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Rheda, Germany
Rheda is a town in North Rhine-Westphalia, a part of the municipality of Rheda-Wiedenbrück in the '' Kreis'' of Gütersloh. History Rheda was first mentioned in documents from the year 1085, at the latest 1088. Rheda Castle was, from 1170 until 1807 or 1815, the manor house of the Manor of Rheda. The Lordship was created from the ''Freigericht'' (free court or free jurisdiction) of Rheda and the '' Vögterei'' (stewardship) over the abbeys of Liesborn and Freckenhorst. On the death of the first Lord, Widukind of Rheda, in the Third Crusade, the lordship was inherited by Bernhard II, Lord of Lippe. Bernhard's successor, Hermann II, moved the seat of his lordship to Rheda Castle. On the death of Bernhard V without an heir in 1364, the Lordship of Rheda was seized by Bernhard's son-in-law, Otto V, Count of Tecklenburg, unlike the rest of the Lippian inheritance, which passed to Simon III, brother of Bernhard V; Simon III van Lippe on the Dutch Wikipedia 130 years later, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia (german: Nordrhein-Westfalen, ; li, Noordrien-Wesfale ; nds, Noordrhien-Westfalen; ksh, Noodrhing-Wäßßfaale), commonly shortened to NRW (), is a States of Germany, state (''Land'') in Western Germany. With more than 18 million inhabitants, it is the List of German states by population, most populous state of Germany. Apart from the city-states, it is also the List of German states by population density, most densely populated state in Germany. Covering an area of , it is the List of German states by area, fourth-largest German state by size. North Rhine-Westphalia features 30 of the 81 German municipalities with over 100,000 inhabitants, including Cologne (over 1 million), the state capital Düsseldorf, Dortmund and Essen (all about 600,000 inhabitants) and other cities predominantly located in the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan area, the largest urban area in Germany and the fourth-largest on the European continent. The location of the Rhine-Ruhr at the h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vögterei
During the Middle Ages, an (sometimes given as modern English: advocate; German: ; French: ) was an office-holder who was legally delegated to perform some of the secular responsibilities of a major feudal lord, or for an institution such as an abbey. Many such positions developed, especially in the Holy Roman Empire. Typically, these evolved to include responsibility for aspects of the daily management of agricultural lands, villages and cities. In some regions, advocates were governors of large provinces, sometimes distinguished by terms such as (in German). While the term was eventually used to refer to many types of governorship and advocacy, one of the earliest and most important types of was the church advocate (). These were originally lay lords, who not only helped defend religious institutions in the secular world, but were also responsible for exercising lordly responsibilities within the church's lands, such as the handling of legal cases which might require the u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhenish Gulden
The Rhenish ''gulden'' or Rhenish ''guilder'' (german: Rheinischer Gulden; la, florenus Rheni) was a gold, standard currency coin of the Rhineland in the 14th and 15th centuries. They weighed between 3.4 and 3.8 grams (). History The Rhenish gold ''gulden'' was created when the electors of Cologne, Trier and Mainz were rewarded for their support in the election of Charles IV with a right to mint gold coins (), a right derived from the Golden Bull. Trier was given the privilege on 25 November 1346, Cologne on 26 November 1346 and Mainz on 22 January 1354. The Rhenish ''gulden'' or ''florin'' began in 1354 as a copy of the Florentine ''florin'' (weight th a Cologne Mark of gold, 23 karats fine, or 3.43 g fine gold). However, by the early 15th century it has lost most of its gold content. In 1419 it was th a Cologne Mark of gold, 19 karats fine; hence 2.76 g fine gold. As a result of the widespread minting of gold ''guldens'' by the electors of Cologne, Mainz, Trier and the E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dutch Wikipedia
The Dutch Wikipedia ( nl, Nederlandstalige Wikipedia) is the Dutch-language edition of the free online encyclopedia, Wikipedia. It was founded on 19 June 2001. As of , the Dutch Wikipedia is the -largest Wikipedia edition, with articles. It was the fourth Wikipedia edition to exceed one million articles, after the English, German, and French editions. In April 2016, 1154 active editors made at least five edits in that month. Dutch is consistently the most popular Wikipedia in the Netherlands. In Belgium, sometimes it is the most popular as well; in Suriname however, the only Dutch-speaking country outside Europe, it is second after English. In Belgium, the most popular Wikipedia is usually French. In Curaçao and Aruba, as well in Caribbean Netherlands, it has a presence, but has fewer pageviews than English there. History The Dutch Wikipedia was started on 19 June 2001, and reached 100,000 articles on 14 October 2005. It briefly surpassed the Polish Wikipedia as the six ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simon III, Lord Of Lippe
Simon III, Lord of Lippe ( – 1410) was Lord of Lippe from 1360 until his death. He was to son of Otto, from whom he inherited the city of Lemgo. His control of the surrounding areas was initially uncertain. As late as 1368, the castellans of his castles and representatives of the cities of Horn, Detmold and Blomberg published a joint declaration, stating that in the future, they would only recognize the heir as their sovereign only if the two main cities in the Lordship, Lippstadt and Lemgo, would agree. In the ancestral lands around the cities of Lippstadt and Rheda, however, the situation was complicated, because after the death of his uncle Bernard V, around 1365, his widow Richarda had initially given his part of Lippe to Count Otto VI of Tecklenburg, who was the husband of her eldest daughter. In 1366, she had revoked the gift and acknowledged Simon III as her husband's heir. Otto VI, however, refused to return the gift. This led to a struggle that would last s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otto V, Count Of Tecklenburg
Otto is a masculine German given name and a surname. It originates as an Old High German short form (variants ''Audo'', ''Odo'', ''Udo'') of Germanic names beginning in ''aud-'', an element meaning "wealth, prosperity". The name is recorded from the 7th century ( Odo, son of Uro, courtier of Sigebert III). It was the name of three 10th-century German kings, the first of whom was Otto I the Great, the first Holy Roman Emperor, founder of the Ottonian dynasty. The Gothic form of the prefix was ''auda-'' (as in e.g. '' Audaþius''), the Anglo-Saxon form was ''ead-'' (as in e.g. ''Eadmund''), and the Old Norse form was '' auð-''. The given name Otis arose from an English surname, which was in turn derived from ''Ode'', a variant form of ''Odo, Otto''. Due to Otto von Bismarck, the given name ''Otto'' was strongly associated with the German Empire in the later 19th century. It was comparatively frequently given in the United States (presumably in German American families) during t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bernhard V, Lord Of Lippe
Bernhard V, Lord of Lippe ( – before 1365) was a member of the House of Lippe and was Lord of Rheda from 1344 until his death. Life Bernard was the son of Lord Simon I and Adelaide of Waldeck. His eldest brother was also called Bernard V and was Prince-Bishop of Paderborn. After his father's death in 1344, the county was divided. Bernhard was given the area around Rheda and Lippstadt. His brother Otto was given the area around Lemgo Lemgo (; nds, Lemge, Lemje) is a small university town in the Lippe district of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is situated between the Teutoburg Forest and the Weser Uplands, 25 km east of Bielefeld and 70 km west of Hannover. T .... When Bernhard died around 1365, his widow initially gave his inheritance to Otto VI of Tecklenburg, the husband of her eldest daughter. In 1366, she revoked this gift and transferred the territory to her nephew Simon III. Otto VI, however, objected and started a feud which lasted sev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Herman II, Lord Of Lippe
Herman II, Lord of Lippe (1175 – 25 December 1229) was a ruling Lord of Lippe. Life Herman II was born in Lippe (now called Lippstadt), the eldest son of Lord Bernhard II and his wife, Heilwig, a daughter of Count Otto I Heilwig of Are-Hostaden. He was co-regent with his father, and succeeded him in 1196 as ruler of the House of Lippe. He was less belligerent than his father and brother, and often tried to act as intermediary when his neighbours had a dispute. In the dispute over the German throne in 1198, Herman supported the Guelph side. He switched sides to support Emperor Frederick II in 1214. In 1217 or 1218, Herman became administrator in Utrecht, representing his brother Otto II, who was Bishop of Utrecht. He promoted the cities and gained the post of Vogt of the Monasteries Clarholz and Herzebrock. His main opponent during this period was Engelbert II of Berg, who was Archbishop of Cologne. Earlier in his career, Herman had supported Engelbert. In 1227, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bernhard II, Lord Of Lippe
Bernard II (; 30 April 1224) was Lord of Lippe from 1167 until 1196. He founded the towns of Lippstadt and Lemgo. Marriage and children In 1167, Bernard married Heilwig (1150–1196), likely the daughter of Otto, Count of Are-Hochstaden. They had eleven children who survived into adulthood. Five sons: * Herman II (117525 Apr 1229) * Otto II († 28 Jul 1227); Bishop of Utrecht from 1215 * Bernard IV († 14 Apr 1247); Bishop of Paderborn from 1228 * Dietrich († 28 Jul 1227); killed at the Battle of Ane * Gerhard II (28 August 1258); Archbishop of Bremen from 1219 Six daughters: * Ethelind, Abess of Bassum from to * Gertrud II, Abbess of the Imperial Abbey at Herford from 1217 to 1239 * Kunigunde, Abbess of Freckenhorst Warendorf () is a ''Kreis'' (district) in the northern part of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Neighboring districts are Steinfurt, Osnabrück (district), Gütersloh, Soest, district-free city Hamm, Coesfeld and the district-free city Münster. ... fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Third Crusade
The Third Crusade (1189–1192) was an attempt by three European monarchs of Western Christianity (Philip II of France, Richard I of England and Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor) to reconquer the Holy Land following the capture of Jerusalem by the Ayyubid sultan Saladin in 1187. For this reason, the Third Crusade is also known as the Kings' Crusade. It was partially successful, recapturing the important cities of Acre and Jaffa, and reversing most of Saladin's conquests, but it failed to recapture Jerusalem, which was the major aim of the Crusade and its religious focus. After the failure of the Second Crusade of 1147–1149, the Zengid dynasty controlled a unified Syria and engaged in a conflict with the Fatimid rulers of Egypt. Saladin ultimately brought both the Egyptian and Syrian forces under his own control, and employed them to reduce the Crusader states and to recapture Jerusalem in 1187. Spurred by religious zeal, King Henry II of England and King Philip II of F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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