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Secale Vavilovii
''Secale vavilovii'' is a species of grass (family Poaceae), native to Turkey, the Transcaucasus, Iraq, and Iran. An annual, it is a crop wild relative of rye (''Secale cereale'') and is being studied for its resistance to Fusarium ear blight Fusarium ear blight (FEB) (also called Fusarium head blight, FHB, or scab), is a fungus, fungal disease of cereals, including wheat, barley, oats, rye and triticale. FEB is caused by a range of ''Fusarium'' fungi, which infects the heads of the cr ... and Septoria leaf blotch. References Rye Flora of Turkey Flora of the Transcaucasus Flora of Iraq Flora of Iran Plants described in 1924 {{Pooideae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Botanical Garden Munich-Nymphenburg
The Botanischer Garten München-Nymphenburg is a botanical garden and arboretum in Munich, Germany. History Munich's first botanical garden, now called the "Alter Botanischer Garten (Munich), Old Botanical Garden", was established in 1809 based on designs by Friedrich Ludwig von Sckell near Karlsplatz (Stachus), Karlsplatz, where its remains are still visible. It was replaced by the Botanical Garden of Munich-Nymphenburg in 1912/13 and officially opened on 10 May 1914. The garden was designed by Peter Holfelder who worked closely with Walter Kupper and Leonhard Dillis. Description The garden cultivates about 19,600 species and subspecies on an area of . Its mission is to provide a beautiful and restful environment as well as educate the public about plants and nature more broadly. Major collections include an alpine garden, an arboretum, rose collections, and a so-called "systematic garden" in which plants are arranged by taxonomic families. The garden also contains ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Alfonsovich Grossheim
Alexander Alfonsovich Grossheim (6 March 1888 – 4 December 1948) was a Soviet botanist of German descent. He traveled widely over the Caucasus region collecting and studying various different plant life. He is most known for Pteridophytes and Spermatophytes species. Biography Alexander Alfonsovich Grossheim (or Grossgeim) was born in Likhovka, Russian Empire (now Lykhivka in Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, Ukraine). He was an expert on the flora of the Caucasus. After graduating from University of Moscow with a doctorate in 1912, he became the director of the Azerbaijan Institute of Botany. In 1919, he described ''Fritillaria grandiflora'', which later re-classified as a subspecies of '' Fritillaria kotschyena'' and '' Fritiallaria tatianae''. Together with Boris Schischkin he published the exsiccata series ''Plantae orientales exsiccatae'' (1924-1928). From 1929 he moved to the Tiflis (Tbilisi) Botanic Garden in Georgia. He still carried on plant collecting expeditions in the Cauc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Secale Vavilovii MHNT
''Secale'' is a genus of the grass tribe Triticeae, which is related to barley (''Hordeum'') and wheat (''Triticum''). The genus includes cultivated species such as rye (''Secale cereale'') as well as weedy and wild rye species. The best-known species of the genus is the cultivated rye, ''S. cereale'', which is grown as a grain and forage crop. Wild and weedy rye species help provide a huge gene pool that can be used for improvement of the cultivated rye.Chikmawati, T., Miftahudin, & Gustafson, J. P. (2013). Rye (''Secale cereale'' L.) and wheat (''Triticum aestivum'' L.) simple sequence repeat variation within ''Secale'' spp. (''Poaceae''). ''HAYATI Journal of Biosciences'', ''20''(4), 163–170. doi:10.4308/hjb.20.4.163 The genus ''Secale'' includes the cultivated rye and four to eleven wild species depending on the species criteria used. Commonly recognized species of the genus are the annuals, ''S. cereale'', ''S. vavilovii'' Grouch, and ''S. sylvestre'' and perennial ''S. st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grass
Poaceae ( ), also called Gramineae ( ), is a large and nearly ubiquitous family (biology), family of monocotyledonous flowering plants commonly known as grasses. It includes the cereal grasses, bamboos, the grasses of natural grassland and species cultivated in lawns and pasture. The latter are commonly referred to collectively as grass. With around 780 genera and around 12,000 species, the Poaceae is the fifth-largest :plant families, plant family, following the Asteraceae, Orchidaceae, Fabaceae and Rubiaceae. The Poaceae are the most economically important plant family, including staple foods from domesticated cereal crops such as maize, wheat, rice, oats, barley, and millet for people and as forage, feed for livestock, meat-producing animals. They provide, through direct human consumption, just over one-half (51%) of all dietary energy; rice provides 20%, wheat supplies 20%, maize (corn) 5.5%, and other grains 6%. Some members of the Poaceae are used as building materials ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poaceae
Poaceae ( ), also called Gramineae ( ), is a large and nearly ubiquitous family of monocotyledonous flowering plants commonly known as grasses. It includes the cereal grasses, bamboos, the grasses of natural grassland and species cultivated in lawns and pasture. The latter are commonly referred to collectively as grass. With around 780 genera and around 12,000 species, the Poaceae is the fifth-largest plant family, following the Asteraceae, Orchidaceae, Fabaceae and Rubiaceae. The Poaceae are the most economically important plant family, including staple foods from domesticated cereal crops such as maize, wheat, rice, oats, barley, and millet for people and as feed for meat-producing animals. They provide, through direct human consumption, just over one-half (51%) of all dietary energy; rice provides 20%, wheat supplies 20%, maize (corn) 5.5%, and other grains 6%. Some members of the Poaceae are used as building materials ( bamboo, thatch, and straw); oth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transcaucasus
The South Caucasus, also known as Transcaucasia or the Transcaucasus, is a geographical region on the border of Eastern Europe and West Asia, straddling the southern Caucasus Mountains. The South Caucasus roughly corresponds to modern Armenia, Georgia, and Azerbaijan, which are sometimes collectively known as the Caucasian States. The total area of these countries measures about . The South Caucasus and the North Caucasus together comprise the larger Caucasus geographical region that divides Eurasia. The South Caucasus is a dynamic and complex region where the three countries have pursued distinct geopolitical pathways. Geography The South Caucasus spans the southern portion of the Caucasus Mountains and their lowlands, straddling the border between the continents of Europe and Asia, and extending southwards from the southern part of the Main Caucasian Range of southwestern Russia to the Turkish and Armenian borders, and from the Black Sea in the west to the Caspian Sea coa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crop Wild Relative
A crop wild relative (CWR) is a wild plant closely related to a domesticated plant. It may be a wild ancestor of the domesticated (cultivated) plant or another closely related taxon. Overview The wild relatives of crop plants constitute an increasingly important resource for improving agricultural production and for maintaining sustainable agro-ecosystems. Their natural selection in the wild accumulates a rich set of useful traits that can be introduced into crop plants by crossing. With the advent of anthropogenic climate change and greater ecosystem instability CWRs are likely to prove a critical resource in ensuring food security for the new millennium. It was Nikolai Vavilov, the Russian botanist who first realized the importance of crop wild relatives in the early 20th century. Genetic material from CWRs has been utilized by humans for thousands of years to improve the quality and yield of crops. Farmers have used traditional breeding methods for millennia, wild maize ('' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fusarium Ear Blight
Fusarium ear blight (FEB) (also called Fusarium head blight, FHB, or scab), is a fungus, fungal disease of cereals, including wheat, barley, oats, rye and triticale. FEB is caused by a range of ''Fusarium'' fungi, which infects the heads of the crop, reducing grain yield. The disease is often associated with contamination by mycotoxins produced by the fungi already when the crop is growing in the field. The disease can cause severe economic losses as mycotoxin-contaminated grain cannot be sold for food or feed. Causal organism Fusarium ear blight is caused by several species of ''Fusarium'' fungi, belonging to the Ascomycota. The most common species causing FEB are: * ''Gibberella avenacea, Fusarium avenaceum'' (Teleomorph, anamorph and holomorph, teleomorph: ''Gibberella avenacea'') * ''Fusarium culmorum'' * ''Gibberella zeae, Fusarium graminearum'' (teleomorph: ''Gibberella zeae'') * ''Fusarium poae'' * ''Microdochium nivale'' (teleomorph: ''Monographella nivalis'', formerly ''Fu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Septoria Leaf Blotch
''Zymoseptoria tritici'', synonyms ''Septoria tritici'', ''Mycosphaerella graminicola'', is a species of filamentous fungus, an ascomycete in the family '' Mycosphaerellaceae''. It is a wheat plant pathogen causing septoria leaf blotch that is difficult to control due to resistance to multiple fungicides. The pathogen today causes one of the most important diseases of wheat. In 2011, Quaedvlieg et al. introduced a new combination for this species: ''Zymoseptoria tritici'', as they found that the type strains of both the genus ''Mycosphaerella'' (linked to the anamorph genus ''Ramularia'') and the genus ''Septoria'' (linked to the genus ''Septoria'', an extensive clade of very distinct septoria-like species within the ''Mycosphaerellaceae'') clustered separately from the clade containing both ''Zymoseptoria tritici'' and ''Z. passerinii''. Since 2011, a total of eight ''Zymoseptoria'' species have been described within the genus ''Zymoseptoria''; ''Z. tritici'' (the type of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flora Of Turkey
The flora of Turkey consists of almost 10,000 species of plants, as well as a number of fungi and algae. Around 32% of Turkey's plants are found only in the country. One reason for the high proportion of endemics is that Anatolia is both mountainous and quite fragmented. The country is divided into three main floristic areas: the Mediterranean, Euro-Siberian, and Irano-Tranian area. The flora of the European part of Turkey is similar to that of adjoining Greece. The ecoregions here include Balkan mixed forests dominated by Oak, oaks, and Aegean and Western Turkey sclerophyllous and mixed forests where some of the main species are oaks, Arbutus unedo, strawberry tree, ''Arbutus andrachne, Greek strawberry tree'', Spartium junceum, Spanish broom and Laurus nobilis, laurel. The country is at a meeting point of three Phytogeography, phytogeographical regions Mediterranean basin, Mediterranean, Euro-Siberian region, Euro-Siberian, and Irano-Turanian Region, Irano-Turonian. The regio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flora Of The Transcaucasus
Flora (: floras or florae) is all the plant life present in a particular region or time, generally the naturally occurring ( indigenous) native plants. The corresponding term for animals is ''fauna'', and for fungi, it is '' funga''. Sometimes bacteria and fungi are also referred to as flora as in the terms ''gut flora'' or ''skin flora'' for purposes of specificity. Etymology The word "flora" comes from the Latin name of Flora, the goddess of plants, flowers, and fertility in Roman mythology. The technical term "flora" is then derived from a metonymy of this goddess at the end of the sixteenth century. It was first used in poetry to denote the natural vegetation of an area, but soon also assumed the meaning of a work cataloguing such vegetation. Moreover, "Flora" was used to refer to the flowers of an artificial garden in the seventeenth century. The distinction between vegetation (the general appearance of a community) and flora (the taxonomic composition of a community) wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flora Of Iraq
The wildlife of Iraq includes its flora and fauna and their natural habitats. Iraq has multiple biomes from mountainous region in the north to the wet marshlands along the Euphrates river. The western part of the country is mainly desert and some semi-arid regions. As of 2001, seven of Iraq's mammal species and 12 of its bird species were endangered. The endangered species include the northern bald ibis and Persian fallow deer. The Syrian wild ass is extinct, and the Saudi Arabian dorcas gazelle was declared extinct in 2008. Mesopotamian marshes The marshes are home to 40 species of birds and several species of fish, plus they demarcate a range limit for a number of bird species. The marshes were once home to millions of birds and the stopover for millions of migratory birds, including flamingo, pelican and heron as they migrated from Siberia to Africa. At risk are 40% to 60% of the world's marbled teal population that live in the marshes, along with 90% of the world's populati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
