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Richard Le Scrope, 1st Baron Scrope Of Bolton
Richard le Scrope, 1st Baron Scrope of Bolton ( 1327 – 30 May 1403) was an English soldier and courtier, serving Richard II of England. He also fought under the Black Prince at the Battle of Crecy in 1346. Biography Richard le Scrope was a Knight of the Shire for Yorkshire in the parliament of 1364, and was summoned to the upper house as a baron by writ in 1371, when he was made Lord High Treasurer and Keeper of the Great Seal. In 1378 Lord Scrope became Lord Chancellor, a role in which he attempted to curb the extravagance of Richard II, but resigned in 1380 when the government collapsed due to military failures in France. After the turbulence of the Peasants' revolt, in which his successor was beheaded by the rebels, he took up the position again. He was finally deprived of office by King Richard for non-cooperation in 1382 and thereafter dedicated himself to the rebuilding of Bolton Castle. on his estates in Wensleydale in Yorkshire, for which he had been given licence to c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Azure, A Bend Or
''Scrope v Grosvenor'' (1389) was an early intellectual property lawsuit, specifically regarding the law of arms. One of the earliest heraldic cases brought in England, the case resulted from two different knights in King Richard II's service, Richard Scrope, 1st Baron Scrope of Bolton and Sir Robert Grosvenor, discovering they were using the same undifferenced coat of arms, blazoned "Azure, a bend Or". This had previously gone unnoticed because the armigers' families were from different parts of England. As the law of arms by the 14th century prohibited armigers within the same system of arms from holding the same undifferenced arms, Scrope brought suit against Grosvenor in 1386 to determine who would be allowed to continue using the arms in question; the Court of Chivalry found in Scrope's favour in 1389, and King Richard affirmed the decision the following year. Historical background By the 12th and 13th centuries, the composition of coats of arms consisted of only one ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geoffrey Chaucer
Geoffrey Chaucer (; – 25 October 1400) was an English poet, author, and civil servant best known for '' The Canterbury Tales''. He has been called the "father of English literature", or, alternatively, the "father of English poetry". He was the first writer to be buried in what has since come to be called Poets' Corner, in Westminster Abbey. Chaucer also gained fame as a philosopher and astronomer, composing the scientific '' A Treatise on the Astrolabe'' for his 10-year-old son Lewis. He maintained a career in the civil service as a bureaucrat, courtier, diplomat, and member of parliament. Among Chaucer's many other works are '' The Book of the Duchess'', '' The House of Fame'', '' The Legend of Good Women'', and '' Troilus and Criseyde''. He is seen as crucial in legitimising the literary use of Middle English when the dominant literary languages in England were still Anglo-Norman French and Latin. Chaucer's contemporary Thomas Hoccleve hailed him as "the firste fyn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Braybrooke
Robert Braybrooke was a medieval Dean of Salisbury and Bishop of London. Biography Braybrooke was the son of Sir Gerard Braybrooke of Horsenden, Buckinghamshire & Colmworth, Bedfordshire and his wife, Isabella, the daughter of Sir Roger Dakeny of Clophill. He was nominated 9 September 1381 and consecrated on 5 January 1382.Fryde, et al. ''Handbook of British Chronology'' p. 258 Braybrooke was named Lord Chancellor of England on 20 September 1382 and was out of the office by 11 July 1383.Fryde, et al. ''Handbook of British Chronology'' p. 87 Braybrooke accompanied King Richard II to Ireland in 1394 and was Lord Chancellor of Ireland for six months in 1397. Braybrooke died on 28 August 1404, and was buried in St. Paul's Cathedral. His tomb was smashed during the Great Fire of London in 1666, and his body was found inside intact and mummified. See also * Secretary of State (England) * List of Lord Chancellors and Lord Keepers The following is a list of Lord Chancellors and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Courtenay
William Courtenay ( 134231 July 1396) was Archbishop of Canterbury (1381–1396), having previously been Bishop of Hereford and Bishop of London. Early life and education Courtenay was a younger son of Hugh de Courtenay, 10th Earl of Devon (died 1377), and his wife Margaret, daughter of Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford and granddaughter of Edward I. He was said to have been born at the family's estate at Exminster.Lysons and LysonsParishes: Exminster – Exmouth ''Magna Britannia: volume 6: Devonshire'' Being a native of the west of England, Courtenay was educated at Stapledon Hall, Oxford, and after graduating in law was chosen chancellor of the university in 1367. Courtenay's ecclesiastical and political career began about the same time. Career Having been made prebendary of Exeter, of Wells and of York, he was consecrated bishop of Hereford on 17 March 1370,Fryde, et al. ''Handbook of British Chronology'' p. 250 was translated to the see of London on 12 Sep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simon Sudbury
Simon Sudbury ( – 14 June 1381) was Bishop of London from 1361 to 1375, Archbishop of Canterbury from 1375 until his death, and in the last year of his life Lord Chancellor of England. He met a violent death during the Peasants' Revolt in 1381. Life The son of Nigel Theobald, Sudbury (as he later became known) was born at Sudbury in Suffolk, studied at the University of Paris, and became one of the chaplains of Pope Innocent VI, one of the Avignon popes, who in 1356 sent him on a mission to Edward III of England. In 1361 Sudbury was made Chancellor of Salisbury and in October that year the pope provided him to be Bishop of London, Sudbury's consecration occurring on 20 March 1362.Fryde, et al. ''Handbook of British Chronology'' p. 258 He was soon serving Edward III as an ambassador and in other ways. On 4 May 1375 he succeeded William Whittlesey as archbishop of Canterbury,Fryde, et al. ''Handbook of British Chronology'' p. 233 and during the rest of his life was a p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adam Houghton
Adam Houghton (died 13 February 1389), also known as Adam de Houghton, was Bishop of St David's from 1361 until his death and Lord Chancellor of England from 1377 to 1378. A Doctor of Laws and an advocate of the Court of Arches, he was also sent on missions to France for King Edward III. In April 1377, with the Caroline War going badly for the English, Edward sent Houghton to seek a peace settlement with Charles V of France, but in June Edward died, and Houghton was recalled. In 1380 he helped to negotiate the marriage of King Richard II to Anne of Bohemia. Early life It was long reported, by a local tradition dating at least from the 16th century, that Houghton had been born in Dewisland, or the immediate neighbourhood of St David's, although from his name he is plainly of an English or Anglo-Norman family.William Basil Jones, Edward Augustus Freeman, ''The history and antiquities of Saint David's'' (1856)p.303/ref> There is a long-standing local claim that the farm of Caerf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baron Scrope Of Bolton
Baron Scrope of Bolton was a title in the Peerage of England. It was created for Sir Richard le Scrope as a barony by writ on 8 January 1371. It became dormant on the death of the 11th Baron (1st Earl of Sunderland) in 1630 without legitimate children. Barons Scrope of Bolton (1371) *Richard Scrope, 1st Baron Scrope of Bolton (c. 1327–1403) * Roger Scrope, 2nd Baron Scrope of Bolton (d. 1403) *Richard Scrope, 3rd Baron Scrope of Bolton (1393–1420) *Henry Scrope, 4th Baron Scrope of Bolton (1418–1459) * John Scrope, 5th Baron Scrope of Bolton (1435–1498) *Henry Scrope, 6th Baron Scrope of Bolton (d. 1506) *Henry Scrope, 7th Baron Scrope of Bolton (c. 1480–1533) *John Scrope, 8th Baron Scrope of Bolton (d. 1549) *Henry Scrope, 9th Baron Scrope of Bolton (c. 1534–1591) *Thomas Scrope, 10th Baron Scrope of Bolton (c. 1567–1609) * Emanuel Scrope, 1st Earl of Sunderland, 11th Baron Scrope of Bolton (1584–1630) Title dormant 1630 to 1731 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Le Scrope, 1st Earl Of Wiltshire
William le Scrope, Earl of Wiltshire, King of Mann (c. 1350 – 29 July 1399) was a close supporter of King Richard II of England. He was a second son of Richard le Scrope, 1st Baron Scrope of Bolton. Life He was a soldier-adventurer in Lithuania, Italy and France, where he served with John of Gaunt. Gaunt made him seneschal of Aquitaine in 1383. He was made vice-chamberlain of the household of King Richard II in 1393 and granted the castle and manor of Marlborough in Wiltshire. In the same year his father purchased for him the Isle of Man from the earl of Salisbury, giving him the nominal title ''Dominus de Man'' or King of Mann. In 1394 he became a Knight of the Garter. He was created Earl of Wiltshire in 1397 and became Lord High Treasurer in 1398. He became effective head of the government in Richard's absence. He benefitted from the confiscated estates of Thomas de Beauchamp, 12th Earl of Warwick, who was kept for a time under his care in the Isle of Man, and of John of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roger Le Scrope, 2nd Baron Scrope Of Bolton
Roger Scrope, 2nd Baron Scrope of Bolton was a member of the English peerage in the late fourteenth century. He was the second son of Richard le Scrope, 1st Baron Scrope of Bolton (''c''. 1327–1403) and Blanche de la Pole (sister of the earl of Suffolk). Roger Scrope's elder brother, his father's heir, had been beheaded for treason by the newly crowned King Henry IV in 1399, making Roger his father's heir. Roger Scrope was probably born prior to 1370, and was knighted 1385, while he was deputy governor of Mann. He was married ''c''. 1385 to Margaretha Tiptoft (alias de Tibetot) (1366–1431), co-heiress of the Barony of Tibetot. Roger Scrope died in Bolton on 3 December 1403, only four months after inheriting his title. He was buried in Easby; his will had been written two days previously. His widow married again two years later, but her second husband fled the realm in 1415, having been condemned as a felon. His heir was his only son, who became Richard Scrope, 3rd Baro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingston Upon Hull
Kingston upon Hull, usually abbreviated to Hull, is a port city and unitary authority in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It lies upon the River Hull at its confluence with the Humber Estuary, inland from the North Sea and south-east of York, the historic county town. With a population of (), it is the fourth-largest city in the Yorkshire and the Humber region after Leeds, Sheffield and Bradford. The town of Wyke on Hull was founded late in the 12th century by the monks of Meaux Abbey as a port from which to export their wool. Renamed ''Kings-town upon Hull'' in 1299, Hull had been a market town, military supply port, trading centre, fishing and whaling centre and industrial metropolis. Hull was an early theatre of battle in the English Civil Wars. Its 18th-century Member of Parliament, William Wilberforce, took a prominent part in the abolition of the slave trade in Britain. More than 95% of the city was damaged or destroyed in the blitz and suffere ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William De La Pole (Chief Baron Of The Exchequer)
Sir William de la Pole (died 21 June 1366) was a wealthy wool merchant from Kingston upon Hull in Yorkshire, England, who became a royal moneylender and briefly served as Chief Baron of the Exchequer. He founded the ''de la Pole'' family, Earls of Lincoln, Earls of Suffolk and Dukes of Suffolk, which by his mercantile and financial prowess he raised from relative obscurity to one of the primary families of the realm in a single generation. At the end of the 14th century he was described in the 'Chronicle of Melsa' as "second to no other merchant of England" (''nulli Angligenae mercatori postea secundus fuit''). He was the founder of the Charterhouse Monastery, Kingston upon Hull. Origins William de la Pole is generally held to be the second eldest of three brothers; he had an elder brother and associate Richard de la Pole (died 1345) who was also a merchant, and a younger brother, John. His date of birth has been estimated from 1290 to 1295 or possibly earlier.His early lif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archbishop Of York
The archbishop of York is a senior bishop in the Church of England, second only to the archbishop of Canterbury. The archbishop is the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of York and the metropolitan bishop of the province of York, which covers the northern regions of England (north of the Trent) as well as the Isle of Man. The archbishop's throne ('' cathedra'') is in York Minster in central York and the official residence is Bishopthorpe Palace in the village of Bishopthorpe outside York. The current archbishop is Stephen Cottrell, since the confirmation of his election on 9 July 2020. History Roman There was a bishop in Eboracum ( Roman York) from very early times; during the Middle Ages, it was thought to have been one of the dioceses established by the legendary King Lucius. Bishops of York are known to have been present at the councils of Arles (Eborius) and Nicaea (unnamed). However, this early Christian community was later destroyed by the pagan Anglo-Saxons ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
