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Su'ad Al-Fatih Al-Badawi
Su'ad al-Fatih Mohammed al-Badawi (1 January 1932 – 23 December 2022) was a Sudanese academic, politician, and journalist. She was known both for her advocacy of women's rights and for her support of Islamism. Al-Badawi held degrees from the University of Khartoum and the School of Oriental and African Studies in London, and became a professor of Arabic at Omdurman Islamic University in 1980. Her association with Islamism began in the 1950s, when she was one of the first female members of the Muslim Brotherhood. Al-Badawi later joined the National Islamic Front, and beginning in the 1980s represented the party for several terms in the National Legislature. She also served in the Pan-African Parliament. Early life and academic career Al-Badawi was born in Al-Ubayyid, Kurdufan Province. Her paternal grandfather was a prominent Islamic scholar in Omdurman, while her father was a district commissioner, in office during both the Anglo-Egyptian condominium and after independence in ...
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Women's Rights
Women's rights are the rights and entitlements claimed for women and girls worldwide. They formed the basis for the women's rights movement in the 19th century and the feminist movements during the 20th and 21st centuries. In some countries, these rights are institutionalized or supported by law, local custom, and behavior, whereas in others, they are ignored and suppressed. They differ from broader notions of human rights through claims of an inherent historical and traditional bias against the exercise of rights by women and girls, in favor of men and boys.Hosken, Fran P., 'Towards a Definition of Women's Rights' in ''Human Rights Quarterly'', Vol. 3, No. 2. (May 1981), pp. 1–10. Issues commonly associated with notions of women's rights include the right to bodily integrity and autonomy, to be free from sexual violence, to vote, to hold public office, to enter into legal contracts, to have equal rights in family law, to work, to fair wages or equal pay, to have reproduct ...
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SOAS, University Of London
SOAS University of London (; the School of Oriental and African Studies) is a public research university in London, England, and a member institution of the federal University of London. Founded in 1916, SOAS is located in the Bloomsbury area of central London. SOAS is one of the world's leading institutions for the study of Asia, Africa, and the Middle East. Its library is one of the five national research libraries in the UK. SOAS also houses the Brunei Gallery, which hosts a programme of changing contemporary and historical exhibitions from Asia, Africa, and the Middle East with the aim of presenting and promoting cultures from these regions. SOAS is divided into three faculties: Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Faculty of Languages and Cultures, and Faculty of Law and Social Sciences. It is home to the SOAS School of Law, which is one of the leading law schools in the UK. The university offers around 350 bachelor's degree combinations, more than 100 one-year master's degr ...
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1932 Births
Year 193 ( CXCIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Sosius and Ericius (or, less frequently, year 946 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 193 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * January 1 – Year of the Five Emperors: The Roman Senate chooses Publius Helvius Pertinax, against his will, to succeed the late Commodus as Emperor. Pertinax is forced to reorganize the handling of finances, which were wrecked under Commodus, to reestablish discipline in the Roman army, and to suspend the food programs established by Trajan, provoking the ire of the Praetorian Guard. * March 28 – Pertinax is assassinated by members of the Praetorian Guard, who storm the imperial palace. The Empire is auctioned off ...
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Gender Inequality In Sudan
Sudan is a developing nation that faces many challenges in regard to gender inequality. Freedom House gave Sudan the lowest possible ranking among repressive regimes during 2012. South Sudan received a slightly higher rating but it was also rated as "not free". In the 2013 report of 2012 data, Sudan ranks 171st out of 186 countries on the Human Development Index (HDI). Sudan also is one of very few countries that are not a signatory on the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW). Despite this, there have been positive changes in regard to gender equality in Sudan. As of 2012, women embodied 24.1% of the National Assembly of Sudan. Sudanese women account for a larger percentage of the national parliament than in many Western nations. Still, gender inequalities in Sudan, particularly as they pertain to female genital mutilation and the disparity of women to men in the labor market, have been met with concern in the international commun ...
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1965 Sudanese Parliamentary Election
Parliamentary elections were held in Sudan on 21 April and 8 May 1965. Due to the civil war the seats in the south of the country were left vacant until by-elections on 8 March and 18 April 1967. The result was a second successive victory for the Umma Party, which won 90 of the 173 seats. Voter turnout was 58.1%.Nohlen et al., p854 Results These results include the 1967 by-elections. References {{Sudanese elections Elections in Sudan 1965 in Sudan Sudan Sudan ( or ; ar, السودان, as-Sūdān, officially the Republic of the Sudan ( ar, جمهورية السودان, link=no, Jumhūriyyat as-Sūdān), is a country in Northeast Africa. It shares borders with the Central African Republic t ... National Legislature (Sudan) Election and referendum articles with incomplete results ...
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Taqwa
''Taqwa'' ( ar, تقوى '' / '') is an Islamic term for being conscious and cognizant of God, of truth, "piety, fear of God."Nanji, Azim. "Islamic Ethics," in ''A Companion to Ethics'', Peter Singer. Oxford: Blackwells,n(1991), pp. 106–118. It is often found in the Quran. Those who practice ''taqwa'' — in the words of Ibn Abbas, "believers who avoid Shirk with Allah and who work in His obedience" — are called ''muttaqin'' ( ar, لْ المُتَّقِين '). Definitions The word “Taqwã” is derived from the verb waqã, which literally means to preserve, protect, safeguard, shield, etc. The Arabic word taqwa means "forbearance, fear and abstinence." Some descriptions of the term from Islamic sources include: *"God consciousness ... piousness, fear of Allah, love for Allah, and self restraint". *"God-consciousness or God-fearing piety", "virtue", "wariness". *Fear of Allah, "being careful, knowing your place in the cosmos". "Proof" of Taqwa is the "experience of ...
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Islamic Feminism
Islamic feminism is a form of feminism concerned with the role of women in Islam. It aims for the full equality of all Muslims, regardless of gender, in public and private life. Islamic feminists advocate women's rights, gender equality, and social justice grounded in an Islamic framework. Although rooted in Islam, the movement's pioneers have also utilized secular, Western, or otherwise non-Muslim feminist discourses, and have recognized the role of Islamic feminism as part of an integrated global feminist movement. Advocates of the movement seek to highlight the teachings of equality in the religion, and encourage a questioning of patriarchal interpretations of Islam by reinterpreting the Quran and hadith. Prominent thinkers include Amina Wadud, Leila Ahmed, Fatema Mernissi, Azizah Y. al-Hibri, Azizah al-Hibri, Riffat Hassan, Asma Lamrabet, and Asma Barlas. Definition and background Islamic feminists Since the mid-nineteenth century, Muslim women and men have been critical ...
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National Assembly Of Sudan
The National Assembly ( ar, المجلس الوطني السوداني, ''Al-Maǧlis al-Waṭaniy'') is the lower house of the National Legislature of Sudan. The Legislature was unicameral until 2005. The upper house is the Council of States (''Majlis Welayat''). The National Assembly was dissolved on 11 April 2019 following a military coup which overthrew Sudan President Omar al-Bashir and Assembly's ruling National Congress Party. As part of the 2019 Sudanese transition to democracy, a Transitional Legislative Council is to be formed which will function as the legislature of Sudan until elections scheduled for 2022. Speakers Hassan Abdallah al-Turabi was the speaker from 1996 until he stripped of the post in December 1999, and placed under arrest after a falling out with President Omar al-Bashir. 2015-2019 session The most recent session was elected in 2015. 2010-2015 session Sudan was previously in a transitional period following the signing of a Comprehensive ...
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Gaafar Nimeiry
Jaafar Muhammad an-Nimeiry (otherwise spelled in English as Jaafar Nimeiry, Gaafar Nimeiry or Ja'far Muhammad Numayri; ar, جعفر محمد النميري; 26 April 192830 May 2009) was a Sudanese politician who served as the president of Sudan from 1969 to 1985. A military officer, he came to power after a military coup in 1969. Establishing a one-party state, with his Sudanese Socialist Union as the sole legal political entity in the country, Nimeiry pursued socialist and Pan-Arabist policies and close collaboration with Gamal Abdel Nasser of Egypt and Muammar Gaddafi of Libya. In 1971 Nimeiry survived a pro-Soviet coup attempt, after which he forged an alliance with Mao Zedong of China, and, eventually, with the United States as well. In 1972 he signed the Addis Ababa Agreement, ending the First Sudanese Civil War. In his last years in power he also adopted aspects of Islamism, and in 1983 he imposed Sharia law throughout the country, precipitating the Second Sudanese ...
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Sudanese Women's Union
The Sudanese Women's Union (SWU, ar, الاتحاد النسائي السوداني, transliteration: ''Aletahad Elnisa'i Assodani'') is a Sudanese women's rights organisation that is one of the biggest post-independence women's rights organisations in Africa. Creation The Sudanese Women's Union (SWU) was created in 1952 during the struggle for independence from Britain, with Fatima Talib, Khalida Zahir and Fatima Ahmed Ibrahim forming the executive committee. The first president of the Union was Fatima Talib. In 1956, Fatima Ahmed Ibrahim was elected president of the SWU. Khalida Zahir was elected president in 1958. Founding Committee The 17 January 1952 founding meeting of the SWU included the following leadership and founding members. President – Fatima Talib Secretary – Nafisa Ahmed Al Amin Members – Khalda Zahir, Thuryia Al Dirdeiri, Nafisa Al Mileik, Suad Al Fatih Al Badawi, Batoul Adham, Thuryia Umbabi, Suad Abdel Rahman, Hajja Kashif Badri, Az ...
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University Of Edinburgh
The University of Edinburgh ( sco, University o Edinburgh, gd, Oilthigh Dhùn Èideann; abbreviated as ''Edin.'' in post-nominals) is a public research university based in Edinburgh, Scotland. Granted a royal charter by King James VI in 1582 and officially opened in 1583, it is one of Scotland's four ancient universities and the sixth-oldest university in continuous operation in the English-speaking world. The university played an important role in Edinburgh becoming a chief intellectual centre during the Scottish Enlightenment and contributed to the city being nicknamed the " Athens of the North." Edinburgh is ranked among the top universities in the United Kingdom and the world. Edinburgh is a member of several associations of research-intensive universities, including the Coimbra Group, League of European Research Universities, Russell Group, Una Europa, and Universitas 21. In the fiscal year ending 31 July 2021, it had a total income of £1.176 billion, of ...
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United Arab Emirates University
United Arab Emirates University (UAEU; ar, جامعة الإمارات العربية المتحدة) is a public research university located in Al Ain, United Arab Emirates. It is the oldest university in the United Arab Emirates. It was established in 1976 after independence from Britain by the founding father of the UAE, the late Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan. Location The university is located in the city of Al Ain, an oasis city in the Abu Dhabi emirate 140 km east of the capital city of Abu Dhabi and a similar distance from the city of Dubai. Students Students come from all seven Emirates and more than 64 other countries. 6,696 students live on campus. In 2014 enrolled international students constituted 25% of the total enrolled students. Rankings The United Arab Emirates University is continuously ranked as the second top university in the United Arab Emirates after Khalifa university, and the 4th in the GCC. The university is ranked as the 5th in the Arab ...
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