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Rodolfo Aguinaldo
The siege at Hotel Delfino (Filipino: ''Pagkubkob sa Hotel Delfino'', Ilocano: ''Sitio ti Hotel Delfino'') in Tuguegarao, Cagayan in the Philippines, took place on March 4, 1990. A private army estimated at 300 men seized the hotel under the command of suspended Cagayan governor Rodolfo "Agi" Aguinaldo, a fierce critic of the administration of President Corazon Aquino and the Communist insurgency in the Philippines. The incident was an offshoot of the 1989 Philippine coup d'état attempt that Aguinaldo publicly supported, which led to his suspension and arrest. The standoff ended violently after several hours, leaving 14 people dead, including a high-ranking general who tried to arrest him. Background Rodolfo Aguinaldo Rodolfo Aguinaldo was born in Laoag, Ilocos Norte in 1946. He graduated from the Philippine Military Academy in 1972 and served in the Philippine Constabulary (PC). During this period, he was accused of torturing dissidents during the Martial Law period in the 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tuguegarao
Tuguegarao ( or ), officially the City of Tuguegarao ( ibg, Siyudad nat Tugegaraw; itv, Siyudad yo Tugegaraw; ilo, Siudad ti Tuguegarao; fil, Lungsod ng Tuguegarao ), is a 3rd class Cities of the Philippines#Legal classification, component city and capital of the Provinces of the Philippines, province of Cagayan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 166,334 people, making it the most populous city in Cagayan Valley and Northeastern Luzon. A major urban center and primary growth center in the Northeastern Luzon, it is the regional center of Cagayan Valley and also its regional institutional and administrative center. One of the fast emerging cities in the Philippines, the city is a convergence area for the provinces of Cagayan, Kalinga (province), Kalinga, Apayao and northern Isabela (province), Isabela. Dubbed as the “Gateway to the Ilocandia and the Cordilleras,” the city is located on the southern border of the province where the Pinacanauan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1989 Philippine Coup D'état Attempt
The most serious attempted coup d'état against the government of President of the Philippines, Philippine President Corazon Aquino was staged beginning December 1, 1989, by members of the Armed Forces of the Philippines belonging to the Reform the Armed Forces Movement (RAM) and soldiers loyal to former President Ferdinand Marcos. Metro Manila was shaken by this Christmas-time coup, which almost seized the Malacañang Palace. It was completely defeated by the Philippine government by December 9, 1989. Background Philippine politics between 1986 and 1991 was punctuated by Aquino's desperate struggle to survive physically and politically a succession of coup attempts, culminating in a large, bloody, and well-financed attempt in December 1989. This attempt involved upwards of 3,000 troops, including elite Scout Rangers and marines, in a coordinated series of attacks on Camp Crame and Camp Aquinaldo, Fort Bonifacio, Cavite Naval Base, Villamor Air Base, and on Malacañan Palace itse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
La Union
La Union (), officially the Province of La Union ( ilo, Probinsia ti La Union; Kankanaey'': Probinsyan di La Union;'' Ibaloi'': Probinsya ne La Union;'' pag, Luyag/Probinsia na La Union; Tagalog'': Lalawigan ng La Union),'' is a province in the Philippines located in the Ilocos Region in the Island of Luzon. Its capital is the City of San Fernando, which also serves as the regional center of the Ilocos Region. The province is bordered by Ilocos Sur to the north, Benguet to the east, Pangasinan to the south, and to the west by the shores of the South China Sea. History Pre-colonial era During the pre-colonial era, the coastal plains of northwestern La Union and Ilocos Sur stretching from the town of "Tagudan" (Tagudin) in the north to ''Namacpacan'' (Luna), Bangar, "''Basnutan''" ( Bacnotan), and "''Purao''" or "''Puraw''" (Balaoan) in the south, and along the riverbanks of the Amburayan River – were the early settlement of the “''Samtoy”'' or the " Ilocanos" in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communist Party Of The Philippines
The Communist Party of the Philippines ( fil, Partido Komunista ng Pilipinas) is a far-left, Marxist-Leninist-Maoist revolutionary organization and communist party in the Philippines, formed by Jose Maria Sison on 26 December 1968. It is designated as a terrorist group by the United States Department of State together with Sison and its armed wing New People's Army (NPA) in 2002. The European Union renewed its terrorist designation on the organization in 2019, though a 2009 ruling by the EU's second highest court delisted Sison as a "person supporting terrorism" and reversed a decision by member governments to freeze assets. According to the US' Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) World Factbook, the CPP and the NPA aims to destabilize the Philippines' economy and overthrow the national government. Philippine president and Sison's former student Rodrigo Duterte declared the group a terrorist organization in 2017, though the CPP-NPA has not yet been legally declared as a terrori ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jose Maria Sison
Jose Maria Canlas Sison (February 8, 1939 – December 16, 2022), also known by his nickname Joma, was a Filipino writer and activist who founded the Communist Party of the Philippines and added elements of Maoism to its philosophy – which would be known as national democracy. He applied the theory of Marxism–Leninism–Maoism to the history and current circumstances of the Philippines. From August 2002, he was classified as a "person supporting terrorism" by the United States. The European Union's second highest court ruled in September 2009 to delist him as a "person supporting terrorism" and reversed a decision by member governments to freeze his assets.IHT, EU court overturns decision to freeze assets of exiled Philippine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bayan Muna
Bayan Muna () is a party-list in the Philippines, a member of the leftist political coalition Makabayan. The motto of the party is ''"New Politics, the Politics of Change"'', against "traditional, elitist, pro-imperialist politics". Its platform includes the advocation of a government that progressively supports the working class, with meaningful representation of all democratic sectors in the Philippines. Bayan Muna was the second most popular party-list party in the 2007 Philippine elections. In 2009, Bayan Muna Representative Satur Ocampo and former Bayan Muna and incumbent Gabriela Representative Liza Maza ran for senate seats as guest candidates under the ticket of billionaire real estate magnate Senator Manny Villar. Ocampo said that their common objective “is to emancipate the people from widespread poverty and social injustice." Electoral performance 2007 elections In the weeks leading up the Philippine national election, Executive Secretary Eduardo Ermita, on behalf of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Satur Ocampo
Saturnino "Satur" Cunanan Ocampo (born April 7, 1939) is a Filipino politician, activist, journalist, and writer. As party president and first nominee, he led the party-list group Bayan Muna in three successful elections in 2001, 2004, and 2007. He was a member of the House of Representatives, and Deputy Minority Leader in the 14th Congress of the Philippines. He has done work in human rights and other areas. After his three terms as representative, he ran for senator in the May 2010 elections; then-Representative Liza Maza of the women's partylist group GABRIELA and Ocampo were fielded by the Makabayan coalition and were included as guest senatorial candidates of the Nacionalista Party, a mainstream Philippine political party whose presidential standard bearer, Senator Manny Villar, they supported. After the elections, on August 21, 2010, Ocampo started a weekly opinion column in the ''Philippine Star'' titled "At Ground Level". Activism Ocampo was a business editor of the p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Commission On Human Rights (Philippines)
The Commission on Human Rights ( fil, Komisyon ng Karapatang Pantao) (CHR) is an independent constitutional office created under the 1987 Constitution of the Philippines, with the primary function of investigating all forms of human rights violations involving civil rights, civil and rights, political rights in the Philippines. The commission was first founded and led by Chairperson Jose Diokno, Jose W. Diokno, a prominent lawyer and the father of human rights in the country, whom the surrounding park of the headquarters now known as the ''Liwasang Diokno'' (Diokno Freedom Park) was named after. Diokno also founded the premier human rights network called the Free Legal Assistance Group, Free Legal Assistance Group (FLAG). Furthermore, the hall inside the compound is called ''Bulwagang Ka Pepe'' or the Ka Pepe Hall, which features a sculpted bust and large mural of the late senator. The CHR is composed of a Chairperson and four members. Commissioners hold a term of office of seve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
11th Congress Of The Philippines
The 11th Congress of the Philippines (Filipino: ''Ikalabing-isang Kongreso ng Pilipinas''), composed of the Philippine Senate and House of Representatives, met from July 27, 1998, until June 8, 2001, during the 31-month presidency of Joseph Estrada and the first four months of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo's presidency. The convening of the 11th Congress followed the 1998 national elections, which replaced half of the Senate membership, and the entire membership of the House of Representatives. The Estrada impeachment was the highlight of the 11th Congress. Sessions * First Regular Session: July 27, 1998 – June 4, 1999 ** ''First Special Session'': January 4 – February 5, 1999 * Second Regular Session: July 26, 1999 – June 9, 2000 ** ''Second Special Session'': January 3 – February 4, 2000 * Third Regular Session: July 24, 2000 – June 8, 2001 ** ''Third Special Session'': January 1 – February 16, 2001 Legislation Laws passed by the 11th Congress: Leadership Se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Etta Rosales
Loretta Ann P. "Etta" Rosales (born August 17, 1939) is a Filipina activist, teacher and politician who has served three terms as the party-list representative of the Akbayan Citizens' Action Party to the Philippines' House of Representatives from the 11th- 14th Congress (1998-2007). She was the Chairperson of the Commission on Human Rights of the Republic of the Philippines from 2010 to 2015. She is a well-known defender of human rights and was instrumental in instituting a class action suit in the Hawaii District Court which resulted in the only judgment holding the former dictator Ferdinand E. Marcos liable for gross human rights violations committed during his incumbency, which judgment was partially executed in 2011. She herself is a victim of human rights violations by the Marcos regime. As an activist, she founded the leftist and now party-list Alliance of Concerned Teacher (ACT). She was also the chairperson of Partido ng Bayan. She joined Akbayan in 1998, formed the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Martial Law Under Ferdinand Marcos
At 7:17 pm on September 23, 1972, President Ferdinand Marcos announced on television that he had placed the entirety of the Philippines under martial law. This marked the beginning of a 14-year period of one-man rule that would effectively last until Marcos was exiled from the country on February 25, 1986. Even though the formal document proclaiming martial law – Proclamation No. 1081, which was dated September 21, 1972 – was formally lifted on January 17, 1981, Marcos retained essentially all of his powers as dictator until he was ousted. While the period of Philippine history in which Marcos was in power actually began seven years earlier, when he was first inaugurated president of the Philippines in late 1965, this article deals specifically with the period where he exercised dictatorial powers under martial law, and the period in which he continued to wield those powers despite technically lifting the proclamation of martial law in 1981. When he declared martial law in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philippine Constabulary
The Philippine Constabulary (PC; tl, Hukbóng Pamayapà ng Pilipinas, ''HPP''; es, Policía de Filipinas, ''PF'') was a gendarmerie-type police force of the Philippines from 1901 to 1991, and the predecessor to the Philippine National Police. It was created by the American colonial government to replace the Spanish colonial Guardia Civil, happened on the 19th century history of the Philippines. It was the first of the four branches of the Armed Forces of the Philippines. On January 29, 1991, it was merged with the Integrated National Police to form the Philippine National Police. History The Philippine Constabulary (PC) was established on August 18, 1901, under the general supervision of the civil Governor-General of the Philippines, by the authority of Act. No. 175 of the Second Philippine Commission, to maintain peace, law, and order in the various provinces of the Philippine Islands. By the end of 1901, a total of 180 officers had been commissioned.. The consta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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