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Southerners (Korean Political Faction)
The Southerners () were a political faction of the Joseon Dynasty. The faction was created after the split of the Easterners in 1591 by Yi Sanhae's opponents. Its leader was Ryu Seong-ryong, who died in 1607. Leader Heo Mok was Left Prime Minister from 1675 to 1678. Leader Yun Hyu was executed in 1680. They supported Jang Huibin, queen consort of Sukjong of Joseon from 1688 to 1694. The faction continued to exist until the 18th century. Members *Ryu Seong-ryong *Yun Seon-do *Yun Hyu *Heo Mok *Heo Jeok *Jang Huibin *Jeong Yak-yong Jeong Yak-yong (August 5, 1762 – April 7, 1836) or Chong Yagyong, often simply known as ‘Dasan’ (茶山, one of his ‘ho’ / pen-names meaning ‘the mountain of tea’), was a Korean agronomist, philosopher, and poet. He was one of the ... {{Sasaek Dangpa Joseon dynasty Political history of Korea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Easterners
The Easterners () were a political faction of the Joseon dynasty. This faction appeared during the reign of Seonjo of Joseon in sixteenth-century Korea. Originating from friends of Gim Hyowon, they soon encompassed most of the disciples of Jo Sik and Yi Hwang, conflicting with Yi I and his followers, who formed the core of the Westerners. Though emerging as the dominant faction in the 1580s, it nearly collapsed at the suicide of Jeong Yeorip and the succeeding bloodshed in 1589. After Westerner Jeong Cheol was exiled for attempting to make Prince Gwanghae the Crown Prince, the Easterners divided into Northerners and Southerners. History Division from Sarim After the death of Queen Dowager Munjeong and her brother Yun Won-hyeong in the late Myeongjong (1534–1545–1567) period, the Sarim faction, which had endured four literati purges throughout the sixteenth century, came to power as the dominant political faction. At the time, the Sarim were united as a single fac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joseon Dynasty
Joseon (; ; Middle Korean: 됴ᇢ〯션〮 Dyǒw syéon or 됴ᇢ〯션〯 Dyǒw syěon), officially the Great Joseon (; ), was the last dynastic kingdom of Korea, lasting just over 500 years. It was founded by Yi Seong-gye in July 1392 and replaced by the Korean Empire in October 1897. The kingdom was founded following the aftermath of the overthrow of Goryeo in what is today the city of Kaesong. Early on, Korea was retitled and the capital was relocated to modern-day Seoul. The kingdom's northernmost borders were expanded to the natural boundaries at the rivers of Amrok and Tuman through the subjugation of the Jurchens. During its 500-year duration, Joseon encouraged the entrenchment of Confucian ideals and doctrines in Korean society. Neo-Confucianism was installed as the new state's ideology. Buddhism was accordingly discouraged, and occasionally the practitioners faced persecutions. Joseon consolidated its effective rule over the territory of current Korea and saw the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yi Sanhae
Yi Sanhae (; 20 July 1539 – 1609) was a Korean politician, scholar, writer and poet of the Joseon period who came from the Hansan Yi clan. He served as the Chief State Councilor of Joseon from 1590 to 1592 and 1600. Yi was a member of the political faction the Easterners and when this split into the Northerners and Southerners, Yi became leader of the Northerners faction. Early life Yi was born in Hanseong to a yangban family and his 5th great-grandfather was Yi Saek, a scholar and writer that lived during late Goryeo. He studied under his uncle Yi Ji-ham and was praised for his intelligence. At age 5 he is said to have written poems and by age 15 he had passed the Hyangsi Examination multiple times and was famous for his calligraphy and painting skills. He also studied under Jo Sik and Yi Hwang and would later go on to form the Eastern and Northern factions with his classmates. He passed the Mungwa in 1561 and was initially appointed to the Seungmuwon, the department in ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sukjong Of Joseon
Sukjong of Joseon (7 October 1661 – 12 July 1720) was the 19th King of the Joseon Dynasty of Korea, ruling from 1674 until 1720. A skilled legislator, he caused multiple changes in political power throughout his reign, by switching among the Namin (Southerners), Seoin (Westerners), Soron and Noron political factions. Biography King Sukjong was born on October 7, 1661, to King Hyeonjong and Queen Myeongseong at Gyeonghui Palace. His given name was Yi Sun. He became the Crown Prince Myeongbo in 1667 at age 6, and in 1674, at age 13, he became the 19th ruler of the Joseon Dynasty. King Sukjong was a brilliant politician, but his reign was marked by some of the most intense factional fights in the Joseon dynasty. Sukjong frequently replaced faction in power with another one to strengthen the royal authority. With each change of government, which was called ''hwanguk'' (), literally ''change/switching of the state'', the losing faction was completely driven out of politics wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ryu Seong-ryong
Ryu Seong-ryong (November 1542 – May 1607), was a scholar-official of the Joseon Dynasty of Korea. He held many responsibilities including the Chief State Councillor position in 1592. He was a member of the "Eastern faction", and a follower of Yi Hwang. Early life and education Ryu was born in Hahoe Maeul, Andong, Gyeongsang province (today a UNESCO World Heritage Site), to a ''yangban'' family of the Munhwa Ryu clan. Ryu is said to have been so precocious that he absorbed the teachings of Confucius and Mencius at the age of 8. In 1564 the 19th year of Myeongjong, he passed the '' Samasi'' examination, and in 1566 he passed the '' Mun-gwa'' at a special examination, and then took the post of ''Gwonji bujeongja'' (권지부정사, 權知副正字). 유성룡 Naver Encyclopedia He held various other positions and in 1569 he joined the imperial birthday mission to Ming as a ''Seojanggwan'' (서장관, 書狀官, n°3 of the mission), returning to Korea the following year. Ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yun Seon-do
Yun Seondo (1587–1671), also spelled as Yoon Sun-Do, was a Korean philosopher, poet, and politician. A Neo-Confucian scholar, he was also known by his pen names Gosan and Haeong. Life He was born in Seoul, in what is now South Korea. He achieved early success as a government official, but his straightforward character made enemies at court and he was banished for imprudent criticism of those in power. Thirteen years later he returned to become tutor to the royal princes but was later banished again. He spent most of his 85 years in his rustic country home, contemplating the nature of life, teaching and writing poetry. Yun is considered the greatest master of the sijo form in Korean literature. His most famous composition is ''The Fisherman's Calendar'' a cycle of forty seasonal sijo. In both Chinese and Korean classical poetry, the fisherman symbolized a wise man who lives simply and naturally. In art, the fisherman appeared almost invariably in one of the most common genr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yun Hyu
Yun Hyu (Hangul: 윤휴, Hanja: 尹鑴; 1617 – 1680) was a Korean Neo-Confucian scholar and official, who lived during the Joseon Dynasty. Yun was the political leader of the Southern (''Namin'') faction of the Joseon Dynasty. His pen names were Baekho, Haheon and Yabo. He was nominated to be a ''Jipyeong'' (지평, 持平) as a ''Yebinshijeong'' (예빈시정, 禮賓寺正), and had served in various other posts, before he left politics to dedicate himself to scholarly pursuits. In 1660, he became a leading figure in the controversy regarding the mourning rituals for King Hyojong. In 1674, he became involved again in a second round of the controversy, this time over the death of Queen Inseon. In 1680, Yun was expelled and exiled to Gapsan (갑산, 甲山). That year, he was ordered to commit suicide by King Sukjong, after a long public debate with Song Si-yeol. Works * Baekhojeonseo (백호전서, 白湖全書) * Baekhodokseogi (백호독서기, 白湖讀書記) * J ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heo Mok
Heo Mok (Hangul: 허목, Hanja: 許穆; 10 January 1596 – 2 June 1682) was a Korean calligrapher, painter, philosopher, poet, and politician during the Joseon Dynasty, who came from the Yangcheon Heo clan. He was most commonly known by the pen name Misu. Heo was known as the best Chinese calligrapher of his time due to his unique style of calligraphy. He became a governor at the age of 81, and was the first person in Korean history to hold such a high-ranking position without taking the ''Gwageo'' civil service exam. Life Early life Heo Mok was born at Changseonbang (창선방), in Hanseong. His father, Heo Kyo, was a member of the lower bureaucracy, while his great-grandfather, Heo Ja, once served as the Vice Prime Minister of Joseon. Heo Mok's maternal grandfather, Im Je, was a student of Seo Gyeong-deok. His father, Heo Kyo, was a student of Park Ji-hwa. Seo Gyeong-deok and Park Ji-hwa's more academic and ideologically-successful pupils were to join the political f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heo Jeok
Heo Jeok (Korean: 허적, Hanja: 許積; 1610 – 11 May 11, 1680) was a politician during the Joseon Dynasty. He was the 124th and 125th Prime Minister of Korea (Yeonguijeong), in 1664, 1671, and 1674–1680. His pen name was Mukjae (묵재, 默齋) and Hyuong (휴옹, 休翁). He came from the Yangcheon Heo clan (양천 허씨, 陽川 許氏). He was the leader of the Southerners faction, and a rival of Song Siyeol. Family * Father ** Heo Han (허한, 許僩) (1574 - 1642) *** Grandfather - Heo Jam (허잠, 許潛) *** Grandmother - Lady Min of the Yeoheung Min clan (여흥 민씨, 驪興 閔氏); daughter of Min Hu-yeol (민희열, 閔希說) (1510 - ?) * Aunt - Lady Heo of the Yangcheon Heo clan (양천 허씨, 陽川 許氏); Yi Gwang-jeong's second wife ** Uncle - Yi Gwang-jeong (이광정, 李光庭) of the Yeonan Yi clan (1552 - 1629) *** Cousin - Yi Bun (이분, 李衯) *** Cousin - Yi Ju (이주, 李裯) *** Cousin - Lady Yi of the Yeonan Yi clan (연안 이씨, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jang Huibin
Royal Noble Consort Hui of the Indong Jang clan (Hangul: 희빈 장씨, Hanja: 禧嬪 張氏; 3 November 1659 – 9 November 1701), personal name Jang Ok-jeong (Hangul: 장옥정, Hanja: 張玉貞), was a consort of King Sukjong of Joseon and the mother of King Gyeongjong. She was the Queen of Joseon from 1689 until her deposition, in 1694. Biography Early life Jang Ok-jeong was the daughter of Jang Hyeong and his second wife, Lady Yun of the Papyeong Yun clan. Part of the Namin faction, she came from a long line of interpreters and belonged to the Jungin class. Ok-jeong is widely thought to have been one of the most beautiful women in Joseon, and her charm was mentioned in the Annals. She became a lady-in-waiting to the King's step-great-grandmother, Grand Queen Dowager Jaui, at the recommendation of Prince Dongpyeong, who was Sukjong's first cousin-once-removed and Jaui's step-grandson. Life as Royal Consort While visiting Queen Jaui, the King became infatuated with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jeong Yak-yong
Jeong Yak-yong (August 5, 1762 – April 7, 1836) or Chong Yagyong, often simply known as ‘Dasan’ (茶山, one of his ‘ho’ / pen-names meaning ‘the mountain of tea’), was a Korean agronomist, philosopher, and poet. He was one of the greatest thinkers in the later Joseon period, wrote highly influential books about philosophy, science and theories of government, held significant administrative positions, and was noted as a poet. He was a close confidant of King Jeongjo (ruled 1776-1800) and his philosophical position is often identified with the Silhak (practical learning) school, and his concerns are better seen as explorations of Neo-Confucian themes. Jeong was born in Gwangju, Gyeonggi Province and died in there too. He spent 18 years in exile in Gangjin County, South Jeolla Province, from 1801 until 1818, on account of his membership of the Southerners (''Nam-in'') faction, and also because of the Catholic faith of his elder brother. Korean Catholics sometimes cl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joseon Dynasty
Joseon (; ; Middle Korean: 됴ᇢ〯션〮 Dyǒw syéon or 됴ᇢ〯션〯 Dyǒw syěon), officially the Great Joseon (; ), was the last dynastic kingdom of Korea, lasting just over 500 years. It was founded by Yi Seong-gye in July 1392 and replaced by the Korean Empire in October 1897. The kingdom was founded following the aftermath of the overthrow of Goryeo in what is today the city of Kaesong. Early on, Korea was retitled and the capital was relocated to modern-day Seoul. The kingdom's northernmost borders were expanded to the natural boundaries at the rivers of Amrok and Tuman through the subjugation of the Jurchens. During its 500-year duration, Joseon encouraged the entrenchment of Confucian ideals and doctrines in Korean society. Neo-Confucianism was installed as the new state's ideology. Buddhism was accordingly discouraged, and occasionally the practitioners faced persecutions. Joseon consolidated its effective rule over the territory of current Korea and saw the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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