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Ruapekapeka
Ruapekapeka, a pā southeast of Kawakawa in the Northland Region of New Zealand, is one of the largest and most complex pā in New Zealand; Ngāpuhi designed it specifically to counter the cannon of British forces. The earthworks can still be seen. Ruapekapeka was the site of the last battle in the Flagstaff War of 1845-1846, fought between Colonial forces and the Ngāpuhi led by Hone Heke and Te Ruki Kawiti. This was the first major armed conflict between the Colonial government and the Māori. Design of Ruapekapeka Pā This war pā was named Ruapekapeka (bats' nests) because the ''pihareinga'', or dugouts with narrow circular entrances at top, which gave access to shelters that protected the warriors from cannon fire. These ''ruas'' or caves looked like a calabash buried underground, the narrow end uppermost and could accommodate 15 to 20 warriors. Te Ruki Kawiti and his allies, including Mataroria and Motiti, designed Ruapekapeka Pā as a further development of what is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ruapekapeka Shattered Cannon
Ruapekapeka, a Pā (Māori), pā southeast of Kawakawa, New Zealand, Kawakawa in the Northland Region of New Zealand, is one of the largest and most complex pā in New Zealand; Ngāpuhi designed it specifically to counter the cannon of British forces. The earthworks can still be seen. Ruapekapeka was the site of the last Flagstaff War#Battle of Ruapekapeka, battle in the Flagstaff War of 1845-1846, fought between Colony of New Zealand, Colonial forces and the Ngāpuhi led by Hone Heke and Te Ruki Kawiti. This was the first major armed conflict between the Colonial government and the Māori people, Māori. Design of Ruapekapeka Pā This war pā was named Ruapekapeka (bats' nests) because the ''pihareinga'', or dugouts with narrow circular entrances at top, which gave access to shelters that protected the warriors from cannon fire. These ''ruas'' or caves looked like a calabash buried underground, the narrow end uppermost and could accommodate 15 to 20 warriors. Te Ruki Kawit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flagstaff War
The Flagstaff War, also known as Heke's War, Hōne Heke's Rebellion and the Northern War, was fought between 11 March 1845 and 11 January 1846 in and around the Bay of Islands, New Zealand. The conflict is best remembered for the actions of Hōne Heke who challenged the authority of the British by cutting down the flagstaff on Flagstaff Hill (Maiki Hill) at Kororāreka (now Russell). The flagstaff had been a gift from Hōne Heke to James Busby, the first British Resident. The Northern War involved many major actions, including the Battle of Kororāreka on 11 March 1845, the Battle of Ōhaeawai on 23 June 1845 and the siege of Ruapekapeka Pā from 27 December 1845 to 11 January 1846. Causes The signing of the Treaty of Waitangi started on 6 February 1840, and conflict between the Crown and Māori tribes was to some extent inevitable after that. Ostensibly, the treaty established the legal basis for the British presence in New Zealand. However, the actions of Hōne Heke and Te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hōne Heke
Hōne Wiremu Heke Pōkai ( 1807/1808 – 7 August 1850), born Heke Pōkai and later often referred to as Hōne Heke, was a highly influential Māori rangatira (chief) of the Ngāpuhi iwi (tribe) and a war leader in northern New Zealand; he was affiliated with the Ngati Rahiri, Ngai Tawake, Ngati Tautahi, Te Matarahurahu and Te Uri-o-Hua hapū (subtribes) of Ngāpuhi. Hōne Heke fought with Hongi Hika, an earlier war leader of the Ngāpuhi, in the Musket Wars. Hōne Heke is considered the principal instigator of the Flagstaff War in 1845–46. Biography Heke was born at Pakaraka, south of Kerikeri in the Bay of Islands, in 1807 or 1808. His father was Tupanapana and his mother Te Kona. He was named Heke Pōkai, after his mother's brother Pokaia. He grew up in the Kaikohe area. As a youth, he attended the Church Missionary Society school at Kerikeri in 1824 and 1825 and came under the influence of the missionary Henry Williams. Subsequently, he, his first wife Ono (daughter of Te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Te Ruki Kawiti
Te Ruki Kawiti (1770s – 5 May 1854) was a prominent Māori rangatira (chief). He and Hōne Heke successfully fought the British in the Flagstaff War in 1845–46. Belich, James. ''The New Zealand Wars''. (Penguin Books, 1986) He traced descent from Rāhiri and Nukutawhiti of the ''Ngātokimatawhaorua'' canoe, the ancestors of the Ngāpuhi. He was born in the north of New Zealand into the Ngāti Hine hapū, one of the subtribes of the Ngāpuhi. From his youth he was trained in leadership and warfare by Hongi Hika. He was present at the Battle of Moremonui in 1807 or 1808 when many Ngāpuhi were slaughtered by Ngāti Whātua. Almost twenty years later, in 1825, he was at the Battle of Te Ika-a-ranga-nui when it was Ngāpuhi's turn to slaughter Ngāti Whātua in an act of ''utu'', or revenge. He took a number of Ngāti Whātua captive and refused to hand them over to Hongi Hika, preferring instead to return them to their own people to whom he was related. Treaty of Waitangi Kawi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tāmati Wāka Nene
Tāmati Wāka Nene (1780s – 4 August 1871) was a Māori rangatira (chief) of the Ngāpuhi iwi (tribe) who fought as an ally of the British in the Flagstaff War of 1845–46. Origin and mana Tāmati Wāka Nene from the ''Dictionary of New Zealand Biography'' was born to chiefly rank in the Ngāpuhi iwi of the Bay of Islands and Hokianga regions of the North Island of New Zealand. His elder brother was Eruera Maihi Patuone. He was related to Hongi Hika and could trace his ancestry by a number of lines back to Rāhiri, the founder of the Ngāpuhi. He rose to be one of the war leaders of the Ngāpuhi taking an active part in the Musket Wars of 1818–1820. He successfully took his warriors on a rampage the whole length of the North Island, killing and plundering as he went until he reached Cook Strait. It is said that he advised Te Rauparaha to acquire muskets to enhance his influence. In 1828 he successfully averted a war between the Māori of the Bay of Islands and the Hokianga. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Despard
Major General Henry Despard (October 1783 – 30 April 1859) was a British Army officer of the 17th Regiment of Foot (1799–1838), Staff of Ireland (1838–1842) and 99th Regiment of Foot (1842–1854). He saw action in Third Anglo-Maratha War in India and, in his later years, in the Flagstaff, or Northern, War in New Zealand. In 1845 he commanded British troops in a disastrous assault on the Māori pā at Ōhaeawai. Early life Henry Despard, born October 1783 at Laurel Hill, Mountrath, Queens County, Ireland, was the son of Captain Phillip Despard and Letitia Croasdaile. Phillip, an officer of the 7th Regiment of Foot, was one of five brothers from a prominent Anglo-Irish family of Huguenot descent who served in the British military. The eldest brother, John Despard (1745–1829), rose to the rank of full General, while another, Colonel Edward Despard gained notoriety as a United Irishman and republican agitator executed in London for treason in 1803. India Henry Des ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pā (Māori)
The word pā (; often spelled pa in English) can refer to any Māori village or defensive settlement, but often refers to hillforts – fortified settlements with palisades and defensive terraces – and also to fortified villages. Pā sites occur mainly in the North Island of New Zealand, north of Lake Taupō. Over 5,000 sites have been located, photographed and examined, although few have been subject to detailed analysis. No pā have been yet located from the early colonization period when early Polynesian-Māori colonizers lived in the lower South Island. Variations similar to pā occur throughout central Polynesia, in the islands of Fiji, Tonga and the Marquesas Islands. In Māori culture, a great pā represented the mana (prestige or power) and strategic ability of an iwi (tribe or tribal confederacy), as personified by a rangatira (chieftain). Māori built pā in various defensible locations around the territory (rohe) of an iwi to protect fertile plantation-sites and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eruera Maihi Patuone
Eruera Maihi Patuone (c.1764 – 19 September 1872) was a Māori rangatira (chief), the son of the Ngāti Hao chief Tapua and his wife Te Kawehau. His exact birth year is not known, but it is estimated that he was at least 108 years old when he died. His younger brother was Tāmati Wāka Nene. With his father and brother he was one of the first Māori people to have contact with Europeans when James Cook's ship visited in 1769. , No 51, June 1965 Name He was called Patuone when born but acquired the more full name when he was baptised by[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nōpera Panakareao
Nōpera Panakareao (? – 13 April 1856) was a New Zealand tribal leader, evangelist and assessor. Of Māori descent, he identified with the Te Rarawa iwi. Nōpera lived at Kaitaia. He became a friend of William Gilbert Puckey, the son of William Puckey, who worked with Joseph Matthews to establish the Church Missionary Society mission station at Kaitaia in 1833. He was called Noble Pana-kareao by the missionaries, who held him in high regard. Nōpera signed the Treaty of Waitangi. He stated his understanding of the Treaty as, ''"Ko te atarau o te whenua i riro i a te kuini, ko te tinana o te whenua i waiho ki ngā Māori"'', meaning; "The shadow of the land will go to the Queen f the United Kingdom but the substance of the land will remain with us". Nōpera later reversed his earlier statement – feeling that the substance of the land had indeed gone to the Queen; only the shadow remained for the Māori. His wife Ereonora also signed the treaty beside his name. In 1842 a dispu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS Calliope (1837)
HMS ''Calliope'' was a 28-gun sixth rate launched in October 1837 and broken up in November 1883. Career During the period 1841-42 she served at Canton with Sir William Parker's ships in the First Anglo-Chinese War (1839–42), known popularly as the First Opium War. ''Calliope'' under Captain Edward Stanley, left Plymouth, England on 18 August 1845, sailing for Hobart, Australia, via Madeira and the Cape of Good Hope. Upon arrival at Hobart the ship was sent to New Zealand, where she was stationed for 2½ years. The ship's Royal Marines saw action in the Flagstaff War in the north of New Zealand. A Royal Marine was killed at the siege of Ruapekapeka Pā and two seamen were killed in the Hutt Valley campaign. From late February 1846 until October 1847 ''Calliope'' operated mainly between Wellington, Whanganui and Nelson. The ship continues to be memorialised through the name of the Calliope Dock that was constructed in 1888 at Calliope Point, Devonport, New Zealand. Sir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS Castor (1832)
HMS ''Castor'' was a 36-gun fifth rate frigate of the Royal Navy. ''Castor'' was built at Chatham Dockyard and launched on 2 May 1832. She was one of a two ship class of frigates, built to an 1828 design by Sir Robert Seppings, and derived from the earlier ''Stag'' class. The ''Castor'' class had a further of beam to mount the heavier ordnance. ''Castor'' cost a total of £38,292, to be fitted for sea. Her first captain was Lord John Hay, and by September 1832 ''Castor'' was at Lisbon. On 27 August 1834 she collided with the Revenue Cutter Cameleon off South Foreland, Dover, sinking Cameleon with the loss of most of its crew. This incident led to the Court Martial of officers and crew of ''Castor'' on 6 September 1834 in Plymouth. The officers were acquitted but the lieutenant of the watch was dismissed from the service, it having been admitted and proven that a proper watch had not been kept. She took part in the Egyptian–Ottoman War (1839–1841), also known as the Se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS North Star (1824)
HMS ''North Star'' was a 28-gun sixth-rate post ship built to an 1817 design by the Surveyors of the Navy. She was launched in 1824. North Star Bay, a bay in Greenland, was named in honour of this ship. Suppressing the Atlantic slave trade From 1826 to 1828 under Captain Arabin, ''North Star'' was stationed in the West Africa Squadron, whose task was to suppress the Atlantic slave trade by patrolling the coast of West Africa. In late 1828 she sailed to England, via the West Indies. From 1829 to 1832 she was stationed in Portsmouth; then from 1832 to 1833 she became part of the North America and West Indies Station before being paid off. In 1834 she was commissioned for service on the Pacific Station then known as the South American Station. She was in the Pacific off the coast of South and Central America until 1836, when she returned to Portsmouth. First Anglo-Chinese War In September 1841 Captain Sir James Everard Home was appointed to ''North Star''. She was then commissi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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