Robbery Beaches
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Robbery Beaches
Robbery Beaches are beaches extending along the north side of Byers Peninsula, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica between Essex Point to the west and Nedelya Point to the east. They are crossed by Eridanus Stream and Bedek Stream. The name ‘Robbery Beach’ was used by James Weddell in 1820–23. It arose from the English robbery of sealskins collected by the American brig ''Charity'' (Capt. Charles H. Barnard) of New York in January 1821. There was fierce competition between British and American sealers in the area during the early 1820s. Location The beaches are centred at (British mapping in 1968, detailed Spanish mapping in 1992, and Bulgarian mapping in 2005 and 2009). Maps Chart of South Shetland including Coronation Island, &c.from the exploration of the sloop Dove in the years 1821 and 1822 by George Powell Commander of the same. Scale ca. 1:200000. London: Laurie, 1822 Península Byers, Isla Livingston.Mapa topográfico a escala 1:25000. ...
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Simon Beaufort
Susanna Gregory is the pseudonym of Elizabeth Cruwys, a Cambridge academic who was previously a coroner's officer. She writes detective fiction, and is noted for her series of mediaeval mysteries featuring Matthew Bartholomew, a teacher of medicine and investigator of murders in 14th-century Cambridge. Works Her books may have some aspects in common with the Ellis Peters ''Cadfael'' series, the mediaeval adventures of two men, a highly intelligent physician and a Benedictine monk who is senior proctor of Cambridge University. Matthew Bartholomew's activities as a healer, including examination of corpses, embroil him in a series of mysterious crimes, both secular and monastic, and he reluctantly assumes the role of an amateur sleuth. Sceptical of superstition, he is somewhat ahead of his time, and much historical detail is woven into the adventures. But there any resemblance to the comparatively warm-hearted Cadfael series ends: the tone and subject matter of the Gregory novels i ...
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South Orkney Islands
The South Orkney Islands are a group of islands in the Southern Ocean, about north-east of the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula''Antarctica: Secrets of the Southern Continent'' p. 122
David McGonigal, 2009
and south-west of . They have a total area of about . The islands are claimed both by Britain (as part of the since 1962, previously as a
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George Powell (sealer)
George Powell (1794–1824) was an English sealer, explorer and amateur naturalist. He captained three sealing expeditions to the Antarctic Ocean between 1818 and 1822. Powell was born in London. During his first expedition, in 1818 and 1819, he captained the sloop ''Dove'' and visited South Georgia and Kerguelen Islands. His second expedition, captaining ''Eliza'', lasted from 1819 until 1821, during which time he visited the Falkland Islands and the South Shetland Islands. In 1821 and 1822 he took both ''Dove'', which he captained, and ''Eliza'', captained by John Wright, on another sealing expedition to the South Shetland Islands, for which he produced a very fine chartL. Ivanov and N. Ivanova. Sealing period. In''The World of Antarctica''.Generis Publishing, 2022. pp. 78-84. based on his own observations of the north coast of the group and the observations of others for the southern coast. On 6 December 1821, he co-discovered the South Orkney Islands along with American N ...
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Antarctic Specially Protected Area
An Antarctic Specially Protected Area (ASPA) is an area on the continent of Antarctica, or on nearby islands, which is protected by scientists and several different international bodies. The protected areas were established in 1961 under the Antarctic Treaty System, which governs all the land and water south of 60 latitude and protects against human development. A permit is required for entry into any ASPA site. The ASPA sites are protected by the governments of Australia, New Zealand, United States, United Kingdom, Chile, France, Argentina, Poland, Russia, Norway, Japan, India, Italy, and Republic of Korea. There are currently 72 sites. List of ASPA sites See also *Antarctic Specially Managed Area An Antarctic Specially Managed Area (ASMA) is a protected area on the continent of Antarctica, or on its adjacent islands. ASMAs are managed by the governments of Brazil, Poland, Ecuador, Peru, United States, New Ze ...
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Clark Nunatak
Clark Nunatak is a rocky peak rising to 147 m at the southwest edge of the ice cap of Rotch Dome in western Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica near the south extremity of Urvich Wall. It surmounts Volturnus Lake on the south. The feature is named after Daniel Clark, First Mate of the American sealing vessel ''Hersilia'' under Captain James Sheffield in 1820–21. Location The nunatak is located at which is 9.25 km east of Nikopol Point, 5.8 km southeast of Tsamblak Hill, 4.07 km south-southwest of the highest point of Rotch Dome and 3.9 km northwest of Elephant Point Elephant Point is a small predominantly ice-free promontory projecting 2 km into Bransfield Strait at the south extremity of the west half of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The point forms the southwest side ... (British mapping in 1933 and 1968, detailed Spanish mapping in 1992, and Bulgarian mapping in 2005 and 2009). Maps ...
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Rotch Dome
Rotch Dome is the sloping ice dome rising to 360 m immediately east of Byers Peninsula, and between Barclay Bay and Walker Bay in Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. It is bounded by Urvich Wall to the west, surmounting Ivanov Beach to the northwest, Etar Snowfield to the north-northeast and Verila Glacier to the east-northeast, and is linked by a saddle to Casanovas Peak to the northeast. The slopes of Rotch Dome west of 60º53'45"W were included in 2016 into the Antarctic Specially Protected Area Byers Peninsula (ASPA 126), with a designated zone comprising the northwestern part of Rotch Dome and the adjacent deglaciated ground on Ivanov Beach placed under greater restriction on access in order to prevent microbial or other contamination by human activity. Location The highest point is located at which is 10.4 km southwest of Casanovas Peak, 6.75 km north by west of Elephant Point, 6.1 km east of Tsamblak Hill, 5.37 km east-southeast ...
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Urvich Wall
Urvich Wall ( bg, Урвичка стена, ‘Urvichka Stena’ \'ur-vich-ka ste-'na\) is the narrow ice-free and crescent-shaped ridge rising to 121 m on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica and bounded by Nedelya Point to the north and Rish Point to the southeast. The ridge is 6.7 km long and up to 400 m wide, and separates Byers Peninsula to the west from Rotch Dome to the east. It surmounts Oread Lake, Montemno Lake and Bedek Stream on the west. The feature's northern part lies in the Antarctic Specially Protected Area ''ASPA 126 Byers Peninsula'', more specifically in one of its two restricted zones.Management Plan for Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 126 Byers Peninsula.
Measure 4 (2016), ATCM XXXIX Final Report. Santiago, 2016 The ridge i ...
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Ivanov Beach
Ivanov Beach ( bg, Иванов бряг, Ivanov bryag, ) is a mostly ice-free beach on the Drake Passage stretching in southwest–northeast direction on the southeast coast of Barclay Bay in western Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands in Antarctica. It extends to Nedelya Point and Byers Peninsula on the southwest, Rowe Point and Etar Snowfield on the northeast, and the slopes of Rotch Dome on the southeast. Its ice-free area is ca. . The beach features Bilyar Point northeast of Nedelya Point, Mneme Lake just west of Rowe Point and a minor point southwest of the latter. The beach is protected by shallows, and numerous offshore rocks and islets with the largest of them being Cutler Stack off Nedelya Point. The feature is named for Lyubomir Ivanov, topographic surveyor in Antarctica during the 1994/95 and subsequent seasons, author of Antarctic topographic maps, and founding chairman of the Antarctic Place-names Commission of Bulgaria. In particular, he led the Tangr ...
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Cutler Stack
Cutler Stack is a conspicuous sea stack extending and rising to , lying off Ivanov Beach in the south of Barclay Bay, western Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The area was visited by early 19th century sealers. The feature is named after Captain Benjamin Cutler, part owner of the American brig ''Frederick'' that visited the area in 1820–21, and Master of the sealing schooner ''Free Gift'' that visited the area in 1821–22; his name was found carved on a piece of whale vertebra excavated from a stone hut on Byers Peninsula by a FIDS survey party in 1957–58. Location The stack is located at which is north-northwest of Nedelya Point, east-northeast of Lair Point and southwest of Rowe Point (British mapping in 1968, detailed Spanish mapping in 1992, and Bulgarian mapping in 2009 and 2017). See also * Composite Antarctic Gazetteer * List of Antarctic islands south of 60° S * SCAR * Territorial claims in Antarctica Maps Península Byers, Isla ...
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Rowe Point
Rowe Point is a sharp, low ice-free point at the northeastern extremity of Ivanov Beach on the southeast coast of Barclay Bay in western Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. Mneme Lake is just west of the point. The feature is part of the Antarctic Specially Protected Area ''ASPA 126 Byers Peninsula'', in one of its restricted zones.Management Plan for Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 126 Byers Peninsula.
Measure 4 (2016), ATCM XXXIX Final Report. Santiago, 2016 The point is named after Captain Henry Rowe, Master of the British sealing vessel ''Grace'' that operated out of the bay of

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Negro Hill
Negro Hill is a conspicuous rocky hill, double-peaked with a small tarn in between, rising to 100 m at South Beaches on Byers Peninsula, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. It surmounts Fontus Lake on the south. The area was visited by 19th-century sealers. The feature was descriptively named (‘Morro Negro’ meaning "Black Hill" in Spanish) by an Argentine Antarctic Expedition in about 1958. Location Negro Hill is located at , which is 1.1 km northeast of Dometa Point, 4.99 km east-northeast of Nikopol Point, 4.71 km east-southeast of Chester Cone, 1.95 km south of Tsamblak Hill and 4.04 km west-northwest of Rish Point (British mapping in 1968, detailed Spanish mapping in 1992, and Bulgarian mapping in 2005 and 2009). Maps Península Byers, Isla Livingston.Mapa topográfico a escala 1:25000. Madrid: Servicio Geográfico del Ejército, 1992. * L.L. Ivanov et al. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich Island, South Shetl ...
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