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Republican Action (Spain)
Republican Action ( es, Acción Republicana) was a Spanish left-wing republican party between 1930 and 1934. History The AR was founded in 1925 under the name ''Acción Política'' ("Political Action") by Manuel Azaña and José Giral. Political Action became a political party in 1930 under the name Republican Action. The party was anticlerical, and supported decentralization, agrarian reform and military reform. Avilés Farré, JuanLa izquierda burguesa y la tragedia de la II República.Consejería de Educación de la Comunidad de Madrid. pages 94-96. . As a member of the republican alliance, the AR was a signatory of the Pact of San Sebastián to overthrow the monarchy of Alfonso XIII and was later involved in the construction and consolidation of the Second Spanish Republic. It was a member of the provisional government which governed Spain after the King fled in April 1931. The party's left-wing faction, led by Marcelino Domingo split off from the party to form the Radical So ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manuel Azaña
Manuel Azaña Díaz (; 10 January 1880 – 3 November 1940) was a Spanish politician who served as Prime Minister of the Second Spanish Republic (1931–1933 and 1936), organizer of the Popular Front in 1935 and the last President of the Republic (1936–1939). He was the most prominent leader of the Republican cause during the Spanish Civil War of 1936–1939. A published author in the 1910s, he stood out in the pro-Allies camp during World War I. He was sharply critical towards the Generation of '98, the reimagination of the Spanish Middle Ages, Imperial Spain and the 20th century yearnings for a praetorian refurbishment of the country. Azaña followed instead the examples of the French Enlightenment and the Third French Republic, and took a political quest for democracy in the 1920s while defending the notion of homeland as the "democratic equality of all citizens towards the law" that made him embrace republicanism. After the Proclamation of the Second Spanish Republic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfonso XIII
Alfonso XIII (17 May 1886 – 28 February 1941), also known as El Africano or the African, was King of Spain from 17 May 1886 to 14 April 1931, when the Second Spanish Republic was proclaimed. He was a monarch from birth as his father, Alfonso XII, had died the previous year. Alfonso's mother, Maria Christina of Austria, served as regent until he assumed full powers on his sixteenth birthday in 1902. Alfonso XIII's upbringing and public image were closely linked to the military estate, often presenting himself as a soldier-king. His effective reign started four years after the so-called 1898 Disaster, with various social factions projecting their expectations of national regeneration upon him. Similarly to other European monarchs of his time, he played an important political role, entailing a highly controversial use of his constitutional executive powers. His wedding with Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg in 1906 was marked by a regicide attempt, from which he escaped unhar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Santos Juliá
Santos Juliá Díaz (16 September 1940 – 23 October 2019) was a Spanish historian and sociologist. Biography Born in Ferrol in 1940, he spent some of his first years in Vigo, moving soon to Seville, where he studied at the ''Instituto San Isidoro''. He took studies in Theology, but graduated in Sociology. He was a strong admirer of Manuel Azaña. Juliá joined the Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED) as lecturer in 1979, earning a PhD in Political Science and Sociology at the Complutense University of Madrid with a dissertation elaborated in the 1980s. Since 1980, Juliá wrote pieces as columnist for ''El País''. He obtained the Chair of Social History Social history, often called the new social history, is a field of history that looks at the lived experience of the past. In its "golden age" it was a major growth field in the 1960s and 1970s among scholars, and still is well represented in his ... and Political Thought at the UNED in 1989. He died ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
González Calleja, Eduardo
Gonzalez or González may refer to: People * González (surname) Places * González, Cesar, Colombia * González Municipality, Tamaulipas, Mexico * Gonzalez, Florida, United States * González Island, Antarctica * González Anchorage, Antarctica * Juan González, Adjuntas, Puerto Rico * Pedro González, Panama Other * Ernesto Gonzalez, cartoon character in ''Bordertown'' (American TV series) * Gonzalez (band), a British band, and their 1974 album * González Byass, a Spanish winery * USS ''Gonzalez'', a U.S. Navy destroyer See also * * * * * Gonçalves, Portuguese equivalent of Gonzalez * Gonsales, Portuguese variation of Gonzalez * Gonsalves, English language variation of Gonçalves * Gonzales (other) Gonzales may refer to: Places * Gonzales, California, U.S. * Gonzales, Louisiana, U.S. * Gonzales, Texas, U.S. * Gonzales County, Texas Other uses * Battle of Gonzales, 1835 * Gonzales (horse) (1977 – after 1996), an American-bred Thoroughbred r ... * Justice Go ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Independent Radical Socialist Republican Party
The Independent Radical Socialist Republican Party (PRRSI; es, Partido Republicano Radical Socialista Independiente) was a minor Spanish radical political party, created in 1929 after the split of the left-wing of the Radical Socialist Republican Party. Its main leaders were Marcelino Domingo, Álvaro de Albornoz and Ángel Galarza. History In 1933, the Radical Socialist Republican Party (PRRS), established in 1929 by a left-wing split from the Radical Republican Party (PRR) of Alejandro Lerroux, was suffering from internal divisions. The most leftist factions, led by Marcelino Domingo and Álvaro de Albornoz, were in favour of maintaining an alliance with the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE), whereas the most conservative groups, led by Félix Gordón Ordás, preferred to re-establish an alliance with Lerroux's PRR. On 24 September 1933, while the PRRS was undergoing its 3rd national congress, the leftists left the party and established the PRRSI: the split attracted t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Republican–Socialist Conjunction
The Republican–Socialist Conjunction ( es, Conjunción Republicano–Socialista, CRS) was a Spanish electoral coalition created in 1909 and lasting until 1919. It comprised different parties during its short lifespan, but it always included the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) and at least several Republican Republican can refer to: Political ideology * An advocate of a republic, a type of government that is not a monarchy or dictatorship, and is usually associated with the rule of law. ** Republicanism, the ideology in support of republics or agains ... members. It was disbanded in December 1919 after the PSOE left the alliance. Composition Electoral performance Restoration Cortes References 1893 establishments in Spain 1903 disestablishments in Spain Defunct political party alliances in Spain Political parties disestablished in 1903 Political parties established in 1893 Republican parties in Spain Restoration (Spain) Spanish Socialist Workers' Party [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Claudio Sánchez-Albornoz Y Menduiña
Claudio is an Italian and Spanish first name. In Portuguese it is accented Cláudio. In Catalan and Occitan it is Claudi, while in Romanian it is Claudiu. Origin and history Claudius was the name of an eminent Roman gens, the most important members of which were: * Claudius, Emperor Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus * Appius Claudius Sabinus Regillensis ( fl. 486 BC), founder of the family, originally a Sabine known as Attius Clausus. * Appius Claudius Crassus ( fl.450BC), public official, decemvir in 451 BC, appointed to codify the laws. * Appius Claudius Caecus ( fl.300BC), official orator, best known for the highway named after him, the Appian Way. Consul in 307 & 296. * Claudius Gothicus (210–270), officer in the Roman army and a provincial governor First name: Claudio Claudio became a popular first name due to the spread of Christianity during the Middle Ages. Claudio is also used in Spanish and in Portuguese, accented as Cláudio. Notable people with the na ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bourgeoisie
The bourgeoisie ( , ) is a social class, equivalent to the middle or upper middle class. They are distinguished from, and traditionally contrasted with, the proletariat by their affluence, and their great cultural and financial capital. They are sometimes divided into a petty (), middle (), large (), upper (), and ancient () bourgeoisie and collectively designated as "the bourgeoisie". The bourgeoisie in its original sense is intimately linked to the existence of cities, recognized as such by their urban charters (e.g., municipal charters, town privileges, German town law), so there was no bourgeoisie apart from the citizenry of the cities. Rural peasants came under a different legal system. In Marxist philosophy, the bourgeoisie is the social class that came to own the means of production during modern industrialization and whose societal concerns are the value of property and the preservation of capital to ensure the perpetuation of their economic supremacy in society. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liberalism
Liberalism is a political and moral philosophy based on the rights of the individual, liberty, consent of the governed, political equality and equality before the law."political rationalism, hostility to autocracy, cultural distaste for conservatism and for tradition in general, tolerance, and ... individualism". John Dunn. ''Western Political Theory in the Face of the Future'' (1993). Cambridge University Press. . Liberals espouse various views depending on their understanding of these principles. However, they generally support private property, market economies, individual rights (including civil rights and human rights), liberal democracy, secularism, rule of law, economic and political freedom, freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of assembly, and freedom of religion. Liberalism is frequently cited as the dominant ideology of modern times.Wolfe, p. 23.Adams, p. 11. Liberalism became a distinct movement in the Age of Enlightenment, gaining popularity ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Autonomous Galician Republican Organization
The Autonomous Galician Republican Organization ( gl, Organización Republicana Galega Autónoma, ORGA) was a Spanish left-wing republican and Galician nationalist party in Galicia. It was founded in October 1929 in A Coruña by Santiago Casares Quiroga and Antón Vilar Ponte with the participation of the ''Irmandades da Fala''. In March 1930, it organized the Galician Republican Federation with the support of the Radical Republican Party and the Radical Socialist Republican Party. Represented by Casares Quiroga, it was a signatory of the Pact of San Sebastián. The Radicals left the Galician Republican Federation following the proclamation of the Republic although the FRG continued to exist until 1932. The federation won 16 seats in the 1931 election. Santiago Casares Quiroga was a cabinet minister in republican governments between 1931 and 1933. In 1932, the Argentine section of ORGA led by Ramón Suárez Picallo participated in the foundation of the '' Partido Galeguista'' l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish General Election, 1933
Elections to Spain's legislature, the Cortes Generales, were held on 19 November 1933 for all 473 seats in the unicameral Cortes of the Second Spanish Republic. Since the previous elections of 1931, a new constitution had been ratified, and the franchise extended to more than six million women. The governing Republican-Socialist coalition had fallen apart, with the Radical Republican Party beginning to support a newly united political right. The right formed an electoral coalition, as was favoured by the new electoral system enacted earlier in the year. The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (''Partido Socialista Obrero Español'', or PSOE) won only 59 seats. The newly formed Catholic conservative Spanish Confederation of the Autonomous Right (''Confederación Española de Derechas Autónomas'' or CEDA) gained 115 seats and the Radicals 102. The right capitalised on disenchantment with the government among Catholics and other conservatives. CEDA campaigned on reversing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish General Election, 1931
The 1931 Spanish general election for the Constituent Cortes was the first such election held in the Second Republic. It took place in several rounds. Background General Primo de Rivera, who had run a military dictatorship in Spain since 1923, resigned as head of government in January 1930.Preston (2006). p. 36. There was little support for a return to the pre-1923 system, and the monarchy had lost credibility by backing the military government. Dámaso Berenguer was ordered by the king to form a replacement government, but his dictablanda dictatorship failed to provide a viable alternative.Preston (2006). p. 37. In the municipal elections of 12 April 1931, little support was shown for pro-monarchy parties in the major cities. King Alfonso XIII fled the country and the Second Spanish Republic was formed. The Second Republic was a source of hope to the poorest in Spanish society and a threat to the richest, but had broad support from all segments of society. Niceto Alcalá-Zamo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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