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Silkwoman
A silkwoman was a woman in medieval, Tudor, and Stuart England who traded in silks and other fine fabrics. London silkwomen held some trading rights independently from their husbands and were exempted from some of the usual customs and laws of coverture. The trade and craft of the silkwoman was encouraged by a statute of Henry VI of England as a countermeasure to imports of silk thread, and a suitable occupation for "young gentlewomen and other apprentices". Silkwomen in London In 1421 Alice Corsmaker paid 6s-8d to the Mercer's Company of London to trade as a silkwoman. Alice Bradbridge was recognised as a "sister" of the Worshipful Company of Drapers. Silkwomen in London manufactured silk thread from raw silk imported from Italy, wove and sold ribbons, braids, cord, girdles, and trimmings, called "narrow ware", and made other silk goods. In the Elizabeth period, silkwomen also provided linen goods including lawn sleeves and partlets. Silkwomen supplying the royal wardrobe An ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joan Wilkinson (died 1556)
Joan or Jane Wilkinson (née North) (d.1556) was silkwoman to Anne Boleyn and Lady Lisle and a Protestant reformer. She was a friend of other leading reformers, including Bishops John Hooper and Hugh Latimer. During the reign of Mary I, she became a religious exile, and died at Frankfurt in 1556. Family Joan North was the daughter of Roger North (d.1509) and Christian Warcop, the daughter of Richard Warcop of Sinnington, Yorkshire. She had a brother, Edward North, 1st Baron North. Little is known of their relationship beyond the fact that she forgave him a debt in her will, and it may be that the relationship was strained by their differing religious beliefs. After the death of Roger North, Joan's mother, Christiana Warcop married, as his first wife, Sir Ralph Warren (c.1483–1553), Lord Mayor of London in 1536 and 1544, but had no issue by him. After Christiana's death, Sir Ralph Warren married, as his second wife, Joan Trelake (d. 8 February 1573), the daughter of John Tre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alice Bradbridge
Alice Barnham (''née'' Bradbridge) (1523-1604) was an English silk merchant, and a leading figure in the London silk trade from the 1560s onward. She is chiefly remembered for commissioning a family portrait in 1557 which is one of the earliest family portraits of English origins. Biography Alice, born in Chichester, Sussex on 7 September 1523. She was one of the youngest of the fourteen children of William Bradbridge (d. 1546), a successful and prosperous Mercery, mercer, and his wife, Alice. Alice married Francis Barnham (1515/16–1576), a draper and a London alderman most likely in the years 1546 or 1547. Francis Barnham owned a house on St Clement's Lane, Eastcheap that been the London residence of the Stratford Langthorne Abbey, Abbot of Stratford Langthorne. Under the rules of the time Francis as a draper merchant was prohibited from keeping a shop. To circumvent this rule Alice ran the retail branch of the family business and was considered to be a professional silkwoman ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anne Locke
Anne Locke (Lock, Lok) (c.1533 – after 1590) was an English poet, translator and Calvinist religious figure. She has been called the first English author to publish a sonnet sequence, ''A Meditation of a Penitent Sinner'' (1560), although authorship of that work has been attributed on strong grounds to Thomas Norton. Life Anne was a daughter of Stephen Vaughan, a merchant, royal envoy, and prominent early supporter of the Protestant Reformation. Her mother was Margaret (or Margery) Gwynnethe (or Guinet), sister of John Gwynneth, rector of Luton (1537-1558) and of St Peter, Westcheap in the City of London (1543-1556). Stephen and Margaret's marriage followed the death of her first husband, Edward Awparte, citizen and Girdler, in 1532, by whom she had five children. Anne was the eldest surviving child of her second marriage, and had two siblings, Jane and Stephen (b. 4 October 1537). Vaughan obtained a position for his wife as silkwoman to both Anne Boleyn and Catherine Parr. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Importation Act 1455
The Importation Act 1455 (33 Henry VI c. 5) was an Act of Parliament, act of the Parliament of England, Parliament of England passed during the reign of Henry VI of England, Henry VI. In 1455, London silkwoman, silkwomen complained that the Lombardy, Lombards were importing "ribbands and chains, falsely and deceitfully wrought, all manner girdles and other things concerning the said mistery and occupation, in no manner wise bringing in any good silk unwrought as they were wont to bring heretofore". Parliament therefore passed the Importation Act 1455 prohibiting the importation of these goods, with punishments of forfeiture and considerable fines.William Cunningham, ''The Growth of English Industry and Commerce during the Early and Middle Ages. Fifth Edition'' (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1915), p. 429. Notes Acts of the Parliament of England 1450s in law 1455 in England Protectionism {{England-statute-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Partlet
A partlet or partlett was a 16th century fashion accessory. The partlet was a sleeveless garment worn over the neck and shoulders, either worn over a dress or worn to fill in a low neckline. The earliest partlets appeared in late 15th century fashion. They were made of silk or linen, and were worn to fill in the low necklines of both men's and women's Burgundian dress. Men continued to wear partlets, usually of rich materials, with the low-cut doublets of the early 16th century. Early 16th century women's partlets were made in a variety of fabrics and colors, although black was most popular. Black partlets worn over the gown, usually of velvet or satin for the upper classes, are an earlier style. A wardrobe warrant of June 1538 ordered black velvet for a "French partlet" for Princess Mary.Hayward (2007), p. 166 These black partlets may be seen in a number of portraits of Tudor court ladies by Hans Holbein the Younger, as well as in Dutch paintings of market women throughout the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dorothy Speckard
Dorothy Speckard or Speckart or Spekarde (died 1656) was a courtier, milliner, silkwoman, and worker in the wardrobe of Elizabeth I of England, Anne of Denmark, Prince Henry, and Henrietta Maria. Her husband, Abraham Speckard, was an investor in the Somers Isles Company which colonised Bermuda. Career Dorothy Speckard was a daughter or relation of William Acton of Worcestershire. She married Abraham Speckard (d. 1642), a gentleman or merchant in London, the couple were wealthy. Queen Elizabeth She was ranked as a "Gentlewoman" and participated in gift exchange at Elizabeth's court. At New Year 1599/1600 the Speckards gave Queen Elizabeth a head veil of striped network, flourished with carnation silk and embroidered with metallic "Oes". At the same time, Elizabeth Brydges, a maid of honour presented a doublet of network lawn, cut and tufted up with white knit-work, flourished with silver. In 1605 she gave King James a shirt of fine Holland linen with band and cuffs of cut work. Sh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maria Hayward
Maria Hayward is an English historian of costume and early modern Britain. She is a professor of history at the University of Southampton , mottoeng = The Heights Yield to Endeavour , type = Public research university , established = 1862 – Hartley Institution1902 – Hartley University College1913 – Southampton University Coll ... and has published a number of works on the courts of Tudor and Stuart monarchs. Selected publications * ''Stuart style: monarchy, dress and the Scottish male elite'', (Yale University Press, 2020). * ''The Great Wardrobe Accounts of Henry VII and Henry VIII'', (London Record Society, 2012). * ''Rich Apparel: Clothing and the Law Henry VIII's England'', (Ashgate, 2009). * ''Dress at the Court of King Henry VIII'' (Maney, 2007). * ''The 1542 Inventory of Whitehall: the palace and its keeper'', vols 1 & 2 (Society of Antiquaries of London, 2004). References {{DEFAULTSORT:Hayward, Maria Livin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blackwork
Blackwork, sometimes historically termed Spanish blackwork, is a form of embroidery generally worked in black thread, although other colours are also used on occasion, as in scarletwork, where the embroidery is worked in red thread. Originating in Tudor period England, blackwork typically, though not always, takes the form of a counted-thread embroidery, where the warp and weft yarns of a fabric are counted for the length of each stitch, producing uniform-length stitches and a precise pattern on an even-weave fabric. Blackwork may also take the form of free-stitch embroidery, where the yarns of a fabric are not counted while sewing. Traditionally, blackwork is worked in silk thread on white or off-white linen or cotton fabric. Sometimes metallic threads or coloured threads are used for accents. Technique The stitches used for counted thread blackwork are double running or holbein stitch, backstitch, and sometimes stem stitch. Historically, blackwork was worked on plain-weav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ruff (clothing)
A ruff is an item of clothing worn in Western, Central, and Northern Europe and Spanish America from the mid-16th century to the mid-17th century. The round and flat variation is often called a millstone collar after its resemblance to millstones for grinding grain. History The ruff, which was worn by men, women and children, evolved from the small fabric ruffle at the neck of the shirt or chemise. Ruffs served as changeable pieces of cloth that could themselves be laundered separately while keeping the wearer's doublet or gown from becoming soiled at the neckline. The stiffness of the garment forced upright posture, and their impracticality led them to become a symbol of wealth and status. Ruffs were primarily made from linen cambric, stiffened with starch imported from the Low Countries. Later ruffs were sometimes made entirely from lace, an expensive embellishment developed in the early sixteenth century. The size of the ruff increased as the century went on. "Ten yards ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
David Des Granges
David des Granges (baptised 1611, d. in or before c.1672) was an Anglo-French miniature painter. Life The son of Samson de Granges and his wife Marie Bouvier, he was baptised twice on 24 March 1611, at the French church on Threadneedle Street, and St Ann Blackfriars. He married in 1636 and moved from the parish of St Ann Blackfriars to Long Acre, where he was living again at the end of his life, c.1672. Des Granges was initially influenced as a miniature painter by John Hoskins and Peter Oliver. Contemporaries attest that he worked also as an engraver, and in oils; he is thought to have been involved in the copying of miniatures, a form of production that became important with the outbreak of the English Civil War and the demand for tokens of loyalty. Des Granges was with Charles II in Scotland in the early 1650s, copying a likeness of Charles by Adriaen Hanneman. After the English Restoration of 1660, Des Granges was influenced by the court painter Jacob Huysmans Jacob ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anne Of Denmark
Anne of Denmark (; 12 December 1574 – 2 March 1619) was the wife of King James VI and I; as such, she was Queen of Scotland The monarchy of the United Kingdom, commonly referred to as the British monarchy, is the constitutional form of government by which a hereditary sovereign reigns as the head of state of the United Kingdom, the Crown Dependencies (the Bailiw ... from their marriage on 20 August 1589 and Queen of England and Ireland from the union of the Scottish and English crowns on 24 March 1603 until her death in 1619. The second daughter of King Frederick II of Denmark and Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow, Anne married James at age 14. They had three children who survived infancy: Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales, who predeceased his parents; Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia, Princess Elizabeth, who became Queen of Bohemia; and James's future successor, Charles I of England, Charles I. Anne demonstrated an independent streak and a willingness to use fa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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