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Romanian Archaeology
Romanian archaeology begins in the 19th century. Archaeologists * Alexandru Odobescu (1834—1895) * Grigore Tocilescu (1850–1909) * Vasile Pârvan (1882–1927) * Constantin Daicoviciu (1898–1973) ;living * Gheorghe I. Cantacuzino (b. 1938) * Adrian Andrei Rusu (b. 1951) – medieval archaeology, researcher at the Institute of Archaeology and Art History in Cluj-Napoca Institutes * Institute of Archaeology and Art History in Cluj-Napoca * Vasile Pârvan Institute of Archaeology in Bucharest Museums * Archaeology Museum Piatra Neamț * Iron Gates Region Museum * Museum of Dacian and Roman Civilisation * National Museum of Romanian History * National Museum of Transylvanian History Sites * Acidava (Enoşeşti) – Dacian, Roman * Apulon (Piatra Craivii) – Dacian * Apulum (Alba Iulia) – Roman, Dacian * Argedava (Popeşti) – Dacian, possibly Burebista's court or capital * Argidava (Vărădia) – Dacian, Roman * Basarabi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Temple Of Saturn And Temple Of Vespasian, Rome (3588905866)
A temple (from the Latin ) is a building reserved for spiritual rituals and activities such as prayer and sacrifice. Religions which erect temples include Christianity (whose temples are typically called churches), Hinduism (whose temples are called Mandir), Buddhism, Sikhism (whose temples are called gurudwara), Jainism (whose temples are sometimes called derasar), Islam (whose temples are called mosques), Judaism (whose temples are called synagogues), Zoroastrianism (whose temples are sometimes called Agiary), the Baha'i Faith (which are often simply referred to as Baha'i House of Worship), Taoism (which are sometimes called Daoguan), Shinto (which are sometimes called Jinja), Confucianism (which are sometimes called the Temple of Confucius), and ancient religions such as the Ancient Egyptian religion and the Ancient Greek religion. The form and function of temples are thus very variable, though they are often considered by believers to be, in some sense, the " ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apulon
Apulon (''Apoulon'', ''Apula'') was a Dacian fortress city close to modern Alba Iulia, Romania. The Latin name of Apulum is derived. The exact location is believed by many archaeologists to be the Dacian fortifications on top of ''Piatra Craivii'', Craiva, Cricău, about 20 km north of Alba-Iulia. Apulon was an important Dacian political, economic and social center, the capital of the Apuli tribe. It was first mentioned by the Ancient Greek geographer Ptolemy in his Geographia, under the name Apulon. It is also depicted in the ''Tabula Peutingeriana'' as an important city named Apula, at the cross road of two main routes: one coming from Blandiana, the other from Acidava. The two roads merge at Apula, with the next stop on the route being Brucla. After the southern part of Dacia became a province of the Roman Empire, the capital of the Dacia Apulensis district was established here, and the city was known as Apulum. Apulum was one of the largest centers in Roman Dacia and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cernavodă Culture
The Cernavodă culture, ca. 4000– 3200 BC, was a late Copper Age archaeological culture. It was along the lower Eastern Bug River and Danube and along the coast of the Black Sea and somewhat inland, generally in present-day Romania and Bulgaria. It is named after the Romanian town of Cernavodă. It is a successor to and occupies much the same area as the earlier Karanovo culture, for which a destruction horizon seems to be evident. It is part of the "''Balkan-Danubian complex''" that stretches up the entire length of the river and into northern Germany via the Elbe and the Baden culture; its northeastern portion is thought to be ancestral to the Usatove culture. It is characterized by defensive hilltop settlements. The pottery shares traits with that found further east, in the Sredny Stog culture on the south-west Eurasian steppe; burials similarly bear a resemblance to those further east. It has been theorized that Cernadova culture, together with Sredny Stog culture, wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cernavodă
Cernavodă () is a town in Constanța County, Northern Dobruja, Romania with a population of 20,514. The town's name is derived from the Bulgarian ''černa voda'' (черна вода in Cyrillic), meaning 'black water'. This name is regarded by some scholars as a calque of the earlier Thracian name ''Axíopa'', from IE *''n̥ksei'' 'dark' and ''upā'' 'water' (cf. Avestan ''axšaēna-'' 'dark' and Lithuanian ''ùpė'' 'river, creek'). Economy The town is a Danube fluvial port. It houses the Cernavodă Nuclear Power Plant, consisting of two CANDU reactors providing about 18% of Romania's electrical energy output. The second reactor was built through a joint venture between Canada's Atomic Energy of Canada Limited and Italy's ANSALDO and became fully functional in November 2007. The Danube-Black Sea Canal, opened in 1984, runs from Cernavodă to Agigea and Năvodari. The outskirts of Cernavodă host numerous vineyards, producers of Chardonnay wine. The largest winery in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Capidava
Capidava (''Kapidaua'', ''Cappidava'', ''Capidapa'', ''Calidava'', ''Calidaua'') was an important Geto-Dacian center on the right bank of the Danube. After the Roman conquest, it became a civil and military center, as part of the province of Moesia Inferior (later Scythia Minor), modern Dobruja. It is located in the village with the same name, '' Capidava'', in Constanța County, Romania. Ancient sources Tabula Peutingeriana Capidava is depicted in the form ''Calidava''/''Calidaua'' in Segmentum VIII of Tabula Peutingeriana (1st–4th century) on a Roman road between Axiopolis and Carsium. The map provides accurate data on the distances between Axiopolis, Capidava and Carsium. These distances coincide with the distances between the present localities of Hinog - Capidava and Capidava - Hârşova. This is also verified by the discovery of a milestone at Seimenii Mici that indicates the distance of 18,000 feet (27 km) from Axiopolis to Capidava. Notit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Callatis
Mangalia (, tr, Mankalya), ancient Callatis ( el, Κάλλατις/Καλλατίς; other historical names: Pangalia, Panglicara, Tomisovara), is a city and a port on the coast of the Black Sea in the south-east of Constanța County, Northern Dobruja, Romania. The municipality of Mangalia also administers several summertime seaside resorts: Cap Aurora, Jupiter, Neptun, Olimp, Saturn, Venus. History The Greek town Callatis existed until the mid-7th century under this name. Life in the town resumed from the 10th century. In the 13th century Callatis came to be known as Pangalia. The Vlachs called it Tomisovara and the Greeks called it Panglicara. From the 16th century the town had acquired its present name, Mangalia. A Greek colony named Callatis was founded in the 6th century BC by the city of Heraclea Pontica. Its first silver coinage was minted around 350 BC. In 72 BC, Callatis was conquered by the Roman general Lucullus and was assigned to the Roman province of Moesia Infe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boian Culture
The Boian culture (dated to 4300–3500 BC), also known as the Giulești–Marița culture or Marița culture, is a Neolithic archaeological culture of Southeast Europe. It is primarily found along the lower course of the Danube in what is now Romania and Bulgaria, and thus may be considered a Danubian culture. Geography The Boian culture originated on the Wallachian Plain north of the Danube River in southeastern Romania. At its peak, the culture expanded to include settlements in the Bărăgan Plain and the Danube Delta in Romania, Dobruja in eastern Romania and northeastern Bulgaria, and the Danubian Plain and the Balkan Mountains in Bulgaria. The culture's geographical extent went as far west as the Jiu River on the border of Transylvania in south-central Romania, as far north as the Chilia branch of the Danube Delta along the Romanian border with Ukraine and the coast of the Black Sea, and as far south as the Rhodope Mountains and the Aegean Sea in Greece. The type site ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boian Lake , an archaeological culture
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Boian may refer to: * Boian, a village in Ceanu Mare Commune, Cluj County, Romania * Boian, a village in Bazna Commune, Sibiu County, Romania * Boianu Mare, a commune in Bihor County, Romania * Boian (river), a river in Bihor County, Romania * Boiany, a village in Chernivtsi Oblast, Ukraine * Boian, Alberta, a mostly ethnic Romanian hamlet in Canada * Boian culture The Boian culture (dated to 4300–3500 BC), also known as the Giulești–Marița culture or Marița culture, is a Neolithic archaeological culture of Southeast Europe. It is primarily found along the lower course of the Danube in what is now R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hallstatt Culture
The Hallstatt culture was the predominant Western Europe, Western and Central European Archaeological culture, culture of Late Bronze Age Europe, Bronze Age (Hallstatt A, Hallstatt B) from the 12th to 8th centuries BC and Early Iron Age Europe (Hallstatt C, Hallstatt D) from the 8th to 6th centuries BC, developing out of the Urnfield culture of the 12th century BC (Bronze Age Europe, Late Bronze Age) and followed in much of its area by the La Tène culture. It is commonly associated with Proto-Celtic populations. Older assumptions of the early 20th century of Illyrians having been the bearers of especially the Eastern Hallstatt culture are indefensible and archeologically unsubstantiated. It is named for its type site, Hallstatt, a lakeside village in the Austrian Salzkammergut southeast of Salzburg, Austria, Salzburg, where there was a rich salt mine, and some 1,300 burials are known, many with fine artifacts. Material from Hallstatt has been classified into four periods, des ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basarabi Culture
The Basarabi culture was an archaeological culture in Southeastern Europe (mainly in Romania), dated between 8th - 7th centuries BC. It was named after Basarabi, a village in Dolj County, south-western Romania, nowadays an administrative component of the Calafat municipality. It is sometimes grouped with related Bosut culture, into the Bosut-Basarabi complex. The Basarabi culture is related to the Hallstatt culture of the Iron Age period that, when normalised, is uniformly spread apart from a reduced number of sites in Muntenia, the central Moldavian Carpathians and Oltenia. The Hallstatt A (12-11th BC) and B (10-8th BC) correspond to the late Bronze Age, Hallstatt C (7th BC) to the early Iron Age, and Hallstatt D (6th BC) to the Iron Age. The Hallstatt culture probably consisted of many different peoples and language groups. The variant known as the Basarabi culture was present over much of Romania, Bulgaria, Serbia (Vojvodina), and central Moldavia up to the Dniester River ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basarabi, Dolj
Calafat () is a city in Dolj County, southern Romania, in the region of Oltenia. It lies on the river Danube, opposite the Bulgarian city of Vidin, to which it is linked by the Calafat-Vidin Bridge, opened in 2013. After the destruction of the bridges of late antiquity, for centuries Calafat was connected with the southern bank of the Danube by boat, and later on by ferryboat. The city administers three villages: Basarabi,Golenți and Ciupercenii Vechi. History It was founded in the 14th century by Genoese colonists. These colonists generally employed large numbers of workmen (''Calafatis'') in repairing ships. This industry gave the town its name. In January 1854, during the Crimean War, when Russian forces were headed up the Danube, Ahmed Pasha, commanding the Turkish forces at Calafat, made a surprise attack on the temporary Russian garrison nearby Cetate, which was under the command of Colonel . This diverted the initial Russian attack and allowed Ahmed Pasha to consol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Argidava
Argidava (''Argidaua'', ''Arcidava'', ''Arcidaua'', ''Argedava'', ''Argedauon'', ''Argedabon'', ''Sargedava'', ''Sargedauon'', ''Zargedava'', ''Zargedauon'', grc, Ἀργίδαυα, Αργεδαυον, Αργεδαβον, Σαργεδαυον) was a Dacians, Dacian fortress town close to the Danube, inhabited and governed by the Albocense. Located in today's Vărădia, Caraș-Severin County, Romania. After the Ancient Rome, Roman conquest of Dacia, it became a military and a civilian center, with a ''castrum'' (Roman fort) (see Castra Arcidava) built in the area. The fort was used to monitor the shores of the Danube.Grumeza, Ion''Dacia: Land of Transylvania, Cornerstone of Ancient Eastern Europe'' Lanham: Hamilton Books, 2009, p. 13, . Ancient sources The oldest found potential reference to ''Argidava'' is in the form Argedauon or Argedabon ( grc, Αργεδαυον, Αργεδαβον), written in stone, in the Decree of Dionysopolis (48 BC). However, it is unclear as to wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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