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Sarah Mary Fitton
Sarah Fitton (c. 1796 – 30 March 1874) was an Irish writer and botanist. Assisted by her sister Elizabeth, Sarah Fitton wrote ''Conversations on Botany'' (1817), framed as a series of conversations between a mother and her son on botany and the principles of Linnaean taxonomy. The book focuses on the identification and use of plants in a domestic setting, and influenced the popularity of botany as a field of scientific study for women. Color engravings differ between editions of the book. Life Sarah Mary (or Margaret) Fitton was born in Dublin to Nicholas Fitton, a Dublin attorney, and his wife Jane Greene. She had one brother, William Henry Fitton, and two sisters, Elizabeth (fl. 1817–1834) and Susanna. For much of their lives, Sarah, her sisters and her mother were satellites of their brother William, following him to Edinburgh, Northampton, and London. William was trained as a physician and was by avocation a geologist. He was active in scientific circles both professio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dublin
Dublin (; , or ) is the capital and largest city of Republic of Ireland, Ireland. On a bay at the mouth of the River Liffey, it is in the Provinces of Ireland, province of Leinster, bordered on the south by the Dublin Mountains, a part of the Wicklow Mountains range. At the 2016 census of Ireland, 2016 census it had a population of 1,173,179, while the preliminary results of the 2022 census of Ireland, 2022 census recorded that County Dublin as a whole had a population of 1,450,701, and that the population of the Greater Dublin Area was over 2 million, or roughly 40% of the Republic of Ireland's total population. A settlement was established in the area by the Gaels during or before the 7th century, followed by the Vikings. As the Kings of Dublin, Kingdom of Dublin grew, it became Ireland's principal settlement by the 12th century Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland. The city expanded rapidly from the 17th century and was briefly the second largest in the British Empire and sixt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Withering
William Withering FRS (17 March 1741 – 6 October 1799) was an English botanist, geologist, chemist, physician and first systematic investigator of the bioactivity of digitalis. Withering was born in Wellington, Shropshire, the son of a surgeon. He trained as a physician and studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh Medical School. He worked at Birmingham General Hospital from 1779. The story is that he noticed a person with dropsy (swelling from congestive heart failure) improve remarkably after taking a traditional herbal remedy; Withering became famous for recognising that the active ingredient in the mixture came from the foxglove plant. The active ingredient is now known as digoxin, after the plant's scientific name. In 1785, Withering published ''An Account of the Foxglove and some of its Medical Uses'', which contained reports on clinical trials and notes on digitalis's effects and toxicity. Biography Born in England, Withering attended Edinburgh Medical School ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henri Eugène Lucien Gaëtan Coemans
Henri Eugène Lucien Gaëtan Coemans (30 October 1825, Brussels – 8 January 1871, Ghent) was a Belgian Catholic priest and botanist. In 1848 he obtained his ordination, later serving as a curate in Ghent (from 1853). In 1864 he became a member of the ''Académie royale des Sciences et Belles-Lettres de Bruxelles'', followed by a professorship at the Catholic University of Leuven in 1866. From 1868 to 1871 he was director of a Franciscan convent in Ghent. As a taxonomist he identified the genus ''Fittonia'' (family Acanthaceae). The genus ''Coemansia'' is named in his honor. Selected works * ''Monographie du genre Pilobolus, Tode, spècialement ètudiè au point de vue anatomique et physiologique'', 1861 - Monograph of the genus Pilobolus. * ''Spicilège mycologique'', 1862 - Mycological scrapbook. * ''Notices biographiques sur quelques lichenographes celebres'', 1864 - Biographical notices of some celebrated lichenologists. * ''Monographie des Spenophyllum d'Europe'' (with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sowerby Family
The Sowerby family () was a British family of several generations of naturalists, illustrators, botanists, and zoologists active from the late 18th century to the mid twentieth century. *James Sowerby (1757–1822) **James De Carle Sowerby (1787–1871) ***James Sowerby (1815–1834) ***William Sowerby (1827–1906) ***Joseph Sowerby (1829–ca.1871) ****Rev. Arthur Sowerby (1857–?) ***** Arthur de Carle Sowerby (1885–1954) **George Brettingham Sowerby I (1788–1854) ***George Brettingham Sowerby II (1812–1884) *** Charlotte Caroline Sowerby (1820–1865) ****George Brettingham Sowerby III (1843–1921) ** Charles Edward Sowerby (1795–1842) ***John Edward Sowerby (1825-1870) The three George Sowerbys produced major works on molluscs and their systematics. Together, they introduced numerous (sometimes the number 5000 is mentioned) taxonomic names. Because all three of the G.B Sowerbys published extensively on the subject of conchology, it is not easy even for professional ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Milton
Thomas Milton (1743 – 27 February 1827) was a British engraver. Biography He was a son of John Milton (fl. 1770), the marine painter, and was descended from a brother of the poet John Milton. From the character of his plates it seems probable that Milton was a pupil of William Woollett, and he is said to have practised for some time in London, but nothing is known of the work of his early life. He was living in Dublin in 1783, but had returned to London by 1786. Milton was a governor of the short-lived Society of Engravers founded in 1803. He died at Bristol on 27 February 1827. Works In 1783 appeared the first number of his ''Views of Seats in Ireland'', a series of twenty-four plates from drawings by William Ashford, John James Barralet, Francis Wheatley, and others; this work, which made Milton's reputation, was completed in 1793. From then on he seems to have relied on commissions from publishers. His other major plate was ''The Deluge'', engraved for Thomas Macklin's B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sempervivum Tectorum
''Sempervivum tectorum'', the common houseleek, is a species of flowering plant in the family Crassulaceae, native to the mountains of southern Europe, cultivated in the whole of Europe for its appearance and a Roman tradition claiming that it protects buildings against lightning strikes. Description Growing to tall by broad, it is a rosette-forming succulent evergreen perennial, spreading by offsets. It has grey-green, tufted, sessile leaves, in diameter, which are often suffused with rose-red. In summer it bears clusters of reddish-purple flowers, in multiples of 8–16, on hairy erect flat-topped stems. The species is highly variable, in part because hundreds of cultivars have been propagated, sold, and traded for nearly 200 years. ''Sempervivum tectorum'' was described in 1753 by Linnaeus, who noted that its leaves are ciliate, that is, fringed with hairs. Names This plant has been known to humans for thousands of years, and has attracted many common names and traditions ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rosa Canina
''Rosa canina'', commonly known as the dog rose, is a variable climbing, wild rose species native to Europe, northwest Africa, and western Asia. Description The dog rose is a deciduous shrub normally ranging in height from , though sometimes it can scramble higher into the crowns of taller trees. Its stems are covered with small, sharp, hooked prickles, which aid it in climbing. The leaves are pinnate, with 5–7 leaflets. Leaves have a delicious fragrance, when bruised. The dog rose blooms from June to July, with sweet scented flowers which are usually pale pink, but can vary between a deep pink and white. They are in diameter with five petals. As other roses it has a quintuscial aestivation (see sketch A in diagram). Unusually though of its five sepals, when viewed from underneath two are whiskered on both sides, two are quite smooth and one is whiskered (or bearded) on one side only. Flowers mature into an oval, , red-orange hip. The dog rose is hardy to zone 3 in the U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malva Sylvestris
''Malva sylvestris'' is a species of the mallow genus ''Malva'' in the family of Malvaceae and is considered to be the type species for the genus. Known as common mallow to English-speaking Europeans, it acquired the common names of cheeses, high mallow and tall mallow (mauve des bois by the French) as it migrated from its native home in Western Europe, North Africa and Asia through the English-speaking world. ''M. sylvestris'' is a vigorous plant with showy flowers of bright mauve-purple, with dark veins, standing high and growing freely in meadows, hedgerows and in fallow fields. Common names It is one of several species of different genera sometimes referred to as Creeping Charlie, a term more commonly applied to ''Glechoma hederacea'' (ground ivy). Description One of the major areas which Malva Sylvestris grow is north east and central of Iran . Also in North Africa, biennial in the Mediterranean and a perennial elsewhere. It can be straight or decumbent, branched, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lotus Corniculatus
''Lotus corniculatus'' is a flowering plant in the pea family Fabaceae, native to grasslands in temperate Eurasia and North Africa. Common names include common bird's-foot trefoil, eggs and bacon, birdsfoot deervetch, and just bird's-foot trefoil, though the latter name is often also applied to other members of the genus. It is a Perennial plant, perennial herbaceous plant, similar in appearance to some clovers. The name 'bird's foot' refers to the appearance of the seed pods on their stalk. Five leaflets are present, but with the central three held conspicuously above the others, hence the use of the name 'trefoil'. It is often used as forage and is widely used as food for livestock due to its nonbloating properties. Description The height of the plant is variable, from , occasionally more where supported by other plants; the stems can reach up to long. It is typically sprawling at the height of the surrounding grassland. It can survive fairly close grazing, trampling, and mow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ilex Aquifolium
''Ilex aquifolium'', the holly, common holly, English holly, European holly, or occasionally Christmas holly, is a species of flowering plant in the family (botany), family Aquifoliaceae, native plant, native to western and southern Europe, northwest Africa, and southwest Asia.Flora Europaea''Ilex aquifolium''/ref>Med-Checklist''Ilex aquifolium''/ref>Rushforth, K. (1999). ''Trees of Britain and Europe''. Collins .Flora of NW Europe''Ilex aquifolium'' It is regarded as the type species of the genus ''Holly, Ilex'', which by association is also called "holly". It is an evergreen tree or shrub found, for example, in shady areas of forests of oak and in beech hedges. In the British Isles it is one of very few native hardwood evergreen trees. It has a great capacity to adapt to different conditions and is a pioneer species that repopulates the margins of forests or clearcuts. ''I. aquifolium'' can exceed 10 m in height, but is often found at much smaller heights, typically tall and b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hypericum Androsaemum
''Hypericum androsaemum'', also referred to as Tutsan, Shrubby St. John's Wort, or sweet-amber, is a flowering plant in the family Hypericaceae. It is a perennial shrub reaching up to 70 cm in height, native to open woods and hillsides in Eurasia. Common name Tutsan comes from the French toute-sain meaning all heal due to its medicinal uses. This berry producing shrub is common in the Mediterranean basin where it has been traditionally used as diuretic and hepatoprotective herb. In the Portuguese ethno-medicine, the plant is locally known as ‘Hipericão do Gerês’ and it used as diuretic, hepato protective and antidepressant. In Spain, the infusion of the flowering aerial parts is used as an antidepressive and anxiolytic. In England, tutsan ointment is used to dress cuts and wounds. The berries turn from white/green, to red, to black. According to Shepherd (2004) all parts of the plant, particularly the fruit, are toxic due to the presence of hypericin, causing nausea and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daphne Mezereum
''Daphne mezereum'', commonly known as mezereum, mezereon, February daphne, spurge laurel or spurge olive, is a species of ''Daphne'' in the flowering plant family Thymelaeaceae, native to most of Europe and Western Asia, north to northern Scandinavia and Russia. In southern Europe it is confined to medium to higher elevations and in the subalpine vegetation zone, but descends to near sea level in northern Europe. It is generally confined to soils derived from limestone. Description It is a deciduous shrub growing to 1.5 m tall. The leaves are soft, 3–8 cm long and 1–2 cm broad, arranged spirally on the stems. The flowers are produced in early spring on the bare stems before the leaves appear. They have a four-lobed pink or light purple (rarely white) perianth 10–15 mm diameter, and are strongly scented. The fruit is a bright red berry 7–12 mm diameter; it is very poisonous for humans, though fruit-eating birds like thrushes are immune and eat them, d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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