|
Rio De Fornos
Rio de Fornos is a village near Vinhais, in the district of Bragança, province of Trás-os-Montes, in the North of Portugal. History Literal translation into English is "River of Ovens", as there is a river that runs through this village that originates in the mountains. The name comes from the fact that ovens used to be made out of clay that came from this river. Clays sintered in fire were the first ceramic. The Inquirições Inquirições were the Royal Portuguese commissions. They were put forward by the crown in accomplishing edicts. Afonso II of Portugal, Afonso II instituted (from 1220) inquirições to investigate the nature of holdings and to recover whatever h ... of 1258 referred to Rio de Fornos being governed by the church of S. Pedro de Rio de Fornos, not parochial but by the possession of an ''eighth of half'' the town of Zido. This land was a donation that had been made in time of D. Afonso II who reigned from 1211 to 1222. In 1796, Rio de Fornos was govern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vinhais
Vinhais (; cel-x-proto, Veniatia) is a municipality in the district of Bragança, northern Portugal. The population in 2011 was 9,066, in an area of 694.76 km2. The present mayor is Américo Afonso Pereira, elected by the Socialist Party. The municipal holiday is May 20. Parishes The municipality is composed of 26 parishes: * Agrochão * Candedo * Celas * Curopos e Vale de Janeiro * Edral * Edrosa * Ervedoa * Moimenta e Montouto * Nunes e Ousilhão * Paçó * Penhas Juntas * Quirás e Pinheiro Novo * Rebordelo * Santalha * Sobreiró de Baixo e Alvaredos * Soeira, Fresulfe e Mofreita * Travanca e Santa Cruz * Tuizelo * Vale das Fontes * Vila Boa de Ousilhão * Vila Verde * Vilar de Lomba e São Jomil * Vilar de Ossos * Vilar de Peregrinos * Vilar Seco de Lomba * Vinhais Geography The northern boundary of the municipality extends to the border with Spain, 23 km away. It is perched on the slopes of the Coroa mountains at an altitude of approximately 600 meters, prot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bragança District
Bragança District ( pt, Distrito de Bragança ; mwl, Çtrito de Bergáncia) is a traditional political division of Portugal, in the northeast corner bordering on Spain (Castile and Leon and Galicia), covering 7.4% of the nation's continental landmass. the total resident population was 136,252, making it the second-least populous district in Portugal, only surpassing Portalegre District. Bragança is administratively divided in twelve municipalities and 299 parishes located in the north-eastern part of Trás-os-Montes. The capital of the district, Bragança, is from Porto, the second largest town in Portugal, from the Spanish town of Zamora and from Salamanca, also in Spain.Sreko Devjak et al. (2007), p.2 It is bordered by Spain (Castile and Leon and Galicia) in the north and northeast, Vila Real District in the west, Viseu District in the southwest and Guarda District in the south. History During the Roman era, the territory was part of the much larger province of Ga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trás-os-Montes (region)
Trás-os-Montes () is a geographical, historical and cultural region of Portugal. Portuguese for "behind the mountains", Trás-os-Montes is located northeast of the country in an upland area, landlocked by the Douro and Tâmega rivers to south and west and by the Spanish communities of Galicia and Castile and León to the north and east. This relative isolation has led to the survival of cultural traditions that mark the Portuguese identity. On the other hand, its extreme continentality also contributed to the lack of development, which led its inhabitants to seek for better conditions on the coast or emigrate to other European countries such as France, Luxembourg and Switzerland, and to Brazil. History Geography The name of Trás-os-Montes refers to the location to the east of mountains such as Marão, Alvão and Gerês, which separate the interior from the coast, and which form a valley around the Douro River. These natural barriers have kept this region of Portugal d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norte, Portugal
The North Region ( pt, Região do Norte ) or Northern Portugal is the most populous region in Portugal, ahead of Lisbon, and the third most extensive by area. The region has 3,576,205 inhabitants according to the 2017 census, and its area is with a density of 173 inhabitants per square kilometre. It is one of five regions of Mainland Portugal ( NUTS II subdivisions). Its main population center is the urban area of Porto, with about one million inhabitants; it includes a larger political metropolitan region with 1.8 million, and an urban-metropolitan agglomeration with 2.99 million inhabitants, including Porto and neighboring cities, such as Braga, Guimarães and Póvoa de Varzim. The Commission of Regional Coordination of the North (CCDR-N) is the agency that coordinates environmental policies, land-use planning, cities and the overall development of this region, supporting local governments and associations. Northern Portugal is a culturally varied region. It is a land of dense ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clay
Clay is a type of fine-grained natural soil material containing clay minerals (hydrous aluminium phyllosilicates, e.g. kaolin, Al2 Si2 O5( OH)4). Clays develop plasticity when wet, due to a molecular film of water surrounding the clay particles, but become hard, brittle and non–plastic upon drying or firing. Most pure clay minerals are white or light-coloured, but natural clays show a variety of colours from impurities, such as a reddish or brownish colour from small amounts of iron oxide. Clay is the oldest known ceramic material. Prehistoric humans discovered the useful properties of clay and used it for making pottery. Some of the earliest pottery shards have been dated to around 14,000 BC, and clay tablets were the first known writing medium. Clay is used in many modern industrial processes, such as paper making, cement production, and chemical filtering. Between one-half and two-thirds of the world's population live or work in buildings made with clay, often ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sintered
Clinker nodules produced by sintering Sintering or frittage is the process of compacting and forming a solid mass of material by pressure or heat without melting it to the point of liquefaction. Sintering happens as part of a manufacturing process used with metals, ceramics, plastics, and other materials. The atoms in the materials diffuse across the boundaries of the particles, fusing the particles together and creating one solid piece. Because the sintering temperature does not have to reach the melting point of the material, sintering is often chosen as the shaping process for materials with extremely high melting points such as tungsten and molybdenum. The study of sintering in metallurgical powder-related processes is known as powder metallurgy. An example of sintering can be observed when ice cubes in a glass of water adhere to each other, which is driven by the temperature difference between the water and the ice. Examples of pressure-driven sintering are the compact ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ceramic
A ceramic is any of the various hard, brittle, heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials made by shaping and then firing an inorganic, nonmetallic material, such as clay, at a high temperature. Common examples are earthenware, porcelain, and brick. The earliest ceramics made by humans were pottery objects (''pots,'' ''vessels or vases'') or figurines made from clay, either by itself or mixed with other materials like silica, hardened and sintered in fire. Later, ceramics were glazed and fired to create smooth, colored surfaces, decreasing porosity through the use of glassy, amorphous ceramic coatings on top of the crystalline ceramic substrates. Ceramics now include domestic, industrial and building products, as well as a wide range of materials developed for use in advanced ceramic engineering, such as in semiconductors. The word "'' ceramic''" comes from the Greek word (), "of pottery" or "for pottery", from (), "potter's clay, tile, pottery". The earliest kno ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inquirições
Inquirições were the Royal Portuguese commissions. They were put forward by the crown in accomplishing edicts. Afonso II of Portugal, Afonso II instituted (from 1220) inquirições to investigate the nature of holdings and to recover whatever had been illegally taken from the crown. This issue was in response to the church's rein over Portuguese land as they supported Afonso's fight in the civil war with Sancho II of Portugal, Sancho II. The General Inquirições The general ''Inquirições'' were issued by King Afonso III of Portugal, Afonso III in 1258 to investigate the nature of holdings and to recover whatever had been illegally taken from the crown. The royal commissions were met with much protest by the prelates as it would have deprived the church of much property. Most of the prelates subsequently left the country. Although Afonso was excommunicated and threatened with deposition, he continued to defy the church until shortly before his death early in 1279. Eventua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Populated Places In Bragança District
Population typically refers to the number of people in a single area, whether it be a city or town, region, country, continent, or the world. Governments typically quantify the size of the resident population within their jurisdiction using a census, a process of collecting, analysing, compiling, and publishing data regarding a population. Perspectives of various disciplines Social sciences In sociology and population geography, population refers to a group of human beings with some predefined criterion in common, such as location, race, ethnicity, nationality, or religion. Demography is a social science which entails the statistical study of populations. Ecology In ecology, a population is a group of organisms of the same species who inhabit the same particular geographical area and are capable of interbreeding. The area of a sexual population is the area where inter-breeding is possible between any pair within the area and more probable than cross-breeding with ind ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
