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Rhizodonts
Rhizodontida is an extinct group of predatory tetrapodomorphs known from many areas of the world from the Givetian through to the Pennsylvanian - the earliest known species is about 377 million years ago (Mya), the latest around 310 Mya. Rhizodonts lived in tropical rivers and freshwater lakes and were the dominant predators of their age. They reached huge sizes - the largest known species, '' Rhizodus hibberti'' from Europe and North America, was an estimated 7 m in length, making it the largest freshwater fish known. Description The upper jaw had a marginal row of small teeth on the maxilla and premaxilla, medium-sized fangs on the ectopterygoid and dermopalatine bones, and large tusks on the vomers and premaxillae. On the lower jaw were marginal teeth on the dentary, with fangs on the three coronoids and a huge tusk at the symphysial tip of the dentary. Apparently, the left and right mandibles rotated inwards towards each other on biting. This may have been a kinetic mec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gooloogongia Loomesi Reconstruction
''Gooloogongia'' ( ) is a genus of prehistoric lobe-finned fish which belonged to the group of rhizodont fishes. ''Gooloogongia'' lived during the Late Devonian period (Famennian stage, about 360 million years ago). Fossils have been found in the Canowindra site, (Australia). It was named by Zerina Johanson and Per Ahlberg in 1998. In general size and shape ''Gooloogongia'' is similar to the modern saratoga which lives in the tropical rivers of northern Australia. ''Gooloogongia loomesi'' ("Loomes' Gooloogong") named after Bruce Loomes, the foreman of the 1993 excavation of the Canowindra site, and the town of Gooloogong, NSW. Description ''Gooloogongia'' was large in size (about 90 cm). Like other lobe-finned fishes, ''Gooloogongia'' had two rows of teeth in the jaw, the outer row being small teeth, and the inner row being larger fangs. The fangs of ''Gooloogongia'' are sharp and needle-like, but they were probably not strong enough to penetrate the armor plating of smal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sauripterus
''Sauripterus'' ("lizard wing") is a genus of rhizodont lobe-finned fish Sarcopterygii (; ) — sometimes considered synonymous with Crossopterygii () — is a taxon (traditionally a class or subclass) of the bony fishes known as the lobe-finned fishes. The group Tetrapoda, a mostly terrestrial superclass includ ... that lived during the Devonian period (416-360.7 Ma). This genus was described by J. Hall after its discovery at Powy's Curve in Pennsylvania. References Prehistoric lobe-finned fish genera Devonian fish of North America Rhizodonts {{paleo-lobefinned-fish-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sauripterus Taylori
''Sauripterus'' ("lizard wing") is a genus of rhizodont lobe-finned fish Sarcopterygii (; ) — sometimes considered synonymous with Crossopterygii () — is a taxon (traditionally a class or subclass) of the bony fishes known as the lobe-finned fishes. The group Tetrapoda, a mostly terrestrial superclass includ ... that lived during the Devonian period (416-360.7 Ma). This genus was described by J. Hall after its discovery at Powy's Curve in Pennsylvania. References Prehistoric lobe-finned fish genera Devonian fish of North America Rhizodonts {{paleo-lobefinned-fish-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archichthys
''Archichthys'' is a genus of rhizodontJ. E. Jeffery. 2006. The Carboniferous fish genera Strepsodus and Archichthys (Sarcopterygii: Rhizodontida): clarifying 150 years of confusion. Palaeontology 49(1):113-132 lobe-finned fish that lived during the Carboniferous period. Holotype of this fish was found in Northumberland Northumberland () is a county in Northern England, one of two counties in England which border with Scotland. Notable landmarks in the county include Alnwick Castle, Bamburgh Castle, Hadrian's Wall and Hexham Abbey. It is bordered by land ..., UK. References External links Fossil specimen: NEWHM NEWHM: G59.64 d – Holotype Carboniferous bony fish Prehistoric lobe-finned fish genera Rhizodonts {{paleo-lobefinned-fish-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barameda
''Barameda'' (Indigenous Australian language: "fish trap") is a genus of rhizodont lobe-finned fish which lived during the Tournaisian stage near the start of the Carboniferous period in Australia; fossils of the genus have been reported from the Snowy Plains Formation. The largest member of this genus, ''Barameda decipiens'', reached an estimated length of around , while smallest species, ''B. mitchelli'' is estimated to have length about . Description The ''Barameda'' has an extremely elongated and thick body typical of Carboniferous rhizodonts. It is covered with moderately thin, cycloidal scales, with thick bony plates covering its head and operculum (gill flaps), a tightly fused Skull roof, and extremely prominent, sharp fangs, devoid of serrations or cutting edges. Its scales preserved lateral line. Originally it is estimated to have a typical narrow pectoral fin, however later study shows that had wider pectoral fin like other Carboniferous rhizodonts. Alongside ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gooloogongia
''Gooloogongia'' ( ) is a genus of prehistoric lobe-finned fish which belonged to the group of rhizodont fishes. ''Gooloogongia'' lived during the Late Devonian period (Famennian stage, about 360 million years ago). Fossils have been found in the Canowindra site, ( Australia). It was named by Zerina Johanson and Per Ahlberg in 1998. In general size and shape ''Gooloogongia'' is similar to the modern saratoga which lives in the tropical rivers of northern Australia. ''Gooloogongia loomesi'' ("Loomes' Gooloogong") named after Bruce Loomes, the foreman of the 1993 excavation of the Canowindra site, and the town of Gooloogong, NSW. Description ''Gooloogongia'' was large in size (about 90 cm). Like other lobe-finned fishes, ''Gooloogongia'' had two rows of teeth in the jaw, the outer row being small teeth, and the inner row being larger fangs. The fangs of ''Gooloogongia'' are sharp and needle-like, but they were probably not strong enough to penetrate the armor plating of s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Letognathus
''Letognathus'' is a genus of rhizodont tetrapodomorph that lived during the Carboniferous period. Its remains come from the Blue Beach Member of the Horton Bluff Formation, near Hantsport, Nova Scotia. Like most rhizodonts, it was of relatively large size, had a large recurved fang at the symphysis of the lower jaw, and a row of three coronoid fangs along the length of the jaw in addition to its marginal dentition. ''Letognathus'' is important for rhizodont systematics because it retains a number of primitive features, such as ossified Meckel's cartilage, are not found in the genera ''Rhizodus'' and ''Strepsodus''. Taxonomic History The members of the Rhizodontida have nearly all had complex taxonomic historiesJeffery, J.E. 2006. The Carboniferous fish genera ''Strepsodus'' and ''Archichthys'' (Rhizodontida: Sarcopterygii): clarifying 150 years of confusion. ''Palaeontology'' 49: 113-132 due to earlier use of the genus ''Strepsodus'' as a wastebasket taxon. The taxon was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Strepsodus
''Strepsodus'' is a genus of rhizodont lobe-finned fish Sarcopterygii (; ) — sometimes considered synonymous with Crossopterygii () — is a taxon (traditionally a class or subclass) of the bony fishes known as the lobe-finned fishes. The group Tetrapoda, a mostly terrestrial superclass includ ... that lived during the Carboniferous period. Fossils have been found in North America and Australia. References Prehistoric lobe-finned fish genera Carboniferous fish of North America Prehistoric fish of Australia Rhizodonts {{Carboniferous-animal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhizodus
''Rhizodus'' (root tooth) is an extinct genus of basal, finned tetrapodomorphs (the group of sarcopterygians that contains modern tetrapods and their extinct relatives). It belonged to Rhizodontida, one of the earliest-diverging tetrapodomorph clades. Two valid species have been described, both of which lived during the Early Carboniferous epoch. The type species ''R. hibberti'' is known from the Viséan stage of the United Kingdom, whereas the species ''R. serpukhovensis'' is from the Serpukhovian of Russia. Some fossils referred to the genus ''Rhizodus'' have also been found in North America. Description The most notable characteristics of ''Rhizodus'', compared to other giant rhizodonts such as '' Barameda'', were the two fangs located near the front of its jaws, followed by other teeth scaling downwards in size. ''Rhizodus'' was a giant apex predator that resided in freshwater lakes, river systems and large swamps, with ''R. hibberti'' reaching in length. It fed on small ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Screbinodus
''Screbinodus'' is a genus of rhizodont lobe-finned fish Sarcopterygii (; ) — sometimes considered synonymous with Crossopterygii () — is a taxon (traditionally a class or subclass) of the bony fishes known as the lobe-finned fishes. The group Tetrapoda, a mostly terrestrial superclass includ ... that lived during the Carboniferous period. References Prehistoric lobe-finned fish genera Carboniferous bony fish Rhizodonts {{paleo-lobefinned-fish-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vomer
The vomer (; lat, vomer, lit=ploughshare) is one of the unpaired facial bones of the skull. It is located in the midsagittal line, and articulates with the sphenoid, the ethmoid, the left and right palatine bones, and the left and right maxillary bones. The vomer forms the inferior part of the nasal septum in humans, with the superior part formed by the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone. The name is derived from the Latin word for a ploughshare and the shape of the bone. In humans The vomer is situated in the median plane, but its anterior portion is frequently bent to one side. It is thin, somewhat quadrilateral in shape, and forms the hinder and lower part of the nasal septum; it has two surfaces and four borders. The surfaces are marked by small furrows for blood vessels, and on each is the nasopalatine groove, which runs obliquely downward and forward, and lodges the nasopalatine nerve and vessels. Borders The ''superior border'', the thickest, presents a dee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
