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Scholar's Mate
In chess, the scholar's mate is the checkmate achieved by the following moves, or similar: :1. e4 e5 :2. Qh5 Nc6 :3. Bc4 Nf6?? :4. Qxf7 The same mating pattern may be reached by various move orders. For example, White might play 2.Bc4. In all variations, the basic idea is the same: the queen and bishop combine in a simple mating attack, occurring on f7 for White or on f2 for Black. The scholar's mate is sometimes referred to as the four-move checkmate, although there are other ways for checkmate to occur in four moves. History The scholar's mate was named and described in ''The Royall Game of Chesse-Play'', a 1656 text by Francis Beale which adapted the work of the early chess writer Gioachino Greco. The example given above is an adaptation of that reported by Beale. All of the details are coherent from the modern perspective except for the first moves by each player—if Black's pawn advances only one square, this prevents White's bishop from supporting the whit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chess
Chess is a board game for two players, called White and Black, each controlling an army of chess pieces in their color, with the objective to checkmate the opponent's king. It is sometimes called international chess or Western chess to distinguish it from related games, such as xiangqi (Chinese chess) and shogi (Japanese chess). The recorded history of chess goes back at least to the emergence of a similar game, chaturanga, in seventh-century India. The rules of chess as we know them today emerged in Europe at the end of the 15th century, with standardization and universal acceptance by the end of the 19th century. Today, chess is one of the world's most popular games, played by millions of people worldwide. Chess is an abstract strategy game that involves no hidden information and no use of dice or cards. It is played on a chessboard with 64 squares arranged in an eight-by-eight grid. At the start, each player controls sixteen pieces: one king, one queen, two rooks, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scandinavian Defense
The Scandinavian Defense (or Center Counter Defense, or Center Counter Game) is a chess opening characterized by the moves: :1. e4 d5 This opening is classified under code B01 in the ''Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings'' (). The Scandinavian Defense, described in the poem ''Scachs d'amor'', is the oldest opening by Black recorded in modern chess. The general goal of the defense is to prevent White from controlling the center of the board with pawns, effectively forcing an open game, while allowing Black to build a strong pawn structure. History Origin The Scandinavian Defense is one of the oldest recorded openings, first recorded as a fictional game between Francesc de Castellví and Narcís Vinyoles in Valencia around 1475 in what may be the first recorded game of modern chess. It was also listed in the 1497 Lucena's book "Repetition of Love and the Art of Playing Chess with 150 Games". 19th and early 20th centuries Analysis by Scandinavian masters in the late 19th cent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Checkmate Pattern
In chess, several checkmate patterns occur frequently enough to have acquired specific names in chess commentaryBy definition a checkmate pattern is a recognizable/particular/studied arrangements of pieces that delivers checkmate. The diagrams that follow show these checkmates with White checkmating Black. Anastasia's mate In Anastasia's mate, a knight and rook team up to trap the opposing king between the side of the board on one side and a friendly piece on the other. Often, the queen is first sacrificed along the a-file or h-file to achieve the position. A bishop can be used instead of a knight to the same effect (see Greco's mate). This checkmate gets its name from the novel ''Anastasia und das Schachspiel'' by Johann Jakob Wilhelm Heinse, but the novelist took the chess position from an essay by Giambattista Lolli. Anderssen's mate In Anderssen's mate (named for Adolf Anderssen), the rook or queen is supported by a diagonally attacking piece such as a pawn or bishop as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chess Middlegame
The middlegame is the portion of a chess game between the opening and the endgame. It is generally considered to begin when each player has completed the development of all or most of their pieces and brought their king to relative safety, and it is generally considered to end when only a few pieces remain on the board. However, there is no clear line between the opening and middlegame or between the middlegame and endgame. At master level, the opening analysis may go well into the middlegame; likewise, the middlegame blends into the endgame. Theory on the middlegame is less developed than the opening or endgames. Since middlegame positions are unique from game to game, memorization of theoretical variations is not possible as it is in the opening. Likewise, there are usually too many pieces on the board for theoretical positions to be completely analyzed as can be done in the simpler endgames. Defining the middlegame Views vary on when the opening ends and the middlegame begins ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hikaru Nakamura
Christopher Hikaru NakamuraMemorandum in Support of Defendant Christopher Hikaru Nakamura's Motion to Dismiss , December 7, 2022 (born December 9, 1987) is an American , |
Grandmaster (chess)
Grandmaster (GM) is a title awarded to chess players by the world chess organization FIDE. Apart from World Champion, Grandmaster is the highest title a chess player can attain. Once achieved, the title is held for life, though exceptionally it has been revoked for cheating. The title of Grandmaster, along with the lesser FIDE titles of International Master (IM) and FIDE Master (FM), is open to all players regardless of gender. The great majority of grandmasters are men, but 40 women have been awarded the GM title as of 2022, out of a total of about 2000 grandmasters. Since about the year 2000, most of the top 10 women have held the GM title. There is also a Woman Grandmaster title with lower requirements awarded only to women. There are also Grandmaster titles for composers and solvers of chess problems, awarded by the World Federation for Chess Composition (see List of grandmasters for chess composition). The International Correspondence Chess Federation (ICCF) awards the tit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Napoleon Opening
The Napoleon Opening is an irregular chess opening starting with the moves: :1. e4 e5 :2. Qf3 As with the similar Danvers Opening (2.Qh5), White hopes for the Scholar's mate (2...Nc6 3.Bc4 Bc5 4.Qxf7), but Black can easily avoid the attack. History The Napoleon Opening is named after the French general and emperor Napoleon Bonaparte, who had a deep love of chess but was said to be a mediocre player. The name came into use after mid-nineteenth century publications reported that he played this opening in an 1809 game that he lost to The Turk, a fake chess automaton operated at the time by Johann Allgaier.Murray, H.J.R. ''A Short History of Chess'' (London: Oxford University Press), 1963 posthumously, p. 79. Assessment The Napoleon is a weak opening because it the white queen prematurely and subjects it to attack, and deprives the white of its best development square. See also * List of chess openings * List of chess openings named after people ''The Oxford Companion t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Danvers Opening
The Danvers Opening,''Edward Winter''at chesshistory.com also known as the Kentucky Opening,''The_Talking_Drum_featuring_Bernard_Parham''_6_July_2003_is_an_unorthodox_chess_opening_characterized_by_the_moves: :1._ ''The_Talking_Drum_featuring_Bernard_Parham''">Bernard_Parham">''The_Talking_Drum_featuring_Bernard_Parham''_6_July_2003_is_an_unorthodox_chess_opening_characterized_by_the_moves: :1._b:Chess_Opening_Theory/1._e4">e4_ ''The_Talking_Drum_featuring_Bernard_Parham''">Bernard_Parham">''The_Talking_Drum_featuring_Bernard_Parham''_6_July_2003_is_an_unorthodox_chess_opening_characterized_by_the_moves: :1._b:Chess_Opening_Theory/1._e4">e4_b:Chess_Opening_Theory/1._e4/1...e5">e5 :2._b:Chess_Opening_Theory/1._e4/1...e5/2._Qh5.html" ;"title="b:Chess_Opening_Theory/1._e4/1...e5.html" ;"title="b:Chess_Opening_Theory/1._e4.html" ;"title="Bernard_Parham''.html" ;"title="Bernard Parham">''The Talking Drum featuring Bernard Parham''">Bernard Parham">''The Talking Drum featuring Bernard Pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vienna Game, Frankenstein–Dracula Variation
The Frankenstein–Dracula Variation is a chess opening for Black, usually considered a variation of the Vienna Game, beginning with the moves: :1. e4 e5 :2. Nc3 Nf6 :3. Bc4 Nxe4 or it can be reached by transposition from the Bishop's Opening: :2. Bc4 Nf6 :3. Nc3 Nxe4 The opening involves many complications; however, with accurate play the opening is viable for both sides. The variation was given its name by Tim Harding in his 1976 book on the Vienna Game, in which he said that the bloodthirstiness of the character of play was such that "a game between Dracula and the Frankenstein Monster would not seem out of place." The line is rarely seen in top-level play. Ivanchuk used the opening against Viswanathan Anand in Roquebrune in 1992 in a game that ended in a draw. Alexei Shirov also played it as Black in a simultaneous exhibition in Canada 2011. In 2019, Hikaru Nakamura played the opening in a rapid game in St. Louis against Jan-Krzysztof Duda. Annotated move ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sacrifice (chess)
In chess, a sacrifice is a move that gives up a piece with the objective of gaining tactical or positional compensation in other forms. A sacrifice could also be a deliberate exchange of a chess piece of higher value for an opponent's piece of lower value. Any chess piece except the king may be sacrificed. Because players usually try to hold on to their own pieces, offering a sacrifice can come as an unpleasant surprise to one's opponent, putting them off balance and causing them to waste precious time trying to calculate whether the sacrifice is sound or not, and whether to accept it. Sacrificing one's queen (the most valuable piece), or a string of pieces, adds to the surprise, and such games can be awarded . Types of sacrifice Real versus sham Rudolf Spielmann proposed a division between sham and real sacrifices: * In a ''real sacrifice'', the sacrificing player will often have to play on with less than their opponent for quite some time. * In a ''sham sacrifice'', t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fried Liver Attack
The Fried Liver Attack, also called the Fegatello Attack (named after an Italian dish), is a chess opening. This opening is a variation of the Two Knights Defense in which White sacrifices a knight for an attack on Black's king. The opening begins with the moves: :1. e4 e5 :2. Nf3 Nc6 :3. Bc4 Nf6 :4. Ng5 d5 :5. exd5 Nxd5?! This is the Two Knights Defense where White has chosen the offensive line 4.Ng5, but Black's last move is risky (other Black choices include 5...Na5, 5...b5, and 5...Nd4). Bobby Fischer felt that 6.d4! (the Lolli Attack) was incredibly strong, to the point 5...Nxd5 is rarely played; Fischer's analysis of this line is in game 45, Fischer - Bisguier 1963 however, the Fried Liver Attack involves a knight sacrifice on f7, defined by the moves: :6. Nxf7 Kxf7 The opening is popular with younger players who like the name and the aggressive, attacking style. It is classified as code C57 in the ''Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings''. History The Fried Li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Two Knights Defense
The Two Knights Defense is a chess opening that begins with the moves: :1. e4 e5 :2. Nf3 Nc6 :3. Bc4 Nf6 First recorded by Giulio Cesare Polerio (c. 1550 – c. 1610) in the late 16th century, this line of the Italian Game was extensively developed in the 19th century. Black's third move is a more aggressive defense than the Giuoco Piano ( 3...Bc5). Black invites White to attack his f7-pawn with 4.Ng5. If White accepts the offer, the game quickly takes on a tactical character: Black is practically to give up a pawn for the initiative. The complications are such that David Bronstein suggested that the term "defense" does not fit, and that the name "Chigorin Counterattack" would be more appropriate. The Two Knights has been adopted as Black by many aggressive players including Mikhail Chigorin and Paul Keres, and world champions Mikhail Tal and Boris Spassky. In modern grandmaster play, 3.Bc4 is less common than 3.Bb5, and the more solid 3...Bc5 is the most frequent rep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
