Rumford Chemical Works And Mill House Historic District
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Rumford Chemical Works And Mill House Historic District
The Rumford Chemical Works and Mill House Historic District is a historic district encompassing the remnants of the Rumford Chemical Works, a historical chemical plant in East Providence, Rhode Island, founded by Eben Horsford and George F. Wilson. The Rumford Chemical Works are now home to several businesses including Avenue N American Kitchen, the Punch Kettlebell Gym and the Seven Stars Bakery as well as rental apartments and lofts. History Rumford Chemical Works was founded by Eben Horsford, who was the Rumford Professor and Lecturer on the Application of Science to the Useful Arts at Harvard University, and entrepreneur George F. Wilson. In 1854, Wilson formed George F. Wilson & Co., a chemical merchandising firm in Providence, Rhode Island. That same year, Wilson approached Eben Horsford with the goal of expanding to develop and manufacture chemical products. Their first plant, in Pleasant Valley, Rhode Island, manufactured calcium sulfite. Horsford's first patent ...
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East Providence, Rhode Island
East Providence is a city in Providence County, Rhode Island, United States. The population was 47,139 at the 2020 census, making it the fifth-largest city in the state. Geography East Providence is located between the Providence and Seekonk Rivers on the west and the Seekonk area of Massachusetts on the east. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which, of it is land and of it (19.33%) is water. The following villages are located in East Providence: * East Providence Center * Riverside * Rumford Governance The City of East Providence is governed by an elected mayor and a five-member city council, with the mayor and counselors elected every four years. City council members are elected one each from four wards and one elected at-large. Executive branch The mayor is both the ceremonial leader of the city and the chief executive officer. The mayor runs the daily operations of the city, enforces the charter and ordinances of the c ...
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Baking Powder
Baking powder is a dry chemical leavening agent, a mixture of a carbonate or bicarbonate and a weak acid. The base and acid are prevented from reacting prematurely by the inclusion of a buffer such as cornstarch. Baking powder is used to increase the volume and lighten the texture of baked goods. It works by releasing carbon dioxide gas into a batter or dough through an acid–base reaction, causing bubbles in the wet mixture to expand and thus leavening the mixture. The first ''single-acting'' baking powder, which releases carbon dioxide at room temperature as soon as it is dampened, was developed by food manufacturer Alfred Bird in England in 1843. The first ''double-acting'' baking powder, which releases some carbon dioxide when dampened, and later releases more of the gas when heated by baking, was first developed by Eben Norton Horsford in the U.S. in the 1860s. Baking powder is used instead of yeast for end-products where fermentation flavors would be undesirable, where ...
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Buildings And Structures In East Providence, Rhode Island
A building, or edifice, is an enclosed structure with a roof and walls standing more or less permanently in one place, such as a house or factory (although there's also portable buildings). Buildings come in a variety of sizes, shapes, and functions, and have been adapted throughout history for a wide number of factors, from building materials available, to weather conditions, land prices, ground conditions, specific uses, prestige, and aesthetic reasons. To better understand the term ''building'' compare the list of nonbuilding structures. Buildings serve several societal needs – primarily as shelter from weather, security, living space, privacy, to store belongings, and to comfortably live and work. A building as a shelter represents a physical division of the human habitat (a place of comfort and safety) and the ''outside'' (a place that at times may be harsh and harmful). Ever since the first cave paintings, buildings have also become objects or canvasses of much artis ...
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Historic Districts In Providence County, Rhode Island
History (derived ) is the systematic study and the documentation of the human activity. The time period of event before the invention of writing systems is considered prehistory. "History" is an umbrella term comprising past events as well as the memory, discovery, collection, organization, presentation, and interpretation of these events. Historians seek knowledge of the past using historical sources such as written documents, oral accounts, art and material artifacts, and ecological markers. History is not complete and still has debatable mysteries. History is also an academic discipline which uses narrative to describe, examine, question, and analyze past events, and investigate their patterns of cause and effect. Historians often debate which narrative best explains an event, as well as the significance of different causes and effects. Historians also debate the nature of history as an end in itself, as well as its usefulness to give perspective on the problems of the p ...
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National Register Of Historic Places Listings In Providence County, Rhode Island
__NOTOC__ This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Providence County, Rhode Island. This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Providence County, Rhode Island, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a map. There are 434 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county, including 15 National Historic Landmarks. The cities of Pawtucket, Woonsocket, and Providence include 57, 43, and 169 of these properties and districts — including 1 and 12 National Historic Landmarks — respectively; they are listed separately. Properties and districts located in the county's other municipalities, including 2 National Historic Landmarks, are listed here. The Blackstone Canal, which extends through Providence, Pawtucket, Woonsocket, and other communities ...
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National Register Of Historic Places
The National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) is the United States federal government's official list of districts, sites, buildings, structures and objects deemed worthy of preservation for their historical significance or "great artistic value". A property listed in the National Register, or located within a National Register Historic District, may qualify for tax incentives derived from the total value of expenses incurred in preserving the property. The passage of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) in 1966 established the National Register and the process for adding properties to it. Of the more than one and a half million properties on the National Register, 95,000 are listed individually. The remainder are contributing resources within historic districts. For most of its history, the National Register has been administered by the National Park Service (NPS), an agency within the U.S. Department of the Interior. Its goals are to help property owners and inte ...
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Terre Haute, Indiana
Terre Haute ( ) is a city in and the county seat of Vigo County, Indiana, United States, about 5 miles east of the state's western border with Illinois. As of the 2010 census, the city had a population of 60,785 and its metropolitan area had a population of 170,943. Located along the Wabash River, Terre Haute is one of the largest cities in the Wabash Valley and is known as the Queen City of the Wabash. The city is home to multiple higher-education institutions, including Indiana State University, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology, and Ivy Tech Community College of Indiana. History Terre Haute's name is derived from the French phrase ''terre haute'' (pronounced in French), meaning "highland". It was named by French-Canadian explorers and fur trappers to the area in the early 18th century to describe the unique location above the Wabash River (see French colonization of the Americas). At the time, the area was claimed by the French and British and these highlands were consid ...
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Hulman & Company
Hulman & Company is an American private, family-owned, company founded in 1850 by Francis T. Hulman as a wholesale foods supplier of groceries, tobacco, and liquor, headquartered in Terre Haute, Indiana. Throughout the early half of the 20th century, Hulman & Co. became nationally known for its Clabber Girl baking powder which it began producing in 1899. In 1945, the company purchased the Indianapolis Motor Speedway, in what many thought was an unusual investment for a company with a rich history in the food and beverage industry and owned the speedway until its sale to Roger Penske in 2019. Company history Origins In 1850, Francis T. Hulman, a native of Lingen, Germany, emigrated to the United States, settling in Terre Haute, Indiana, where he established a small grocery store."Historical," ''Terre Haute Evening Gazette,'' Sept. 29, 1893, second edition, pg. 6. The small company proved successful and in 1854, Francis Hulman sent over for his younger brother, Herman Hulman Sr. ...
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Benjamin Thompson
Sir Benjamin Thompson, Count Rumford, FRS (german: Reichsgraf von Rumford; March 26, 1753August 21, 1814) was an American-born British physicist and inventor whose challenges to established physical theory were part of the 19th-century revolution in thermodynamics. He served as lieutenant-colonel of the King's American Dragoons, part of the British Loyalist forces, during the American Revolutionary War. After the end of the war he moved to London, where his administrative talents were recognized when he was appointed a full colonel, and in 1784 he received a knighthood from King George III. A prolific designer, Thompson also drew designs for warships. He later moved to Bavaria and entered government service there, being appointed Bavarian Army Minister and re-organizing the army, and, in 1792, was made a Count of the Holy Roman Empire. Early years Thompson was born in rural Woburn, Massachusetts, on March 26, 1753; his birthplace is preserved as a museum. He was educated mainl ...
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Calcium Acid Phosphate
Monocalcium phosphate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Ca(H2PO4)2 ("AMCP" or "CMP-A" for anhydrous monocalcium phosphate). It is commonly found as the monohydrate ("MCP" or "MCP-M"), Ca(H2PO4)2·H2O. Both salts are colourless solids. They are used mainly as superphosphate fertilizers and are also popular leavening agents. Preparation Material of relatively high purity, as required for baking, is produced by treating calcium hydroxide with phosphoric acid: Samples of Ca(H2PO4)2 tend to convert to dicalcium phosphate: Applications Use in fertilizers Superphosphate fertilizers are produced by treatment of "phosphate rock" with acids ("acidulation"). Using phosphoric acid, fluorapatite is converted to Ca(H2PO4)2: This solid is called triple superphosphate. Several million tons are produced annually for use as fertilizers. Using sulfuric acid, fluorapatite is converted to a mixture of Ca(H2PO4)2 and CaSO4. This solid is called single superphosphate. Residual ...
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Historic District (United States)
Historic districts in the United States are designated historic districts recognizing a group of buildings, Property, properties, or sites by one of several entities on different levels as historically or architecturally significant. Buildings, structures, objects and sites within a historic district are normally divided into two categories, Contributing property, contributing and non-contributing. Districts vary greatly in size: some have hundreds of structures, while others have just a few. The U.S. federal government designates historic districts through the United States Department of the Interior, United States Department of Interior under the auspices of the National Park Service. Federally designated historic districts are listed on the National Register of Historic Places, but listing usually imposes no restrictions on what property owners may do with a designated property. U.S. state, State-level historic districts may follow similar criteria (no restrictions) or may req ...
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Seekonk, Massachusetts
Seekonk is a town in Bristol County, Massachusetts, United States, on the Massachusetts border with Rhode Island. It was incorporated in 1812 from the western half of Rehoboth. The population was 15,531 at the 2020 census. Until 1862, the town of Seekonk also included what is now the City of East Providence, Rhode Island, as well as the section of the City of Pawtucket, Rhode Island east of the Blackstone River. The land in the western half of the town was given to Rhode Island by the United States Supreme Court as part of a longstanding boundary dispute with Massachusetts. History Early years The earliest known inhabitants of Seekonk were Native Americans from the Wampanoag Tribe. The name Wampanoag means People of the Morning Light. This name refers to the geographical area of the tribe. Living in the East they would be the first people to greet the sun each morning. The area now known as Seekonk and Rehoboth provided agricultural and water resources with abundant food suppl ...
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