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Sabiha Al-Shaykh Da'ud
Sabiha al-Shaykh Da'ud (1912–1975) was Iraq's first female law graduate and a prominent women's rights activist. She and Zakia Hakki became the first female judges in Iraq respectively in 1956–1959. Life Da'ud's father Ahmad al-Shaikh Da'ud was among the Iraqi leaders arrested during the 1920 Iraqi revolt and subsequently exiled. Her mother, Na'ima Sultan Hamuda, was also politically active: in 1919 she encouraged Gertrude Bell to provide education for girls, in 1920 she headed a Baghdad women's committee to support the revolt, and in 1923 she was one of the founding members of the Women's Awakening Club.Noga EfratiThe other ‘awakening’ in Iraq: the women’s movement in the first half of the twentieth century ‘’British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies’’, Vol. 31, No. 2, pp.153-173 Da'ud was one of the first girls to receive a public education in Iraq. In 1936, she became the first female to study law at Iraq's College of Law, though she was forced to sit separ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sabiha Al-Shaykh Da'ud
Sabiha al-Shaykh Da'ud (1912–1975) was Iraq's first female law graduate and a prominent women's rights activist. She and Zakia Hakki became the first female judges in Iraq respectively in 1956–1959. Life Da'ud's father Ahmad al-Shaikh Da'ud was among the Iraqi leaders arrested during the 1920 Iraqi revolt and subsequently exiled. Her mother, Na'ima Sultan Hamuda, was also politically active: in 1919 she encouraged Gertrude Bell to provide education for girls, in 1920 she headed a Baghdad women's committee to support the revolt, and in 1923 she was one of the founding members of the Women's Awakening Club.Noga EfratiThe other ‘awakening’ in Iraq: the women’s movement in the first half of the twentieth century ‘’British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies’’, Vol. 31, No. 2, pp.153-173 Da'ud was one of the first girls to receive a public education in Iraq. In 1936, she became the first female to study law at Iraq's College of Law, though she was forced to sit separ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zakia Hakki
Zakia Ismael Hakki ( ar, زكية إسماعيل حقي; born 18 November 1939, d. 22 August 2021) was a Feyli Kurdish lawyer who was appointed Iraq's first female judge in 1959, becoming the first woman of an Arabian nation to be appointed as a judge. She fled Iraq in 1996 after her husband was killed and was granted asylum in the United States. She returned to Iraq in 2003 and was elected to the National Assembly of Iraq and was an advisor in the drafting of the constitution. Early life and education Zakia Hakki was born on 18 November 1939 in Baghdad to an established Feyli Kurdish family. She graduated from law school in 1957, one of five women in a class of 350. She has a Bachelor of Science in business administration from the International Labor Union in Switzerland and a Doctor of Law degree from the University of Baghdad. Career Hakki worked in Baghdad as both a lawyer and judge. In the 1950s, she smuggled documents into the US embassy about the treatment of Kurds i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1920 Iraqi Revolt
The Iraqi revolt against the British, also known as the 1920 Iraqi Revolt or the Great Iraqi Revolution, started in Baghdad in the summer of 1920 with mass demonstrations by Iraqis, including protests by embittered officers from the old Ottoman Army, against the British who published the new land ownership and the burial taxes at Najaf. The revolt gained momentum when it spread to the largely tribal Shia regions of the middle and lower Euphrates. Sheikh Mehdi Al-Khalissi was a prominent Shia leader of the revolt. Using heavy artillery and aerial bombardment, the uprising was suppressed by the British. Sunni and Shia religious communities cooperated during the revolution as well as tribal communities, the urban masses, and many Iraqi officers in Syria.Atiyyah, Ghassan R. ''Iraq: 1908–1921, A Socio-Political Study''. The Arab Institute for Research and Publishing, 1973, 307 The objectives of the revolution were independence from British rule and the creation of an Arab governm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gertrude Bell
Gertrude Margaret Lowthian Bell, CBE (14 July 1868 – 12 July 1926) was an English writer, traveller, political officer, administrator, and archaeologist. She spent much of her life exploring and mapping the Middle East, and became highly influential to British imperial policy-making as an Arabist due to her knowledge and contacts built up through extensive travels. During her lifetime, she was highly esteemed and trusted by British officials such as High Commissioner for Mesopotamia Percy Cox, giving her great influence. She participated in both the 1919 Paris Peace Conference (briefly) and the 1921 Cairo Conference, which helped decide the territorial boundaries and governments of the post-War Middle East as part of the partition of the Ottoman Empire. Bell believed that the momentum of Arab nationalism was unstoppable, and that the British government should ally with nationalists rather than stand against them. Along with T. E. Lawrence, she advocated for independe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baghdad
Baghdad (; ar, بَغْدَاد , ) is the capital of Iraq and the second-largest city in the Arab world after Cairo. It is located on the Tigris near the ruins of the ancient city of Babylon and the Sassanid Persian capital of Ctesiphon. In 762 CE, Baghdad was chosen as the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate, and became its most notable major development project. Within a short time, the city evolved into a significant cultural, commercial, and intellectual center of the Muslim world. This, in addition to housing several key academic institutions, including the House of Wisdom, as well as a multiethnic and multi-religious environment, garnered it a worldwide reputation as the "Center of Learning". Baghdad was the largest city in the world for much of the Abbasid era during the Islamic Golden Age, peaking at a population of more than a million. The city was largely destroyed at the hands of the Mongol Empire in 1258, resulting in a decline that would linger through many c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Women's Awakening Club
Women's Awakening Club (''Nadi al-Nahda al-. Nisa'iyya''), also called Women's Renaissance Club was a women's organization in Iraq, founded in 1923. It was the first women's organization in Iraq, and the start point of the Iraqi women's movement. Foundation It was established by a group of secular well educated Muslim women from the Bahgdad bourgeoise political elite, mostly wives and relatives of male politicians and other prominent men: its president was Asma al-Zahawi, sister of the poet Jamil Sidqi al-Zahawi, and its vice president was Naima al-Said, married to Prime Minister Nuri al-Said. A few Western women were involved as honorary members: Gertrude Bell was appointed its honorary secretary. The first Iraqi woman journalist, Paulina Hassoun, was a founding member. At this point in time, the participation of women in Turkey, Egypt and Syria and the awakening women's movement there had made an impact in Iraq, as well as women's participation in the Iraqi revolt of 1920. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iraqi Women's Union
The Iraqi Women's Union (IWU) was a women's advocacy group founded in 1945 which lasted until the Iraqi government crackdown on leftist organizations in the late 1950s. Throughout the course of its operation, the IWU focused on advocating on behalf of key women's issues regarding education, marriage rights, and labour rights, while equally engaging in charitable social work first hand. Due to the political climate in Iraq at the time, the union is known for having heavily antagonized male traditionalists while simultaneously retaining close ties to the political elite. The organization built its foundation upon other female advocacy groups which had emerged prior in the Middle East, and acted as a coordinating body for these other groups' activities. The growth of the union was further catalyzed during the late 1940s as female advocacy groups had gained prominence during the Second World War. Background The first women's organization in Iraq was founded in 1923, and Iraqi wome ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Doreen Ingrams
Doreen Ingrams (24 January 1906 - 25 July 1997) was a British writer and colonial figure whose pioneering survey-work in South Arabia led to a memoir, ''A Time in Arabia'' (1970), and to "The Ingrams' Peace," a truce between warring tribes in the Hadhramaut in southern Arabia. Early life The daughter of Edward Shortt MP, who was Home Secretary 1919-22, she became an actress, with friends including Michael MacLiammoir and Peggy Ashcroft. in 1930, she married Harold Ingrams, a colonial administrator, and she gave up her stage career to accompany him to his posting in Mauritius. South Arabia In 1934 Harold and Doreen Ingrams were transferred to South Arabia, where Harold was charged with investigating conditions in the inland territory of the Aden Protectorate. They faced an unprecedented and challenging nine-week journey through an anarchic and feuding region, but travelling by donkey and camel, Mr and Mrs Ingrams succeeded in producing a detailed ''Report on the Social, Economic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of First Women Lawyers And Judges In Asia
This is a list of the first women lawyers and judges in Asia. It includes the year in which the women were admitted to practice law (in parentheses). Also included are the first women in their country to achieve a certain distinction such as obtaining a law degree. Abkhazia (GEO) * Nelly Eshba: First female lawyer in Abkhazia * Kvitsinia Fatima Alekseevna: First female to serve as a Judge of the Arbitration Court of Abkhazia (1997) * Liudmila Khojashvili, Diana Pilia, and Alisa Bigvava First females appointed as Judges of the Constitutional Court of Abkhazia (2018). Khojashvili is the first female to serve as the Deputy Chairperson (2018) and Chairperson (2021). Afghanistan * Jameela Farooq Rooshna: First female judge in Afghanistan (1969) * Maria Bashir (1994): First female prosecutor in Afghanistan. She later became the first female Prosecutor General in Afghanistan (2009). * Kimberley Motley (2008): First foreign female lawyer in Afghanistan * Anisa Rasooli: Firs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iraqi Women Lawyers
Iraqi or Iraqis (in plural) means from Iraq, a country in the Middle East, and may refer to: * Iraqi people or Iraqis, people from Iraq or of Iraqi descent * A citizen of Iraq, see demographics of Iraq * Iraqi or Araghi ( fa, عراقی), someone or something of, from, or related to Persian Iraq, an old name for a region in Central Iran * Iraqi Arabic, the colloquial form of Arabic spoken in Iraq * Iraqi cuisine * Iraqi culture *The Iraqis (party), a political party in Iraq *Iraqi List, a political party in Iraq * Fakhr-al-Din Iraqi, 13th-century Persian poet and Sufi. See also * List of Iraqis * Iraqi diaspora * Languages of Iraq There are a number of languages spoken in Iraq, but Mesopotamian Arabic (Iraqi Arabic) is by far the most widely spoken in the country. Arabic and Kurdish are both official languages in Iraq. Contemporary languages The most widely spoken language ... * {{disambiguation Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1912 Births
Year 191 ( CXCI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Apronianus and Bradua (or, less frequently, year 944 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 191 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Parthia * King Vologases IV of Parthia dies after a 44-year reign, and is succeeded by his son Vologases V. China * A coalition of Chinese warlords from the east of Hangu Pass launches a punitive campaign against the warlord Dong Zhuo, who seized control of the central government in 189, and held the figurehead Emperor Xian hostage. After suffering some defeats against the coalition forces, Dong Zhuo forcefully relocates the imperial capital from Luoyang to Chang'an. Before leaving, Dong Zhuo orders his troops to loot the tombs of the H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
