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San Diego Trolley
The San Diego Trolley is a light rail system operating in the metropolitan area of San Diego. It is known colloquially as "The Trolley". The Trolley's operator, San Diego Trolley, Inc. (SDTI), is a subsidiary of the San Diego Metropolitan Transit System (MTS). The Trolley began service on July 26, 1981, making it the oldest of the second-generation light rail systems in the United States. The Trolley system serves 62 stations, comprises of route, three primary lines ( Blue Line, Orange Line, and Green Line) that operate daily, and one heritage line ( Silver Line) that operates on a circuit of downtown on select days. In , the Trolley had the fifth highest ridership of light rail systems in the United States, with annual rides, or about per weekday as of . History Early history Electric rail service in San Diego traces its roots back to 1891 when John D. Spreckels incorporated the San Diego Electric Railway. San Diego's streetcar system had been replaced with buses ...
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Blue Line (San Diego Trolley)
The Blue Line (officially the UC San Diego Blue Line for sponsorship purposes) is a light rail line in the San Diego Trolley system, operated by San Diego Trolley, Inc., an operating division of the San Diego Metropolitan Transit System (MTS). It operates between the and the , the latter of which is at the border with Mexico directly adjacent to the San Ysidro Port of Entry, facilitating easy connections across the border. The line serves La Jolla, Downtown San Diego, National City, Chula Vista, and San Ysidro. The line is one of four lines in the Trolley system, the others include the Green, Orange, and Silver lines. The Blue Line has the highest ridership of the San Diego Trolley's three regular lines, transporting 15,094,878 riders during FY 2014 and 16,532,209 riders during FY 2015, according to the MTS. It is named due to a $30 million naming rights deal with UC San Diego Health. An extension to its namesake campus of the University of California, San Diego, as well as ...
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Green Line (San Diego Trolley)
The Green Line is a light rail line in the San Diego Trolley system, operated by San Diego Trolley, Inc. an operating division of the San Diego Metropolitan Transit System (MTS). The route serves Downtown San Diego, Mission Valley, and the cities of La Mesa, El Cajon, and Santee. The Green Line has the second highest ridership of the San Diego Trolley's three regular lines, transporting 13,673,926 riders during FY 2014 according to the MTS. The line is one of four lines in the Trolley system, the others being the Blue, Orange, and Silver lines. History The Green Line is the third line in the San Diego Trolley system with service beginning on July 10, 2005, upon the completion and opening of the Mission Valley East extension. The line operates on this extension as well as segments previously served by the Blue Line between the Old Town Transit Center and Mission San Diego, and by the Orange Line east of the Grossmont Transit Center. It traverses Mission Valley, San Diego ...
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Heritage Streetcar
Conservation and restoration of rail vehicles aims to preserve historic rail vehicles. Trains It may concern trains that have been removed from service and later restored to their past condition, or have never been removed from service, like UP 844, the only U.S. steam locomotive to never be retired. They are often operated in present-day service as moving examples of living history, as opposed to static exhibits. The majority of restored trains are operated at heritage railways and railway museums, although they can also be found on the main lines or branch lines of the commercial working railway, operated by specialist railtour companies or museum groups. For authenticity, the location/route of preserved trains is often chosen to match the original trains used. Heritage railways and railway museums aim to restore and operate restored trains. Trains are often restored to the original authentic livery of their original owner. In the United States The restoration of historic r ...
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Personal Rapid Transit
Personal rapid transit (PRT), also referred to as podcars or guided/railed taxis, is a public transport mode featuring small low-capacity automated vehicles operating on a network of specially built guideways. PRT is a type of automated guideway transit (AGT), a class of system which also includes larger vehicles all the way to small subway systems. In terms of routing, it tends towards personal public transport systems. PRT vehicles are sized for individual or small group travel, typically carrying no more than three to six passengers per vehicle. Guideways are arranged in a network topology, with all stations located on sidings, and with frequent merge/diverge points. This allows for nonstop, point-to-point travel, bypassing all intermediate stations. The point-to-point service has been compared to a taxi or a horizontal lift (elevator). Numerous PRT systems have been proposed but most have not been implemented. , only a handful of PRT systems are operational: Morgantown Per ...
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Right-of-way (transportation)
A right-of-way (ROW) is a right to make a way over a piece of land, usually to and from another piece of land. A right of way is a type of easement granted or reserved over the land for transportation purposes, such as a highway, public footpath, rail transport, canal, as well as electrical transmission lines, oil and gas pipelines. In the case of an easement, it may revert to its original owners if the facility is abandoned. This American English term is also used to denote the land itself. A right of way is granted or reserved over the land for transportation purposes, usually for private access to private land and, historically for a highway, public footpath, rail transport, canal, as well as electrical transmission lines, oil and gas pipelines.Henry Campbell Black: ''Right-of-way.'' In''A law dictionary containing definitions of the terms and phrases of American and English jurisprudence, ancient and modern: and including the principal terms of international, constitutio ...
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The San Diego Union-Tribune
''The San Diego Union-Tribune'' is a metropolitan daily newspaper published in San Diego, California, that has run since 1868. Its name derives from a 1992 merger between the two major daily newspapers at the time, ''The San Diego Union'' and the ''San Diego Evening Tribune''. The name changed to ''U-T San Diego'' in 2012 but was changed again to ''The San Diego Union-Tribune'' in 2015. In 2015, it was acquired by Tribune Publishing. In February 2018 it was announced to be sold, along with the ''Los Angeles Times'', to Patrick Soon-Shiong's investment firm Nant Capital LLC for $500 million plus $90 million in pension liabilities. The sale was completed on June 18, 2018. History Predecessors The predecessor newspapers of the ''Union-Tribune'' were: * ''San Diego Herald'', founded 1851 and closed April 7, 1860; John Judson Ames was its first editor and proprietor. * ''San Diego Sun'', founded 1861 and merged with the ''Evening Tribune'' in 1939. * ''San Diego Union'', fou ...
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Constitution Of California
The Constitution of California ( es, Constitución de California) is the primary organizing law for the U.S. state of California, describing the duties, powers, structures and functions of the government of California. California's original constitution was drafted in both English language, English and Spanish language, Spanish by American pioneers, European-American, European settlers, and Californios (Hispanics and Latinos in California, Hispanics of California) and adopted at the Constitutional Convention (California)#Monterey Convention of 1849, 1849 Constitutional Convention of Monterey, following the American Conquest of California and the Mexican-American War and in advance of California's Admission to the Union in 1850. The constitution was amended and ratified on 7 May 1879, following the Constitutional Convention (California)#Sacramento Convention of 1878-79, Sacramento Convention of 1878-79. The Constitution of California is one of the longest collections of laws in ...
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Taxation In California
Taxes in California are among the highest in the United States and are imposed by the state and by local governments. From a tax terminology perspective, sales taxes are a proportional tax; though because lower income earners may pay a greater percentage of their earnings to sales taxes than higher income earners, a sales tax is also described as a regressive tax. The sales tax is imposed on retailers (not consumers) for the privilege of selling tangible personal property at retail. However, retailers are allowed (but not obligated) to obtain reimbursement for their tax liability from the consumer at the time of sale. Whether a sales tax reimbursement amount is actually added is a matter of contract between the retailer and the consumer. The use tax is imposed on the storage, use, or other consumption in California of tangible personal property purchased from a retailer. Any person storing, using, or otherwise consuming in California tangible personal property purchased from ...
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The University Of Texas At Austin
The University of Texas at Austin (UT Austin, UT, or Texas) is a public research university in Austin, Texas. It was founded in 1883 and is the oldest institution in the University of Texas System. With 40,916 undergraduate students, 11,075 graduate students and 3,133 teaching faculty as of Fall 2021, it is also the largest institution in the system. It is ranked among the top universities in the world by major college and university rankings, and admission to its programs is considered highly selective. UT Austin is considered one of the United States's Public Ivies. The university is a major center for academic research, with research expenditures totaling $679.8 million for fiscal year 2018. It joined the Association of American Universities in 1929. The university houses seven museums and seventeen libraries, including the LBJ Presidential Library and the Blanton Museum of Art, and operates various auxiliary research facilities, such as the J. J. Pickle Research Ca ...
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Bombardier Innovia Metro
Innovia Metro is an automated rapid transit system manufactured by Alstom. Innovia Metro systems run on conventional metal rails and pull power from a third rail, but are powered by a linear induction motor that provides traction by pulling on a "fourth rail" (a flat aluminum slab) placed between the running rails. A new version of the technology being marketed by Bombardier is compatible with standard electric rotary propulsion. The design was originally developed in the 1970s by the Urban Transportation Development Corporation (UTDC), a Crown corporation owned by the government of Ontario, Canada. It was designed as a system that would provide economic rapid transit service in the suburbs, which would have ridership levels between what a bus could serve at the low-end, or a subway at the high-end. During development, the system was known as the ICTS (Intermediate Capacity Transit System). The ICTS was chosen for lines in Vancouver, Toronto, and Detroit. Further sales were not ...
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Bay Area Rapid Transit
Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) is a rapid transit system serving the San Francisco Bay Area in California. BART serves 50 stations along six routes on of rapid transit lines, including a spur line in eastern Contra Costa County which uses diesel multiple-unit trains and a automated guideway transit line to the Oakland International Airport. With an average of weekday passengers as of and annual passengers in , BART is the fifth-busiest heavy rail rapid transit system in the United States. BART is operated by the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District which formed in 1957. The initial system opened in stages from 1972 to 1974. The system was extended most recently in 2020, when Milpitas and Berryessa/North San José stations opened as part of the Silicon Valley BART extension in partnership with the Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority (VTA). Services BART serves large portions of its three member counties – San Francisco, Alameda, and Contra Costa ...
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San Diego Association Of Governments
The San Diego Association of Governments (abbreviated SANDAG) is an association of local San Diego County governments. It is the metropolitan planning organization for the County, with policy makers consisting of mayors, councilmembers, and County Supervisors, and also has capital planning and fare setting powers for the county's transit systems, the San Diego Metropolitan Transit System and North County Transit District, some of which was assumed by the Metropolitan Transit Development Board (became MTS in 1986). SANDAG, along with the Southern California Association of Governments, are the only metropolitan planning agencies in Southern California. Governance The board was previously governed with the representation of one board member from every city in San Diego County, with each member holding two votes in two systems. The approval of a project required the majority tally vote representing all cities and board members and the majority of represented members weighted by pop ...
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