|
Rhencus
''Rhencus'' is a genus of marine ray-finned fish, grunts belonging to the family Haemulidae. The species within the genus are found in the eastern Pacific Ocean. It is not yet recognised by Fishbase but is by the Catalog of Fishes. Species The following species are classified within the genus ''Rhencus'': * '' Rhencus macracanthus'' ( Gũnther, 1864) (longspine grunt) * '' Rhencus panamensis'' Steindachner, 1875 (Panama grunt) Systematics The type species of ''Rhencus'' is ''Pristipoma panamensis '' which Fishbase still places 'within the genus ''Pomadasys''. Molecular studies now suggest that ''Pomadasys'' '' sensu lato'' is paraphyletic with the two ''Rhencus'' species being basal alongside ''Pomadasys argenteus'', one reason ''Pomadasys'' was paraphyletic. The genus ''Rhencus'' Jordan & Evermann, 1896 was revived to include the species listed above, the name ''Pristipoma'' being unavailable as its type species is ''Lutjanus hasta'', a junior synonym The Botanical and Zoo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pomadasys Pamanensis
''Pomadasys'' is a genus of grunts native to the waters of the eastern Atlantic Ocean and through the Indian Ocean to the Pacific coast of the Americas. The name of this genus is a compound of ''poma'' meaning "lid" or "covering" and ''dasys'' meaning "rough", a reference to the serrated preopercle. Species There are currently 34 recognized species in this genus: * ''Pomadasys aheneus'' McKay & J. E. Randall, 1995 (Yellowback grunt) * ''Pomadasys andamanensis'' McKay & Satapoomin, 1994 * ''Pomadasys argenteus'' ( Forsskål, 1775) (Silver grunt) * ''Pomadasys argyreus'' (Valenciennes, 1833) (Bluecheek silver grunt) * ''Pomadasys auritus'' (G. Cuvier, 1830) (Longhead grunt) * ''Pomadasys bayanus'' D. S. Jordan & Evermann, 1898 (Purplemouth grunt) * ''Pomadasys bipunctatus'' Kner, 1898 * ''Pomadasys branickii'' (Steindachner, 1879) (Sand grunt) * '' Pomadasys commersonnii'' (Lacépède, 1801) (Smallspotted grunter) * '' Pomadasys crocro'' (G. Cuvier, 1830) (Burro grunt) * '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haemulinae
Haemulinae is a subfamily of the Haemulidae and consists of the genera of that family which are regarded as being of New World origin, although they are now widespread. The subfamily is distinguished from the Plectorhynchinae by having a short dorsal fin which contains 13-16 soft rays, as opposed to the long dorsal fin with 17-26 soft rays of the subfamily Plectorhynchinae. Genera The following genera are included in the Haemulinae: * ''Anisotremus'' Gill 1861 * '' Boridia'' Cuvier, 1830 * ''Brachydeuterus'' Gill, 1862 * '' Conodon'' Cuvier, 1830 * '' Emmelichthyops'' Schultz, 1945 * ''Haemulon'' Cuvier, 1829 * '' Haemulopsis'' Steindachner, 1869 * ''Isacia'' Jordan & Fesler, 1893 * '' Microlepidotus'' Gill, 1862 * ''Orthopristis'' Girard, 1858 * '' Parakuhlia'' Pellegrin, 1913 * ''Pomadasys'' Lacépède, 1802 * '' Xenichthys'' Gill, 1862 * ''Xenistius'' Jordan & Gilbert, 1883 * '' Xenocys'' Jordan & Bollman, 1890 The genus '' Brachygenys'' is recognised by some auth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pomadasys
''Pomadasys'' is a genus of grunts native to the waters of the eastern Atlantic Ocean and through the Indian Ocean to the Pacific coast of the Americas. The name of this genus is a compound of ''poma'' meaning "lid" or "covering" and ''dasys'' meaning "rough", a reference to the serrated preopercle. Species There are currently 34 recognized species in this genus: * '' Pomadasys aheneus'' McKay & J. E. Randall, 1995 (Yellowback grunt) * '' Pomadasys andamanensis'' McKay & Satapoomin, 1994 * '' Pomadasys argenteus'' ( Forsskål, 1775) (Silver grunt) * '' Pomadasys argyreus'' (Valenciennes Valenciennes (, also , , ; nl, label=also Dutch, Valencijn; pcd, Valincyinnes or ; la, Valentianae) is a commune in the Nord department, Hauts-de-France, France. It lies on the Scheldt () river. Although the city and region experienced a ..., 1833) (Bluecheek silver grunt) * '' Pomadasys auritus'' ( G. Cuvier, 1830) (Longhead grunt) * '' Pomadasys bayanus'' D. S. Jordan & Evermann, 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pomadasys Macracanthus
''Pomadasys macracanthus'', the longspined grunt or Mexican gray perch, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grunt belonging to the family Haemulidae. It is native to the Eastern Pacific from Mexico to Ecuador. Description ''Pomadasys macracanthus'' has a body which is oblong and laterally compressed, its depth being over one-third its standard length. The overall colour is silvery marked with 4 or 5 vague dark bars on their flanks, these may have faded completely in adults, and a dark spot on the upper angle of the operculum. The dorsal profile of the head is straight and the small mouth is positioned terminally. The dorsal fin is deeply notched and contains 12-14 spines and 13-14 soft rays while the anal fin contains 3 spines and 7-8 soft rays. The pectoral fins are rather long extending as far as the anus. They whole fish is covered with scales. This species attains a maximum total length of , although is more typical. Distribution ''Pomadasys macracanthus'' is found ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
David Starr Jordan
David Starr Jordan (January 19, 1851 – September 19, 1931) was the founding president of Stanford University, serving from 1891 to 1913. He was an ichthyologist during his research career. Prior to serving as president of Stanford University, he had served as president of Indiana University from 1884 to 1891. Starr was also a strong supporter of eugenics, and his published views expressed a fear of "race-degeneration" and asserted that cattle and human beings are "governed by the same laws of selection". He was an antimilitarist since he believed that war killed off the best members of the gene pool, and he initially opposed American involvement in World War I. Early life and career Jordan was born in Gainesville, New York, and grew up on a farm in upstate New York. His parents made the unorthodox decision to educate him at a local girls' high school. His middle name, Starr, does not appear in early census records, and was apparently self-selected; he had begun using ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ray-finned Fish Genera
Actinopterygii (; ), members of which are known as ray-finned fishes, is a class of bony fish. They comprise over 50% of living vertebrate species. The ray-finned fishes are so called because their fins are webs of skin supported by bony or horny spines (rays), as opposed to the fleshy, lobed fins that characterize the class Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned fish). These actinopterygian fin rays attach directly to the proximal or basal skeletal elements, the radials, which represent the link or connection between these fins and the internal skeleton (e.g., pelvic and pectoral girdles). By species count, actinopterygians dominate the vertebrates, and they constitute nearly 99% of the over 30,000 species of fish. They are ubiquitous throughout freshwater and marine environments from the deep sea to the highest mountain streams. Extant species can range in size from ''Paedocypris'', at , to the massive ocean sunfish, at , and the long-bodied oarfish, at . The vast majority of Actinop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Junior Synonym
The Botanical and Zoological Codes of nomenclature treat the concept of synonymy differently. * In botanical nomenclature, a synonym is a scientific name that applies to a taxon that (now) goes by a different scientific name. For example, Linnaeus was the first to give a scientific name (under the currently used system of scientific nomenclature) to the Norway spruce, which he called ''Pinus abies''. This name is no longer in use, so it is now a synonym of the current scientific name, ''Picea abies''. * In zoology, moving a species from one genus to another results in a different binomen, but the name is considered an alternative combination rather than a synonym. The concept of synonymy in zoology is reserved for two names at the same rank that refers to a taxon at that rank - for example, the name ''Papilio prorsa'' Linnaeus, 1758 is a junior synonym of ''Papilio levana'' Linnaeus, 1758, being names for different seasonal forms of the species now referred to as ''Araschnia lev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basal (phylogenetics)
In phylogenetics, basal is the direction of the ''base'' (or root) of a phylogenetic tree#Rooted tree, rooted phylogenetic tree or cladogram. The term may be more strictly applied only to nodes adjacent to the root, or more loosely applied to nodes regarded as being close to the root. Note that extant taxa that lie on branches connecting directly to the root are not more closely related to the root than any other extant taxa. While there must always be two or more equally "basal" clades sprouting from the root of every cladogram, those clades may differ widely in taxonomic rank, Phylogenetic diversity, species diversity, or both. If ''C'' is a basal clade within ''D'' that has the lowest rank of all basal clades within ''D'', ''C'' may be described as ''the'' basal taxon of that rank within ''D''. The concept of a 'key innovation' implies some degree of correlation between evolutionary innovation and cladogenesis, diversification. However, such a correlation does not make a given ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paraphyletic
In taxonomy (general), taxonomy, a group is paraphyletic if it consists of the group's most recent common ancestor, last common ancestor and most of its descendants, excluding a few Monophyly, monophyletic subgroups. The group is said to be paraphyletic ''with respect to'' the excluded subgroups. In contrast, a monophyletic group (a clade) includes a common ancestor and ''all'' of its descendants. The terms are commonly used in phylogenetics (a subfield of biology) and in the tree model of historical linguistics. Paraphyletic groups are identified by a combination of Synapomorphy and apomorphy, synapomorphies and symplesiomorphy, symplesiomorphies. If many subgroups are missing from the named group, it is said to be polyparaphyletic. The term was coined by Willi Hennig to apply to well-known taxa like Reptilia (reptiles) which, as commonly named and traditionally defined, is paraphyletic with respect to mammals and birds. Reptilia contains the last common ancestor of reptiles a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sensu Lato
''Sensu'' is a Latin word meaning "in the sense of". It is used in a number of fields including biology, geology, linguistics, semiotics, and law. Commonly it refers to how strictly or loosely an expression is used in describing any particular concept, but it also appears in expressions that indicate the convention or context of the usage. Common qualifiers ''Sensu'' is the ablative case of the noun ''sensus'', here meaning "sense". It is often accompanied by an adjective (in the same case). Three such phrases are: *''sensu stricto'' – "in the strict sense", abbreviation ''s.s.'' or ''s.str.''; *''sensu lato'' – "in the broad sense", abbreviation ''s.l.''; *''sensu amplo'' – "in a relaxed, generous (or 'ample') sense", a similar meaning to ''sensu lato''. Søren Kierkegaard uses the phrase ''sensu eminenti'' to mean "in the pre-eminent r most important or significantsense". When appropriate, comparative and superlative adjectives may also be used to convey the meaning ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albert Günther
Albert Karl Ludwig Gotthilf Günther FRS, also Albert Charles Lewis Gotthilf Günther (3 October 1830 – 1 February 1914), was a German-born British zoologist, ichthyologist, and herpetologist. Günther is ranked the second-most productive reptile taxonomist (after George Albert Boulenger) with more than 340 reptile species described. Early life and career Günther was born in Esslingen in Swabia (Württemberg). His father was a ''Stiftungs-Commissar'' in Esslingen and his mother was Eleonora Nagel. He initially schooled at the Stuttgart Gymnasium. His family wished him to train for the ministry of the Lutheran Church for which he moved to the University of Tübingen. A brother shifted from theology to medicine, and he, too, turned to science and medicine at Tübingen in 1852. His first work was "''Ueber den Puppenzustand eines Distoma''". He graduated in medicine with an M.D. from Tübingen in 1858, the same year in which he published a handbook of zoology for students of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barton Warren Evermann
Barton Warren Evermann (October 24, 1853 – September 27, 1932) was an American ichthyologist. Early life and education Evermann was born in Monroe County, Iowa in 1853. His family moved to Indiana while he was still a child and it was there that he grew up, completed his education, and married. Evermann graduated from Indiana University in 1886. Career For 10 years, he served as teacher and superintendent of schools in Indiana and California. While teaching in Carroll County, Indiana Evermann met fellow teacher Meadie Hawkins. They married on October 24, 1875 and had a son, Toxaway Bronte (born 1879) and a daughter, Edith (born). He was professor of biology at the Indiana State University in Terre Haute from 1886 to 1891. He lectured at Stanford University in 1893–1894, at Cornell University in 1900–1903, and at Yale University in 1903–1906. In the early 20th century, as director of the California Academy of Sciences in San Francisco, he promoted resear ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
