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Seamen's Union Of Australia
The Seamen's Union of Australia (SUA) was the principal trade union for merchant seamen in Australia from 1876 to 1991. The SUA developed a reputation as one of the most militant trade unions in Australia and was closely associated with the communist movement in Australia. The SUA merged in 1993 with the Waterside Workers' Federation to become the Maritime Union of Australia (MUA). History Background Australian seamen were forerunners of maritime trade unionism. Efforts to form trade unions amongst merchant seamen trading out of Australian ports can be traced back to 1874, with the formation of the Sydney Seamen's Union and Melbourne Seamen's Union. The trade unions of this period inspired, among others, J. Havelock Wilson of the British National Union of Seamen, who served on Australian coasting vessels for a period in the late 1870s. By 1890, a number of these unions had come together to form a loose federation called the Federated Seamen's Union of Australasia, which in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, smaller islands. With an area of , Australia is the largest country by area in Oceania and the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, sixth-largest country. Australia is the oldest, flattest, and driest inhabited continent, with the least fertile soils. It is a Megadiverse countries, megadiverse country, and its size gives it a wide variety of landscapes and climates, with Deserts of Australia, deserts in the centre, tropical Forests of Australia, rainforests in the north-east, and List of mountains in Australia, mountain ranges in the south-east. The ancestors of Aboriginal Australians began arriving from south east Asia approximately Early human migrations#Nearby Oceania, 65,000 years ago, during the Last Glacial Period, last i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers. World War II was a total war that directly involved more than 100 million personnel from more than 30 countries. The major participants in the war threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. Aircraft played a major role in the conflict, enabling the strategic bombing of population centres and deploying the only two nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II was by far the deadliest conflict in human history; it resulted in 70 to 85 million fatalities, mostly among civilians. Tens of millions died due to genocides (including the Holocaust), starvation, ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trade Unions Established In 1890
Trade involves the transfer of goods and services from one person or entity to another, often in exchange for money. Economists refer to a system or network that allows trade as a market. An early form of trade, barter, saw the direct exchange of goods and services for other goods and services, i.e. trading things without the use of money. Modern traders generally negotiate through a medium of exchange, such as money. As a result, buying can be separated from selling, or earning. The invention of money (and letter of credit, paper money, and non-physical money) greatly simplified and promoted trade. Trade between two traders is called bilateral trade, while trade involving more than two traders is called multilateral trade. In one modern view, trade exists due to specialization and the division of labour, a predominant form of economic activity in which individuals and groups concentrate on a small aspect of production, but use their output in trades for other products a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Defunct Trade Unions Of Australia
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Defunct (no longer in use or active) may refer to: * ''Defunct'' (video game), 2014 * Zombie process or defunct process, in Unix-like operating systems See also * * :Former entities * End-of-life product * Obsolescence Obsolescence is the state of being which occurs when an object, service, or practice is no longer maintained or required even though it may still be in good working order. It usually happens when something that is more efficient or less risky r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rowan Cahill
Rowan Cahill (born 1945) is an Australian radical historian and journalist, with a background as a teacher and farmhand, who variously worked for the Australian labour movement, trade union movement as a rank and file activist, delegate and publicist. Biography Rowan Cahill was educated in state schools, his secondary schooling taking place at Normanhurst Boys' High School (NSW). He is a graduate of Sydney University, the University of New England, and Wollongong University. During the Military history of Australia during the Vietnam War, Vietnam War he was a conscientious objector, and was prominent in the anti-war, student protest, and New Left movements of the period, primarily as a publicist and communicator. Formative journalistic influences during the 1960s were gained on the Sydney University student newspaper ''Honi Soit'' under the editorships of Hall Greenland and Keith Windschuttle. In 1967 Cahill was a founder of the radical and innovative Sydney Free University (196 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Professional Divers' Association Of Australia
Professional Divers' Association of Australia was an Australian trade union which existed between 1969 and 1991.Huntley, Pat and Huntley, Ian. (1985). "''Inside Australia's Top 100 Trade Union''". Northbridge:Ian Huntley Pty. Ltd. Smith, Bruce A. created 4 November 2001, last modified 12 December 2002. ''Trade Union Entry: Professional Divers Association of Australia''. "http://www.atua.org.au/biogs/ALE0715b.htm" Australian Trade Union Archives. Retrieved 5 October 2011. The union had coverage of all workers employed underwater in Australia, principally as professional divers. Formation The PDAA was established on 1 May 1969 at a meeting of several divers, dissatisfied over the lack of job security in the diving industry, Occupational Health and Safety issues, and the significantly lower wages received by Australian divers compared to their overseas counterparts. Despite starting from a low membership base, the union achieved registration in 1971, following strike action in 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federated Marine Stewards And Pantrymen's Association
Federated Marine Stewards and Pantrymen's Association of Australasia was an Australian trade union established in 1884, Kirkby, Diane. (2008). "''Voices from the ships: Australia's seafarers and their union''". Sydney: University of New South Wales Press Ltd. . dui: 331.88113875. and existing as a federal union from 1909 to 1988.Smith, Bruce A. created 20 April 2001, last modified 6 August 2010. Trade Union Entry: Federated Marine Stewards & Pantrymen's Association of Australasia. "http://www.atua.org.au/biogs/ALE0467b.htm". Australian Trade Union Archives. Retrieved 13 March 2011. The association represented marine stewards and stewardesses, marine pantrymen and crew attendants. The union operated a closed shop, with all workers employed in the industry members of the union, and operated on a 'no OK card - no job' principle. The Association amalgamated with the Seamen's Union of Australia in 1988. Politics For most of its history the union had poor relations with the more ra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marine Cooks Bakers And Butchers Association
Marine Cooks, Bakers and Butchers' Association of Australasia was an Australian trade union. It was formed in Melbourne in August 1907 as a breakaway group from the Federated Stewards and Cooks' Union of Australia and was registered under the ''Commonwealth Conciliation and Arbitration Act 1904'' in January 1908 and affiliated with the Victorian Trades Hall Council, Trades and Labour Council in April 1908. The Association represented workers employed as cooks, bakers, butchers and other food preparation roles aboard ships in Australia and New Zealand. In November 1908 Mr Justice Higgins issued a judgement on rates of pay and hours for marine cooks in a case involving the Association and the Commonwealth Steamship Owners' Association. The Association moved its Head Office moved from Melbourne to Sydney in January 1915. In 1983, the Association completed amalgamation with the Seamen's Union of Australia (SUA).Smith, Bruce A. created 20 April 2001, last modified 6 August 2010. Trade ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flag Of Convenience
Flag of convenience (FOC) is a business practice whereby a ship's owners register a merchant ship in a ship register of a country other than that of the ship's owners, and the ship flies the civil ensign of that country, called the flag state.Bernaert, 2006, p. 104. The term is often used pejoratively, and although common, the practice is sometimes regarded as contentious. Each merchant ship is required by international law to be registered in a registry created by a country,ICFTU et al., 2002, p. 7. and a ship is subject to the laws of that country, which are used also if the ship is involved in a case under admiralty law. A ship's owners may elect to register a ship in a foreign country so as to avoid the regulations of the owners' country, which may, for example, have stricter safety standards. They may also select a jurisdiction to reduce operating costs, avoiding higher taxes in the owners' country and bypassing laws that protect the wages and working conditions of marin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indonesian Republic
Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guinea. Indonesia is the world's largest archipelagic state and the 14th-largest country by area, at . With over 275 million people, Indonesia is the world's fourth-most populous country and the most populous Muslim-majority country. Java, the world's most populous island, is home to more than half of the country's population. Indonesia is a presidential republic with an elected legislature. It has 38 provinces, of which nine have special status. The country's capital, Jakarta, is the world's second-most populous urban area. Indonesia shares land borders with Papua New Guinea, East Timor, and the eastern part of Malaysia, as well as maritime borders with Singapore, Vietnam, Thailand, the Philippines, Australia, Palau, and India (Andaman and N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
