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Stratum (other)
A stratum in geology is a layer of sedimentary rock or sediment. In archaeology, it is a layer of man-produced sediment of a certain age. Stratum may also refer to: Science and technology *Layer or stratum (archaeology): see Stratigraphy (archaeology) *Stratum (linguistics), a language influencing or influenced through language contact *Stratum (statistics), in stratified sampling, a homogeneous subgroup of members in the population *Stratum, an element of a topologically stratified space *Clock stratum, in a clock network, a hierarchical level reflecting the quality of a clock Other uses *Stratum, Netherlands, a city district of Eindhoven *Stratum (album), ''Stratum'' (album), a 2012 album by Drottnar *Stratum (sculpture), ''Stratum'' (sculpture), a series of sculptures by Mikyoung Kim in Portland, Oregon, US See also *Strata (other) *Stratification (other) *Stratus (other) *Substrate (other) *Superstrate {{Disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stratum
In geology and related fields, a stratum ( : strata) is a layer of rock or sediment characterized by certain lithologic properties or attributes that distinguish it from adjacent layers from which it is separated by visible surfaces known as either '' bedding surfaces'' or ''bedding planes''.Salvador, A. ed., 1994. ''International stratigraphic guide: a guide to stratigraphic classification, terminology, and procedure. 2nd ed.'' Boulder, Colorado, The Geological Society of America, Inc., 215 pp. . Prior to the publication of the International Stratigraphic Guide, older publications have defined a stratum as either being either equivalent to a single bed or composed of a number of beds; as a layer greater than 1 cm in thickness and constituting a part of a bed; or a general term that includes both ''bed'' and ''lamina''.Neuendorf, K.K.E., Mehl, Jr., J.P., and Jackson, J.A. , eds., 2005. ''Glossary of Geology'' 5th ed. Alexandria, Virginia, American Geological Institute. 779 pp. . ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stratigraphy (archaeology)
Stratigraphy is a key concept to modern archaeological theory and practice. Modern excavation techniques are based on stratigraphic principles. The concept derives from the geological use of the idea that sedimentation takes place according to uniform principles. When archaeological finds are below the surface of the ground (as is most commonly the case), the identification of the context of each find is vital in enabling the archaeologist to draw conclusions about the site and about the nature and date of its occupation. It is the archaeologist's role to attempt to discover what contexts exist and how they came to be created. Archaeological stratification or sequence is the dynamic superimposition of single units of stratigraphy, or contexts. Contexts are single events or actions that leave discrete, detectable traces in the archaeological sequence or stratigraphy. They can be deposits (such as the back-fill of a ditch), structures (such as walls), or "zero thickness surfaciq ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stratum (linguistics)
In linguistics, a stratum (Latin for "layer") or strate is a language that influences or is influenced by another through contact. A substratum or substrate is a language that has lower power or prestige than another, while a superstratum or superstrate is the language that has higher power or prestige. Both substratum and superstratum languages influence each other, but in different ways. An adstratum or adstrate is a language that is in contact with another language in a neighbor population without having identifiably higher or lower prestige. The notion of "strata" was first developed by the Italian linguist Graziadio Isaia Ascoli (1829–1907), and became known in the English-speaking world through the work of two different authors in 1932. Thus, both concepts apply to a situation where an intrusive language establishes itself in the territory of another, typically as the result of migration. Whether the superstratum case (the local language persists and the intrusive languag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stratum (statistics)
In statistics, stratified sampling is a method of sampling from a population which can be partitioned into subpopulations. In statistical surveys, when subpopulations within an overall population vary, it could be advantageous to sample each subpopulation (stratum) independently. Stratification is the process of dividing members of the population into homogeneous subgroups before sampling. The strata should define a partition of the population. That is, it should be ''collectively exhaustive'' and ''mutually exclusive'': every element in the population must be assigned to one and only one stratum. Then simple random sampling is applied within each stratum. The objective is to improve the precision of the sample by reducing sampling error. It can produce a weighted mean that has less variability than the arithmetic mean of a simple random sample of the population. In computational statistics, stratified sampling is a method of variance reduction when Monte Carlo methods are us ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Topologically Stratified Space
In mathematics, topology (from the Greek words , and ) is concerned with the properties of a geometric object that are preserved under continuous deformations, such as stretching, twisting, crumpling, and bending; that is, without closing holes, opening holes, tearing, gluing, or passing through itself. A topological space is a set endowed with a structure, called a ''topology'', which allows defining continuous deformation of subspaces, and, more generally, all kinds of continuity. Euclidean spaces, and, more generally, metric spaces are examples of a topological space, as any distance or metric defines a topology. The deformations that are considered in topology are homeomorphisms and homotopies. A property that is invariant under such deformations is a topological property. Basic examples of topological properties are: the dimension, which allows distinguishing between a line and a surface; compactness, which allows distinguishing between a line and a circle; connectedne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clock Stratum
A clock network or clock system is a set of synchronized clocks designed to always show exactly the same time by communicating with each other. Clock networks usually consist of a central master clock kept in sync with an official time source, and one or more slave clocks which receive and display the time from the master. Synchronization sources The master clock in a clock network can receive accurate time in a number of ways: through the United States GPS satellite constellation, a Network Time Protocol server, the CDMA cellular phone network, a modem connection to a time source, or by listening to radio transmissions from WWV or WWVH, or a special signal from an upstream broadcast network. Some master clocks don't determine the time automatically. Instead, they rely on an operator to manually set them. Clock networks in critical applications often include a backup source to receive the time, or provisions to allow the master clock to maintain the time even if it loses ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stratum, Netherlands
Stratum is a former village in the Dutch province of North Brabant, now one of the seven boroughs of Eindhoven. Stratum was a separate municipality until 1920, when it became part of Eindhoven Eindhoven () is a city and municipality in the Netherlands, located in the southern province of North Brabant of which it is its largest. With a population of 238,326 on 1 January 2022,Boroughs of Eindhoven Former municipalities of North Brabant {{NorthBrabant-geo-stu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stratum (album)
''Stratum'' is the second full-length studio album by the Norwegian Christian extreme metal band Drottnar, initially released on October 13, 2012 through Endtime Productions. A single was released for the album, "Lucid Stratum", on November 8, 2011, and the band went on a four-stop tour with Deuteronomium and Pantokrator in Finland from May 2–5, 2013. The album features a highly technical and complex form of extreme metal, and met with a positive reception from critics. Background and recording Drottnar formed in Fredrikstad, Norway, in 1996. The band recorded and released two demos, ''Doom of the Antichrist'' and ''A White Realm'', both of which were re-mastered and re-released as a compilation, ''Spiritual Warfare'', in 2000. The compilation was described as death/doom and Viking metal. In 2003, the group released an EP, ''Anamorphosis'', and adopted a more minimalist black metal style. A studio album, '' Welterwerk'', followed in 2006, and featured a technical and chaotic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stratum (sculpture)
''Stratum'', also known as the "Stratum Project", is a series of 23 sculptures by landscape architect Mikyoung Kim, installed near Portland, Oregon's Sellwood Bridge, in the United States. Description ''Stratum'' is a public art installation consisting of 23 multicolored sculptures, or "ecologically inspired geological totems", along the east approach to the Sellwood Bridge in southeast Portland's Sellwood neighborhood. The totems are tall and made of layered recycled materials intended to "create a surface representing earth, water and sky as a gateway to the Sellwood community". They "rotate" at 90-degree angles. According to the Regional Arts & Culture Council, the project's concept was "driven by the power and beauty of the geologic and natural phenomena" of the Willamette Valley. It was funded by the City of Portland's art program. The sculptures are owned by the city and maintained by the Regional Arts & Culture Council. History Mikyoung Kim's work was selected by the Reg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Strata (other)
Strata is the plural of stratum (the geological formation); for uses in the singular, see Stratum (other). Strata may also refer to: Media Music * Strata (band), a Northern California band * ''Strata'' (Matthew Shipp album), 1998 * ''Strata'' (Robert Rich and Steve Roach album), 1990 * ''Strata'' (Strata album), 2004 * Strata Records, a record label * Strata-East Records, a record label Printed media * Strata (comics), a superhero in the DC Universe * ''Strata'' (novel), a science fiction novel by Terry Pratchett Software * Kirix Strata, a web browser * Strata (company), a software company * Strata 3D, a 3D software * ''Strata'' (video game), a 2013 puzzle game * Strata, an IT certification from CompTIA Other uses * Strata (food), a family of layered casseroles * Strata (linguistics) * Strata roller coaster, a height classification, of roller coaster * Strata SE1, a building in London, England * Strata title, a form of ownership devised for multi-level a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stratification (other)
Stratification may refer to: Mathematics * Stratification (mathematics), any consistent assignment of numbers to predicate symbols * Data stratification in statistics Earth sciences * Stable and unstable stratification * Stratification, or stratum, the layering of rocks * Stratification (archeology), the formation of layers (strata) in which objects are found * Stratification (water), the formation of water layers based on temperature (and salinity, in oceans) * Lake stratification, the formation of water layers based on temperature, with mixing in the spring and fall in seasonal climates. * Atmospheric stratification, the dividing of the Earth's atmosphere into strata * Inversion (meteorology) Social sciences * Social stratification, the dividing of a society into levels based on power or socioeconomic status Biology * Stratification (seeds), where seeds are treated to simulate winter conditions so that germination may occur * Stratification (clinical trials), partitioni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stratus (other)
Stratus may refer to: Weather *Stratus cloud, a cloud type ** Nimbostratus cloud, a cloud type ** Stratocumulus cloud, a cloud type **Altostratus cloud, a cloud type **Altostratus undulatus cloud, a cloud type ** Cirrostratus cloud, a cloud type Music *Stratus (English band), a 1980s hard rock band *Stratus (Serbian band), a heavy metal band formed in 2002 * "Stratus" (song), by Moments in Grace, 2004 *"Stratus", a song by Billy Cobham from ''Spectrum'', 1973 Technology * Dodge Stratus, an automobile *Stratus Technologies, a technology firm *Swing Stratus, a German paraglider design People * Trish Stratus (born 1975), Canadian professional wrestler * Teresa Stratas, Canadian soprano of 36-years at the Metropolitan Opera Places *Strati, Crete, a village in Crete *Stratus (Acarnania), a city of ancient Acarnania, Greece *The ancient name for the city of Stratos (Achaea) *Stratus (building), a high-rise building in Seattle, Washington, US See also * Stratos (other) *Strat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
