern Region of Malawi. Located near the southern end of Lake Malawi, in colonial times it used to be called Fort Johnston. As of 2018 it has a population of 53,498. History Mangochi was founded by colonial administrator Sir Harry Johnston in the 1890s as a British colonial defence post on the littoral plain of the Shire River's western shore. After this, Fort Johnston – as the town was then known – was an important slave market and administrative centre. The British gunboat ''Gwendolen'', named after Lady Gwendolen Gascoyne-Cecil, daughter of the 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, was built in Mangochi in 1897. At , it was the largest ship to sail on Lake Malawi until being scrapped shortly after World War II. The gunboat, operated by the Protectorate of Nyasaland, is said to have fought the first naval battle of the First World War when it defeated the German vessel ''Hermann von Wissmann'' in August 1914. Rioting in June 2003 injured thr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lady Gwendolen Gascoyne-Cecil
Lady Gwendolen Georgiana Gascoyne-Cecil (28 July 1860 – 28 September 1945) was a British author who wrote a four-volume biography of her father, Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, entitled ''Life of Robert, Marquis of Salisbury''. She also wrote a short story called ''The Little Ray'' for the August 1894 edition of Pall Mall Magazine. Lady Gwendolen was born in 1860, the daughter of Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, and his wife, the former Georgina Alderson. In 1878 British Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli stayed at her family home and he wrote to Queen Victoria Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria; 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until Death and state funeral of Queen Victoria, her death in 1901. Her reign of 63 years and 21 ... that he had rarely met (referring to Gwendolen and her sister) "more intelligent and agreeable women.." In October 2017, author Johnny Mains revealed Lady Gwen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess Of Salisbury
Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury (; 3 February 183022 August 1903) was a British statesman and Conservative politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom three times for a total of over thirteen years. He was also Foreign Secretary for much of his tenure, and during his last two years of office he was Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal. He avoided alignments or alliances, maintaining the policy of "splendid isolation". Lord Robert Cecil, also known as Lord Salisbury, was first elected to the House of Commons in 1854 and served as Secretary of State for India in Lord Derby's Conservative government 1866–1867. In 1874, under Disraeli, Salisbury returned as Secretary of State for India, and, in 1878, was appointed foreign secretary, and played a leading part in the Congress of Berlin. After Disraeli's death in 1881, Salisbury emerged as Conservative leader in the House of Lords, with Sir Stafford Northcote leading the party in the Comm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Percival Johnson
William Percival Johnson (12 March 1854 in St Helens, Isle of Wight – October 1928 in Liuli, Tanganyika) was an Anglican missionary to Nyasaland. After education at Bedford School (1863–1873) and graduation from University College, Oxford, he went to Africa with the Universities' Mission to Central Africa, under the Bishop Edward Steere. He translated the Bible into the Likoma Island dialect of Chinyanja, under the title ' which was published in 1912. Together with another Universities' Mission missionary, Arthur Glossop (1867-1949), he also translated the Book of Common Prayer into Chinyanja (1897, revised 1909). Johnson also published two other books: ''Nyasa, the Great Water, being a Description of the Lake and the Life of the People'' (Oxford University Press, 1922) and ''My African Reminiscences'', 1875-1895 (London: Universities Mission to Central Africa, 1925). He died at Liuli, Mbinga District, on the shores of what is today the Tanzanian side of Lake Malawi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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