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Stropharia Caerulea
''Stropharia caerulea'', commonly known as the blue roundhead, is an inedible species of agaric fungus in the family Strophariaceae. It is a common species found in Europe and North America, where it grows as a saprophyte in meadows, roadsides, hedgerows, gardens, and woodchip mulch. ''S. caerulea'' was officially described to science in 1979, although it was known to be a distinct species for about two centuries before that. The taxon ''Stropharia cyanea'', as defined by Risto Tuomikoski in 1953, and used by several later authors, is a synonym of ''S. caerulea''. The fruit bodies (mushrooms) of ''Stropharia caerulea'' feature a greenish-blue cap sparsely covered in white flecks of veil at the margin, and a sticky, glutinous surface texture. Gills on the cap underside have an adnate or sinuate attachment to the stipe. They are initially pale purplish-brown, becoming darker brown in age as the spores mature. The greenish stipe is covered in white scales up to a thin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hanns Kreisel
Hanns Kreisel (16 July 1931 – 18 January 2017) was a German mycologist and professor emeritus. He was born in Leipzig in 1931. Kreisel was a professor at the University of Greifswald. His field was the classification of fungi, where he has studied this group of organisms not only in Germany but in almost all continents, as in Brazil, Seychelles, Vietnam, Cuba and Syria. He had succeeded with his first collaboration to develop a scientifically sound and current fungal flora of Yemen. Kreisel also specialized in the fungal groups of gut fungi. Kreisel was also the editor of several international scientific journals. He died in January 2017 at Wolgast. Eponymous taxa *''Chrysosporium kreiselii'' Dominik 1965 *'' Kreiseliella'' U.Braun 1991 *'' Kreiseliella typhae'' (Vasyag.) U.Braun 1991 *''Meliola kreiseliana'' Schmied. 1989 *''Passalora kreiseliana'' U.Braun & Crous 2002 *''Peziza kreiselii'' G.Hirsch 1992 *''Puccinia kreiselii'' M.Scholler 1996 *''Tulostoma kreiselii ''Tu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Annulus (mycology)
An annulus is the ring-like or collar-like structure sometimes found on the stipe of some species of mushrooms. The annulus represents the remnants of the partial veil, after it has ruptured to expose the gills or other spore-producing surface. It can also be called a ring which is what the Latin word annulus directly translates as. The modern usage of the Latin word originates from the early days of botany and mycology when species descriptions were only written in Latin. Outside of the formal setting of scientific publications which still have a Latin requirement, it will often just be referred to as a ring or stem ring in field guide A field guide is a book designed to help the reader identify wildlife (flora or fauna) or other objects of natural occurrence (e.g. rocks and minerals). It is generally designed to be brought into the "field" or local area where such objects exi ...s and on identification websites. Ring descriptions The way in which the structure and appea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Woldegk
Woldegk () is a town in the Mecklenburgische Seenplatte district, in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany. It is situated 24 km southeast of Neubrandenburg. The former municipality Petersdorf was merged into Woldegk in May 2019. Woldegk is 164.14 km² in area and has 4,392 inhabitants (2018). History After first being settled as an adjunct of Brandenburg in 1236, Woldegk was brought into Mecklenburg by the marriage of Beatrix of Brandenburg with Heinrich of Mecklenburg in 1292, and developed into a fortified, walled town with ramparts and moats by the mid-15th century. Between 1492 and 1635, at least four windmills were constructed and put into use milling grain produced in the surrounding agricultural area. The village was damaged by fire several times, and was completely destroyed in 1647 in the Thirty Years War, after which only 14 inhabitants survived. In the 18th century, the village was rebuilt and as many as seven Dutch style windmills were in operation by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sanctioned Name
In mycology, a sanctioned name is a name that was adopted (but not necessarily coined) in certain works of Christiaan Hendrik Persoon or Elias Magnus Fries, which are considered major points in fungal taxonomy. Definition and effects Sanctioned names are those, regardless of their authorship, that were used by Persoon in his '' Synopsis Methodica Fungorum'' (1801) for rusts, smuts and gasteromycetes, and in Fries's '' Systema Mycologicum'' (three volumes, published 1821–32) and ''Elenchus fungorum'' for all other fungi. A sanctioned name, as defined under article 15 of the ''International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants'' (previously, the ''International Code of Botanical Nomenclature'') is automatically treated as if conserved against all earlier synonyms or homonyms. It can still, however, be conserved or rejected normally. History Because of the imprecision associated with assigning starting dates for fungi sanctioned in Fries' three ''Systema'' volumes, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Entoloma Politum
''Entoloma politum'' is a species of fungus in the Entolomataceae The Entolomataceae, also known as Rhodophyllaceae, are a large family of pink-spored terrestrial gilled mushrooms which includes the genera ''Entoloma'', '' Rhodocybe'', and ''Clitopilus''. The family collectively contains over 1500 species, the ... family. It is found in Europe and North America. See also * List of ''Entoloma'' species References External links * Entolomataceae Fungi of Europe Fungi of North America Fungi described in 1794 Taxa named by Christiaan Hendrik Persoon Fungus species {{Agaricales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christian Hendrik Persoon
Christiaan Hendrik Persoon (1 February 1761 – 16 November 1836) was a German mycologist who made additions to Linnaeus' mushroom taxonomy. Early life Persoon was born in South Africa at the Cape of Good Hope, the third child of an immigrant Pomeranian father and Dutch mother. His mother died soon after he was born; at the age of thirteen his father (who died a year later) sent him to Europe for his education. Education Initially studying theology at Halle, at age 22 (in 1784) Persoon switched to medicine at Leiden and Göttingen. He received a doctorate from the "Kaiserlich-Leopoldinisch-Carolinische Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher" in 1799. Later years He moved to Paris in 1802, where he spent the rest of his life, renting an upper floor of a house in a poor part of town. He was apparently unemployed, unmarried, poverty-stricken and a recluse, although he corresponded with botanists throughout Europe. Because of his financial difficulties, Persoon agreed to do ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Code Of Nomenclature For Algae, Fungi, And Plants
The ''International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants'' (ICN) is the set of rules and recommendations dealing with the formal botanical names that are given to plants, fungi and a few other groups of organisms, all those "traditionally treated as algae, fungi, or plants".. It was formerly called the ''International Code of Botanical Nomenclature'' (ICBN); the name was changed at the International Botanical Congress in Melbourne in July 2011 as part of the ''Melbourne Code''. which replaced the ''Vienna Code'' of 2005. The current version of the code is the ''Shenzhen Code'' adopted by the International Botanical Congress held in Shenzhen, China, in July 2017. As with previous codes, it took effect as soon as it was ratified by the congress (on 29 July 2017), but the documentation of the code in its final form was not published until 26 June 2018. The name of the ''Code'' is partly capitalized and partly not. The lower-case for "algae, fungi, and plants" indica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Validly Published Name (botany)
In botanical nomenclature, a validly published name is a name that meets the requirements in the ''International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants'' for valid publication. Valid publication of a name represents the minimum requirements for a botanical name to exist: terms that appear to be names but have not been validly published are referred to in the ''ICN'' as "designations". A validly published name may not satisfy all the requirements to be '' legitimate''. It is also not necessarily the correct name for a particular taxon and rank. Nevertheless, invalid names (''nomen invalidum'', ''nom. inval.'') are sometimes in use. This may occur when a taxonomist finds and recognises a taxon and thinks of a name, but delays publishing it in an adequate manner. A common reason for this is that a taxonomist intends to write a ''magnum opus'' that provides an overview of the group, rather than a series of small papers. Another reason is that the code of nomenclature chang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Field Guide
A field guide is a book designed to help the reader identify wildlife (flora or fauna) or other objects of natural occurrence (e.g. rocks and minerals). It is generally designed to be brought into the "field" or local area where such objects exist to help distinguish between similar objects. Field guides are often designed to help users distinguish animals and plants that may be similar in appearance but are not necessarily closely related. It will typically include a description of the objects covered, together with paintings or photographs and an index. More serious and scientific field identification books, including those intended for students, will probably include identification keys to assist with identification, but the publicly accessible field guide is more often a browsable picture guide organized by family, colour, shape, location or other descriptors. History Popular interests in identifying things in nature probably were strongest in bird and plant guides. Perhaps ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stropharia
The genus ''Stropharia'' (sometimes known by the common name roundheads) is a group of medium to large agarics with a distinct membranous ring on the stipe. Well-known members of this genus include the edible ''Stropharia rugosoannulata'' and the blue-green verdigris agarics ('' Stropharia aeruginosa'' and allies). ''Stropharia'' are not generally regarded as good to eat and there are doubts over the edibility of several species. However the species ''Stropharia rugosoannulata'' is regarded as prized and delicious when young, and is now the premier mushroom for outdoor bed culture by mycophiles in temperate climates. Taxonomy The scientific name is derived from the Greek 'στροφος/strophos' meaning "belt", in reference to the annulus present on the stipe. Spore print color is generally medium to dark purple-brown with white edge at maturity, except for a few species that have rusty-brown spores. There is a great deal of variation, however, since this group as presently deli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ammonia
Ammonia is an inorganic compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula . A stable binary hydride, and the simplest pnictogen hydride, ammonia is a colourless gas with a distinct pungent smell. Biologically, it is a common nitrogenous waste, particularly among aquatic organisms, and it contributes significantly to the nutritional needs of terrestrial organisms by serving as a precursor to 45% of the world's food and fertilizers. Around 70% of ammonia is used to make fertilisers in various forms and composition, such as urea and Diammonium phosphate. Ammonia in pure form is also applied directly into the soil. Ammonia, either directly or indirectly, is also a building block for the synthesis of many pharmaceutical products and is used in many commercial cleaning products. It is mainly collected by downward displacement of both air and water. Although common in nature—both terrestrially and in the outer planets of the Solar System—and in wide use, ammonia is both caust ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cytoplasmic Inclusion
In cellular biology, inclusions are diverse intracellularShively, J. M. (ed.). (2006). ''Microbiology Monographs Vol. 1: Inclusions in Prokaryotes''. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlaglink non-living substances ( ergastic substances) that are not bound by membranes. Inclusions are stored nutrients/deutoplasmic substances, secretory products, and pigment granules. Examples of inclusions are glycogen granules in the liver and muscle cells, lipid droplets in fat cells, pigment granules in certain cells of skin and hair, and crystals of various types.Leslie P. Gartner and James L. Hiatt ; Text book of Histology; 3rd edition Cytoplasmic inclusions are an example of a biomolecular condensate arising by liquid-solid, liquid-gel or liquid-liquid phase separation. These structures were first observed by O. F. Müller in 1786. Examples Glycogen: Glycogen is the most common form of glucose in animals and is especially abundant in cells of muscles, and liver. It appears in electr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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