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Reich Ministry Of Science, Education And Culture
The Reich Ministry of Science, Education and Culture (german: , also unofficially known as the "Reich Education Ministry" (german: ), or "REM") existed from 1934 until 1945 under the leadership of Bernhard Rust and was responsible for unifying the education system of Nazi Germany and aligning it with the goals of Nazi leadership. Background The REM was the successor to the former ''Preußisches Ministerium für Wissenschaft, Kunst und Volksbildung'' (Prussian Ministry of Science, Art and Culture), creating for the first time in Germany a centralized and hierarchical institution in control of the Reich's education sector. In 1934, the REM took over from the ''Reichsinnenministerium'' (Reich Interior Ministry) the supervision of colleges and universities in Germany, as well as research institutions such as the ''Physikalisch-Technische Reichsanstalt'' (abbreviated PTR; translation: Reich Physical and Technical Institute.); today, the PTR is known as the ''Physikalisch-Technische ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Of Nazi Germany
The government of Nazi Germany was totalitarian, run by the Nazi Party in Germany according to the Führerprinzip through the dictatorship of Adolf Hitler. Nazi Germany began with the fact that the Enabling Act was enacted to give Hitler's government the power to make and enforce laws without the involvement of the Reichstag or president on 23 March 1933, and ended with the German surrender in World War II on 8 May 1945. As the successor to the government of the Weimar Republic, it inherited the government structure and institutions of the previous state. Although the Weimar Constitution technically remained in effect until Germany's surrender in 1945, there were no actual restraints on the exercise of state power. In addition to the already extant government of the Weimar Republic, the Nazi leadership created a large number of different organizations for the purpose of helping them govern and remain in power. They rearmed and strengthened the military, set up an extensive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rudolf Mentzel
Rudolf Mentzel PhD (28 April 1900 – 5 December 1987) was a German chemist and a National Socialist science policy-maker. An influential figure and one of the leading science administrators in Germany's nuclear energy project, Mentzel served as the scientific and technical adviser on the development of atomic bombs to the German government, and on some part, as the director of this program. Originally a National Socialist by political orientation, Mentzel served as one of the top leading science policy-makers to Adolf Hitler and his cabinet in his role as an undersecretary of the Reich Ministry of Education (REM) in the Office for Science. In the Kaiser Wilhelm Society, he was on the advisory board and, during World War II, Second Vice President of the Kaiser Wilhelm, supervising the clandestine research critical to develop the atomic bombs. During this period, his sphere of responsibility also momentarily grew and he soon was appointed as the president of the German Association ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministries Disestablished In 1945
Ministry may refer to: Government * Ministry (collective executive), the complete body of government ministers under the leadership of a prime minister * Ministry (government department), a department of a government Religion * Christian ministry, activity by Christians to spread or express their faith ** Minister (Christianity), clergy authorized by a church or religious organization to perform teaching or rituals ** Ordination, the process by which individuals become clergy * Ministry of Jesus, activities described in the Christian gospels * ''Ministry'' (magazine), a magazine for pastors published by the Seventh-day Adventist Church Music * Ministry (band), an American industrial metal band * Ministry of Sound, a London nightclub and record label Fiction * Ministry (comics), a horror comic book created by writer-artist Lara J. Phillips * Ministry of Magic, governing body in the ''Harry Potter'' series * Ministry of Darkness, a professional wrestling stable l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministries Established In 1934
Ministry may refer to: Government * Ministry (collective executive), the complete body of government ministers under the leadership of a prime minister * Ministry (government department), a department of a government Religion * Christian ministry, activity by Christians to spread or express their faith ** Minister (Christianity), clergy authorized by a church or religious organization to perform teaching or rituals ** Ordination, the process by which individuals become clergy * Ministry of Jesus, activities described in the Christian gospels * ''Ministry'' (magazine), a magazine for pastors published by the Seventh-day Adventist Church Music * Ministry (band), an American industrial metal band * Ministry of Sound, a London nightclub and record label Fiction * Ministry (comics), a horror comic book created by writer-artist Lara J. Phillips * Ministry of Magic, governing body in the ''Harry Potter'' series * Ministry of Darkness, a professional wrestling stable l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reich Ministries Of Nazi Germany
''Reich'' (; ) is a German noun whose meaning is analogous to the meaning of the English word " realm"; this is not to be confused with the German adjective "reich" which means "rich". The terms ' (literally the "realm of an emperor") and ' (literally the "realm of a king") are respectively used in German in reference to empires and kingdoms. The ''Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary'' indicates that in English usage, the term " the Reich" refers to "Germany during the period of Nazi control from 1933 to 1945". The term '' Deutsches Reich'' (sometimes translated to " German Empire") continued to be used even after the collapse of the German Empire and the abolition of the monarchy in 1918. There was no emperor, but many Germans had imperialistic ambitions. According to Richard J. Evans: The continued use of the term 'German Empire', ''Deutsches Reich,'' by the Weimar Republic ... conjured up an image among educated Germans that resonated far beyond the institutional st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Science And Technology In Nazi Germany
The position of science and technology in Nazi Germany was completely determined by party instructions and the political atmosphere established in the country. The state and party apparatuses, largely educated people from the lower classes of society, due to their inherent distrust and unfriendly attitude towards any knowledge, in principle did not contribute to the progress of science. On May 1, 1934, the Bernhard Rust (''Rust, Reichs- und preußischen Minister für Wissenschaft, Erziehung und Volksbildung'') was appointed Minister of Science, Education and Culture, who was charged with the responsibility of leading science in the spirit of party ideology and preparing for war. Encouraged, mainly, any science that gives an obvious result. The significance of fundamental science was not understood by the leaders of Nazi Germany. After the capture of the northern regions of France, Hitler, who considered his immediate political tasks (see Mein Kampf) completed, gave instructions ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Education In Nazi Germany
This article discusses universities in Nazi Germany. In May 1933 books from university libraries which were deemed culturally destructive, mainly due to anti-National Socialist or Jewish themes or authors, were burned by the Deutsche Studentenschaft (German Student Union) in town squares, e.g. in Berlin, and the curricula were subsequently modified. Martin Heidegger became the rector (and later head) of Freiburg University, where he delivered a number of National Socialist speeches and for example promulgated the ''Führerprinzip'' at the University on August 21, 1933. Well-known expelled professors *Albert Einstein *Max Born *Fritz Haber *Otto Fritz Meyerhof *Theodor W. Adorno *Martin Buber *Ernst Bloch *Max Horkheimer *Ernst Cassirer *Herbert Marcuse * Louis Hamilton, 1879-1948 (not Louis Kemppel Hamilton, 1890–1957) Austrian universities The University of Vienna participated in National Socialism. Eduard Pernkopf (rector 1943–1945) compiled a "Topographical Anatomy of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political History Of Germany
The Germani tribes i.e. Germanic tribes are now considered to be related to the Jastorf culture before expanding and interacting with the other peoples. The concept of a region for Germanic tribes is traced to time of Julius Caesar, a Roman general and statesman who first referred to the unconquered area east of Rhine river as Germania and the tribes living there as Germani. In 9, the victory of Germanic tribes in the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest prevented annexation of Germania by the Roman Empire. Following the fall of Rome made by the Germanic tribes in 476 with their invasions in the context of the Migration Period and the founding of their own kingdoms; the Franks, a West Germanic tribe, later conquered the other West Germanic tribes and established the Frankish Empire. When the Frankish Empire was divided among Charles the Great's heirs in 843, the eastern part became East Francia; which marked the final ending of Germanic period. In 962; king Otto I of East Francia bec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bundesarchiv Bild 183-C02454, Rudolf Mentzel
, type = Archive , seal = , seal_size = , seal_caption = , seal_alt = , logo = Bundesarchiv-Logo.svg , logo_size = , logo_caption = , logo_alt = , image = Bundesarchiv Koblenz.jpg , image_caption = The Federal Archives in Koblenz , image_alt = , formed = , preceding1 = , preceding2 = , dissolved = , superseding1 = , superseding2 = , agency_type = , jurisdiction = , status = Active , headquarters = PotsdamerStraße156075Koblenz , coordinates = , motto = , employees = , budget = million () , chief1_name = Michael Hollmann , chief1_position = President of the Federal Archives , chief2_name = Dr. Andrea Hänger , chief2_position ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bernhard Rust
Bernhard Rust (30 September 1883 – 8 May 1945) was Minister of Science, Education and National Culture ( Reichserziehungsminister) in Nazi Germany.Claudia Koonz, ''The Nazi Conscience'', p 134 A combination of school administrator and zealous Nazi, he issued decrees, often bizarre, at every level of the German educational system to immerse German youth in Nazi ideology. He also served as the party '' Gauleiter'' in Hanover and Brunswick from 1925 to 1940. Early life Rust was born in Hanover and obtained a doctorate in German philology and philosophy. After passing the state teaching examination with the grade "''gut''" (i.e. "good") in 1908, he became a high school teacher at Hanover's Ratsgymnasium, then served in the army during World War I. He reached the rank of '' Oberleutnant'', served as a company commander and was awarded the Iron Cross first and second class for bravery. He was wounded in action and sustained a severe head injury, which caused serious mental and p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theodor Vahlen
Karl Theodor Vahlen (30 June 1869 – 16 November 1945) was an Austrian-born mathematician and professor who was a member of the Nazi Party. He served as the first ''Gauleiter'' of Pomerania and was a member of both the SA and SS. Early years Theodore Vahlen was born in Vienna, the son of a German classical philologist Johannes Vahlen (1830–1911). He went to ''volksschule'' and gymnasium in Berlin before studying mathematics at the University of Berlin and receiving his doctorate there in 1893. From 1893, Vahlen was a ''Privatdozent'' in mathematics at the Königsberg Albertina University. In 1904, he began teaching at the University of Greifswald, and in 1911 he became an ordinarius professor there. He entered military service at the beginning of World War I with the rank of ''Hauptmann'' in the 68th (6th Royal Saxon) Field Artillery Regiment. He was an artillery battery commander on the western front (1914-1915) and the eastern front (1916-1917). Wounded in action o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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