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Swiss Swedish Origin Legend
In legend and in the early historiography of Switzerland there is an account of a migration of a population of Swedes and Frisians settling in the Swiss Alps, specifically in Schwyz and in Hasli (''Schwedensage''). Medieval legend The legend is discussed in Ericus Olai's '' Chronica regni Gothorum'' (c. 1470). Olai notes that the Swiss (''Svitenses'') claimed to be descended from " Swedes or Goths". Olai also notes the similarity in toponymy, ''Swycia, quasi Suecia''. This is reflected in a late-15th-century gloss from Reichenau reading ''Suecia, alias Helvicia, inde Helvici, id est Suetones.'' A near-contemporary record is that of Petermann Etterlin, who wrote in the 1470s (printed as ''Chronicle of the Swiss Confederation'' in 1507). Etterlin telling the legend refers to "the Swedes, who are now called the Switzer" () presents an eponymous founder, one ''Suit'' (''Swit, Schwyt, Switer''), leader of the migrating Swedes, who defeated his brother ''Scheyg'' in single combat in a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legend
A legend is a Folklore genre, genre of folklore that consists of a narrative featuring human actions, believed or perceived, both by teller and listeners, to have taken place in human history. Narratives in this genre may demonstrate human values, and possess certain qualities that give the tale verisimilitude (literature), verisimilitude. Legend, for its active and passive participants may include miracles. Legends may be transformed over time to keep them fresh and vital. Many legends operate within the realm of uncertainty, never being entirely believed by the participants, but also never being resolutely doubted. Legends are sometimes distinguished from myths in that they concern human beings as the main characters rather than gods, and sometimes in that they have some sort of historical basis whereas myths generally do not. The Brothers Grimm defined ''legend'' as "Folklore, folktale historically grounded". A by-product of the "concern with human beings" is the long list o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reich
''Reich'' (; ) is a German language, German noun whose meaning is analogous to the meaning of the English word "realm"; this is not to be confused with the German adjective "reich" which means "rich". The terms ' (literally the "realm of an emperor") and ' (literally the "realm of a king") are respectively used in German in reference to empires and kingdoms. The ''Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary'' indicates that in English usage, the term "Third Reich, the Reich" refers to "Germany during the period of Nazi control from 1933 to 1945". The term ''German Reich, Deutsches Reich'' (sometimes translated to "German Empire") continued to be used even after the collapse of the German Empire and the German Revolution of 1918-1919, abolition of the monarchy in 1918. There was no emperor, but many Germans had imperialistic ambitions. According to Richard J. Evans: The continued use of the term 'German Empire', ''Deutsches Reich,'' by the Weimar Republic ... conjured up an image ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albrecht Von Bonstetten
Albrecht von Bonstetten (c. 1443-c. 1504) was a Swiss humanist of the later 15th century. A member of the baronial ''von Bonstetten'' family, he entered Einsiedeln Abbey at a young age, and after studies in Fribourg and Basel he returned to Einsiedeln and was made deacon in 1469. He studied canon law at Pavia and was ordained a priest in 1474, and he received the title of ''doctor utriusque iuris'' from Emperor Maximilian in 1498. He published a biography on Nicholas of Flüe called ''Historia fratris Nicholai'' in 1479. He is the author of a number of religious and historiographical works in Latin. His ''Superioris Germaniae Confoederationis descriptio'' (written in 1479) is the oldest geographic description of the Old Swiss Confederacy (called by von Bonstetten the "Upper German Confederacy"; the adoption of the name of ''Schwyz'' developed after his time). The work was presented to the king of France and the Doge of Venice in 1479, and was combined with a description of Bur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alemanni
The Alemanni or Alamanni, were a confederation of Germanic tribes * * * on the Upper Rhine River. First mentioned by Cassius Dio in the context of the campaign of Caracalla of 213, the Alemanni captured the in 260, and later expanded into present-day Alsace, and northern Switzerland, leading to the establishment of the Old High German language in those regions, by the eighth century named '' Alamannia''. In 496, the Alemanni were conquered by Frankish leader Clovis and incorporated into his dominions. Mentioned as still pagan allies of the Christian Franks, the Alemanni were gradually Christianized during the seventh century. The is a record of their customary law during this period. Until the eighth century, Frankish suzerainty over Alemannia was mostly nominal. After an uprising by Theudebald, Duke of Alamannia, though, Carloman executed the Alamannic nobility and installed Frankish dukes. During the later and weaker years of the Carolingian Empire, the Alemannic co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cimbri
The Cimbri (Greek Κίμβροι, ''Kímbroi''; Latin ''Cimbri'') were an ancient tribe in Europe. Ancient authors described them variously as a Celtic people (or Gaulish), Germanic people, or even Cimmerian. Several ancient sources indicate that they lived in Jutland, which in some classical texts was called the Cimbrian peninsula. There is no direct evidence for the language they spoke, though some scholars argue that it must have been a Germanic language, while others argue that it must have been Celtic. Together with the Teutones and the Ambrones, they fought the Roman Republic between 113 and 101 BC during the Cimbrian War. The Cimbri were initially successful, particularly at the Battle of Arausio, in which a large Roman army was routed. They then raided large areas in Gaul and Hispania. In 101 BC, during an attempted invasion of the Italian peninsula, the Cimbri were decisively defeated at the Battle of Vercellae by Gaius Marius, and their king, Boiorix, was killed. So ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Talschaft
In Swiss politics and the history of the Old Swiss Confederacy, a is the body of voting population in a certain valley (as it were English '' dale -ship''). The grouping of voters by valley rather than municipality is a tradition harking back to before the establishment of the current administrative divisions with the foundation of Switzerland as a federal state in 1848. A will typically include voters of several municipalities. For example, the of Lauterbrunnen Valley includes the voting population of the municipalities of Lauterbrunnen, Wengen, Mürren, Stechelberg, Gimmelwald and Isenfluh. Similarly, the of Hasli consists of six municipalities, Gadmen, Guttannen, Hasliberg, Innertkirchen, Meiringen and Schattenhalb. In this case, the is coterminous with the Bernese district of Oberhasli. Historically, is the traditional German translation of the Latin term in the Federal Charter of 1291, literally 'the people of the valley'. Thus, the enumeration of the Confederates, : ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Martin Zeiller
Martin Zeiler (also ''Zeiller'', born 17 April 1589 in Ranten, died 6 October 1661 in Ulm) was a Baroque era German author. Zeiler's father was an exile from Upper Styria, forced to emigrate due to his protestant confession. Zeiler was schooled in Ulm, moving to Wittenberg in 1608 to study jurisprudence and history. He worked several jobs as private teacher and notary. He lived in Ulm from 1629, working as teacher and inspector at local schools. Zeiler was very productive as an author, meeting the template of the Baroque polyhistor. The Ulm city library lists 90 works authored by Zeiler. His productivity was recognized by his contemporaries; Georg Philipp Harsdörffer mentions ''Herrn Zeillers'' proverbial industriousness in one of his poems. Zeiler is best known for his contribution to Matthäus Merian's ''Topographia Germaniae'' (16 vol., 1642–1654). Works see :wikisource:de:Martin Zeiller * (Trad.) François de Rosset: ''Theatrum tragicum ... in die Teutsche Sprache ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gallo-Roman
Gallo-Roman culture was a consequence of the Romanization of Gauls under the rule of the Roman Empire. It was characterized by the Gaulish adoption or adaptation of Roman culture, language, morals and way of life in a uniquely Gaulish context. The well-studied meld of cultures in Gaul gives historians a model against which to compare and contrast parallel developments of Romanization in other, less-studied Roman provinces. ''Interpretatio romana'' offered Roman names for Gaulish deities such as the smith-god Gobannus, but of Celtic deities only the horse-patroness Epona penetrated Romanized cultures beyond the confines of Gaul. The barbarian invasions beginning in the late third century forced upon Gallo-Roman culture fundamental changes in politics, in the economic underpinning, in military organization. The Gothic settlement of 418 offered a double loyalty, as Western Roman authority disintegrated at Rome. The plight of the highly Romanized governing class is examined by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unterwalden
Unterwalden, translated from the Latin ''inter silvas''(''between the forests''), is the old name of a forest-canton of the Old Swiss Confederacy in central Switzerland, south of Lake Lucerne, consisting of two valleys or ''Talschaften'', now two separate Swiss cantons (or two half-cantons), Obwalden and Nidwalden. The name ''Unterwalden'' is first recorded in 1304, as the translation of Latin ''inter silvas'', which together with ''in intramontanis'' was the name for monastery possessions in the area. In 1291, Rudolf I of Germany purchased the estates at Stans, Alpnach and Giswil. From 1304, the local bailiffs used their own seal. In 1309, Henry VII confirmed the imperial immediacy of the territory of Unterwalden as part of the imperial bailiwick of ''Waldstätte'' (but not as a political entity in its own right). The Federal Charter, internally dated 1291, is thought to originate at this time. In the text, Unterwalden figures as ''communitas hominum Intramontanorum Vallis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Migration Period
The Migration Period was a period in European history marked by large-scale migrations that saw the fall of the Western Roman Empire and subsequent settlement of its former territories by various tribes, and the establishment of the post-Roman kingdoms. The term refers to the important role played by the migration, invasion, and settlement of various tribes, notably the Franks, Goths, Alemanni, Alans, Huns, early Slavs, Pannonian Avars, Magyars, and Bulgars within or into the former Western Empire and Eastern Europe. The period is traditionally taken to have begun in AD 375 (possibly as early as 300) and ended in 568. Various factors contributed to this phenomenon of migration and invasion, and their role and significance are still widely discussed. Historians differ as to the dates for the beginning and ending of the Migration Period. The beginning of the period is widely regarded as the invasion of Europe by the Huns from Asia in about 375 and the ending with the conq ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Waldstätte
' (, "forested sites") is a term which has been used since the early thirteenth century to refer to the (singular: , "sites"), or later ''Ort'' (plural: , "place") or (plural: , "estate") of the early confederate allies of Uri, Schwyz and Unterwalden in today's Central Switzerland. From the 13th to 19th centuries, the term also synoptically referred to the nucleus of the Swiss Confederacy of Uri, Schwyz and Unterwalden; later, the term was gradually replaced by the term . The term ("forest; woods") is to be understood in contrast to , the former in Middle High German terminology referring to cultivated land of alternating pastures, fields and woods, while the latter referred to deep, uncultivated forests (). History The Middle High German terms or (in the sense of "forested site/settlement") is also used alongside (modern , or "town, city", in the sense of a powerful, possibly protected settlement with special rights) and (modern , in the sense of rural countrysides) in r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aegidius Tschudi
Aegidius (or Giles or Glig) Tschudi (5 February 150528 February 1572) was a Swiss statesman and historian, an eminent member of the Tschudi family of Glarus, Switzerland. His best known work is the Chronicon Helveticum, a history of the early Swiss Confederation. Statesman and historian Having served his native land in various offices, in 1558 he became the chief magistrate or ''Landarnmann'', and in 1559 was ennobled by the Emperor Ferdinand, to whom he had been sent as ambassador. Originally inclined to moderation, he became later in life more and more devoted to the cause of the Counter-Reformation. It is, however, as the historian of the Swiss Confederation that he is best known. He collected material for three major works, which have never wholly lost their value, though his researches have been largely corrected. In 1538 his book on Rhaetia, written in 1528, was published in Latin and in German: ''De prisca ac vera Alpina Rhætia'', or ''Die uralt warhafftig Alpisch Rhæ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
