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Richard Graul
Richard Graul (24 June 1862 – 25 December 1944) was a German art historian and museum curator. Life Born in Leipzig, the son of a wallpaper pattern artist and manufacturer, completed an apprenticeship as a bookseller in Frankfurt. In 1881 he joined his father's pattern-drawing studio in Frankfurt, where he first became involved with industrial arts. In 1888 he received his doctorate in Zurich with a dissertation on the history of decorative sculpture in the Netherlands during the 16th century. From 1889 to 1892 he was secretary of the Society for Reproducing Art in Vienna and, in addition, editor of its journal ''Die graphischen Künste'' until 1894. In 1892 he began as a trainee in the sculpture collection and the picture gallery of the Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, where he became assistant at the Alte Nationalgalerie in 1894 and worked in 1896 at the Kunstgewerbemuseum Berlin with Julius Lessing. In 1896 Graul left Berlin and went to the Leipzig Museum of Applied Arts of w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Art Historian
Art history is the study of aesthetic objects and visual expression in historical and stylistic context. Traditionally, the discipline of art history emphasized painting, drawing, sculpture, architecture, ceramics and decorative arts; yet today, art history examines broader aspects of visual culture, including the various visual and conceptual outcomes related to an ever-evolving definition of art. Art history encompasses the study of objects created by different cultures around the world and throughout history that convey meaning, importance or serve usefulness primarily through visual representations. As a discipline, art history is distinguished from art criticism, which is concerned with establishing a relative artistic value upon individual works with respect to others of comparable style or sanctioning an entire style or movement; and art theory or "philosophy of art", which is concerned with the fundamental nature of art. One branch of this area of study is aesthetics, wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leipzig Trade Fair
The Leipzig Trade Fair (german: Leipziger Messe) is a major trade fair, which traces its roots back for nearly a millennium. After the Second World War, Leipzig fell within the territory of East Germany, whereupon the Leipzig Trade Fair became one of the most important trade fairs of Comecon and was traditionally a meeting place for businessmen and politicians from both sides of the Iron Curtain. Since 1996, the fair has taken place on the Leipzig fairgrounds, located about north of the city centre. History Early history The history of the Leipzig fairs goes back to the Middle Ages. A fair held at Leipzig is first mentioned in 1165. Otto the Rich, Margrave of Meissen presented the Leipzig fairs under protection. No other fair was allowed within a circle of a mile (7.5 km) away ( Bannmeile). In 1268, Margrave Theodoric of Landsberg secured all merchants travelers to Leipzig full protection for person and goods, even if their sovereign was at feud with him. This led to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1944 Deaths
Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 2 – WWII: ** Free France, Free French General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny is appointed to command First Army (France), French Army B, part of the Sixth United States Army Group in North Africa. ** Landing at Saidor: 13,000 US and Australian troops land on Papua New Guinea, in an attempt to cut off a Japanese retreat. * January 8 – WWII: Philippine Commonwealth troops enter the province of Ilocos Sur in northern Luzon and attack Japanese forces. * January 11 ** President of the United States Franklin D. Roosevelt proposes a Second Bill of Rights for social and economic security, in his State of the Union address. ** The Nazi German administration expands Kraków-Płaszów concentration camp into the larger standalone ''Konzentrationslager Plaszow bei Krakau'' in occupied Poland. * January 12 – WWII: Winston Churchill and Charles de Gaulle begin a 2-day conference in Marrakech ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1862 Births
Year 186 ( CLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Aurelius and Glabrio (or, less frequently, year 939 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 186 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * Peasants in Gaul stage an anti-tax uprising under Maternus. * Roman governor Pertinax escapes an assassination attempt, by British usurpers. New Zealand * The Hatepe volcanic eruption extends Lake Taupō and makes skies red across the world. However, recent radiocarbon dating by R. Sparks has put the date at 233 AD ± 13 (95% confidence). Births * Ma Liang, Chinese official of the Shu Han state (d. 222) Deaths * April 21 – Apollonius the Apologist, Christian martyr * Bian Zhang, Chinese official and gene ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Art Historians
German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) ** Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Germanic peoples (Roman times) * German language **any of the Germanic languages * German cuisine, traditional foods of Germany People * German (given name) * German (surname) * Germán, a Spanish name Places * German (parish), Isle of Man * German, Albania, or Gërmej * German, Bulgaria * German, Iran * German, North Macedonia * German, New York, U.S. * Agios Germanos, Greece Other uses * German (mythology), a South Slavic mythological being * Germans (band), a Canadian rock band * "German" (song), a 2019 song by No Money Enterprise * ''The German'', a 2008 short film * "The Germans", an episode of ''Fawlty Towers'' * ''The German'', a nickname for Congolese rebel André Kisase Ngandu See also * Germanic (other) * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deutsche Biographische Enzyklopädie
The ''Deutsche Biographische Enzyklopädie'' (''DBE'') is a biographical dictionary published by Walther Killy and Rudolf Vierhaus (from the third to fourth volume), the first edition of which was published from 1995 to 2003 in 13 volumes by K. G. Saur Verlag. Between 2005 and 2008 a second twelve-volume, revised and extended edition was published. Profile The first issue of the ''German Biographical Encyclopedia'' contained articles on around 56,000 people. In the second edition, this number grew to around 63,000 people. The majority of the articles are short biographies compiled by the editorial staff; in addition there are around 1,300 detailed personal articles written by experts and signed by name. The period of coverage started with the beginning of the written tradition and continues to the present day – with the exception of living persons. It documents life and work, origin, educational background, influential encounters, significant works and achievements, friendshi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rudolf Vierhaus
Rudolf Vierhaus (29 October 1922 – 13 November 2011) was a German historian who mainly researched the Early modern period. He had been a professor at the newly founded Ruhr University Bochum since 1964. From 1971, he was director of the in Göttingen. He became known for his research on the Age of Enlightenment. Life Born in Wanne-Eickel, the son of a coalminer was the first of his family to attend the Oberrealschule and passed his Abitur in 1941. In the same year, he was called up for military service. As a lieutenant, he was seriously wounded in the battle with American troops at the Moselle in autumn 1944. Vierhaus was captured in Marburg the following year. He spent the following years in military hospitals and clinics. It was not until 1949 that his state of health was reasonably restored. From 1949 he studied history and philosophy at the Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität . His academic teachers were Kurt von Raumer, Herbert Grundmann and Joachim Ritter. Vierhaus w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walther Killy
Walther Killy (26 August 191728 December 1995) was a German literary scholar who specialised in poetry, especially that of Friedrich Hölderlin and Georg Trakl. He taught at the Free University of Berlin, the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, as founding rector of the University of Bremen, as visiting scholar at the University of California and Harvard University, and at the University of Bern. He became known as editor of literary encyclopedias, the ''Killy Literaturlexikon'' and the ''Deutsche Biographische Enzyklopädie''. Life Killy was born in Bonn, the son of the lawyer . He studied German, and wrote his doctoral thesis ''Die Überlieferung der Gedichte Hölderlins'', about the tradition of poems by Friedrich Hölderlin, with Julius Petersen in 1940. Killy and his father encouraged Petersen and in Weimar to produce a historical-critical edition of Hölderlin's works, planned to appear in time for the Hölderlin anniversary year 1943. Since Hölderlin was held in hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deutscher Werkbund
The Deutscher Werkbund (English: "German Association of Craftsmen"; ) is a German association of artists, architects, designers and industrialists established in 1907. The Werkbund became an important element in the development of modern architecture and industrial design, particularly in the later creation of the Bauhaus school of design. Its initial purpose was to establish a partnership of product manufacturers with design professionals to improve the competitiveness of German companies in global markets. The Werkbund was less an artistic movement than a state-sponsored effort to integrate traditional crafts and industrial mass production techniques, to put Germany on a competitive footing with England and the United States. Its motto ''Vom Sofakissen zum Städtebau'' (from sofa cushions to city-building) indicates its range of interest. History The Deutscher Werkbund emerged when the architect Joseph Maria Olbrich left Vienna for Darmstadt, Germany, in 1899, to form an ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pan (magazine)
''Pan'' (1895-1915) was a Berlin-based German arts magazine, published by the PAN co-operative of artists, poets and critics. Focused on literature, theatre and music, the magazine published more than 20 issues "without reference to commercial, moral, personal or polemical questions, appreciating only the purely aesthetic viewpoint.” The magazine's mission was democratic in its commitment to '' Gesamtkunstwerk'' ("synthesized artwork"), and providing support to young artists of all kinds. To that end, the magazine sold tiered subscriptions: standard and luxury, and quickly "became the most expensive German art magazine of its era. Its artists-first commitment also led to its becoming one of the best representations of pan-European art in the early days of Abstract and Expressionist art. History Co-founded by Richard Dehmel and published from 1895 to 1900 in Berlin by Otto Julius Bierbaum and Julius Meier-Graefe, the group only ended up publishing three issues. In 1910, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grassimuseum
The Grassi Museum is a building complex in Leipzig, home to three museums: the Ethnography Museum, Musical Instruments Museum, and Applied Arts Museum. It is sometimes known as the "Museums in the Grassi", or as the "New" Grassi Museum (to distinguish it from the older building with this name, now home to the municipal library). Origins The museum is named after Franz Dominic Grassi, a Leipzig businessman of Italian descent, who bequeathed over two million marks to the city upon his death in 1880.Leipzigs "Grassi" erwacht in neuem Glanz Dankwart Guratzsch, '' |
Museum Der Bildenden Künste
The Museum der bildenden Künste (German: "Museum of Fine Arts") is a museum in Leipzig, Saxony, Germany. It covers artworks from the Late Middle Ages to Modernity. History Museum Foundation and First Museum The museum dates back to the founding of the "Leipzig Art Association" by Leipzig art collectors and promoters in 1837, and had set itself the goal of creating an art museum. On 10 December 1848, the association was able to open the "Städtische Museum" in the first public school on the Moritzbastei. There were issued approximately hundred gathered and donated works of (at that time) contemporary art. Through major donations including Maximilian Speck von Sternburg, Alfred Thieme and Adolf Heinrich Schletter the collection grew with time. In 1853, businessman and art collector Adolf Fer donated his collection under the condition that the city build a municipal museum within five years. Shortly before the deadline expired the museum was inaugurated on 18 December 1858. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
