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Refik Saydam
İbrahim Refik Saydam (8 September 1881 – 8 July 1942) was a Turkish physician, politician and the fourth Prime Minister of Turkey, serving from 25 January 1939 until his death on 8 July 1942. All about Turkey Biography Saydam was born in in 1881 as the son of Hacı Ahmet Efendi of . After completing primary and secondary education in Fatih Military Junior High School, he entered to Military School of Medicine in 1899. He went on a training course at Gülhane as of graduating with the rank of doctor captain on 4 ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of The Interior (Turkey)
The Ministry of Interior or Ministry of the Interior or Interior Ministry ( tr, İçişleri Bakanlığı lit. Ministry of Internal Affairs) is a government ministry of the Republic of Turkey, responsible for interior security affairs in Turkey. The current Minister of the Interior is Süleyman Soylu, after the resignation of his predecessor Efkan Ala in August 2016. Functions The ministry is responsible for disaster and emergency management, immigration, inspection of local government, gendarmerie and coast guard (in peacetime), and police. The ministry helps to combat human trafficking, smuggling and bootleg alcohol. Alleged interference in politics Although forming a new political party is a constitutional right, the Interior Ministry allegedly blocked the Green Party from standing in the general election due by June 2023. Ministers of the Internal Affairs See also * Ministry of the Interior (Ottoman Empire) References External links * *https://twitte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fevzi Çakmak
Mustafa Fevzi Çakmak (12 January 1876 – 10 April 1950) was a Turkish field marshal ('' Mareşal'') and politician. He served as the Chief of General Staff from 1918 and 1919 and later the Minister of War of the Ottoman Empire in 1920. He later joined the provisional Government of the Grand National Assembly and became the Deputy Prime Minister, Minister of National Defense and later as the Prime Minister of Turkey from 1921 to 1922. He was the second Chief of the General Staff of the provisional Ankara Government and the first Chief of the General Staff of the Republic of Turkey. Graduating from the War College as a Staff Captain and assigned to the 4th Department of the General Staff, Mustafa Fevzi participated in numerous battles during the prolonged downfall of the Ottoman Empire, such as the First Balkan War and the Battle of Monastir. He was engaged as the Commander of the V Corps throughout the defence of Gallipoli, during which his younger brother was killed in the B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turkish People
The Turkish people, or simply the Turks ( tr, Türkler), are the world's largest Turkic ethnic group; they speak various dialects of the Turkish language and form a majority in Turkey and Northern Cyprus. In addition, centuries-old ethnic Turkish communities still live across other former territories of the Ottoman Empire. Article 66 of the Turkish Constitution defines a "Turk" as: "Anyone who is bound to the Turkish state through the bond of citizenship." While the legal use of the term "Turkish" as it pertains to a citizen of Turkey is different from the term's ethnic definition, the majority of the Turkish population (an estimated 70 to 75 percent) are of Turkish ethnicity. The vast majority of Turks are Muslims and follow the Sunni and Alevi faith. The ethnic Turks can therefore be distinguished by a number of cultural and regional variants, but do not function as separate ethnic groups. In particular, the culture of the Anatolian Turks in Asia Minor has underlied and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1939 Turkish General Election
General elections were held in Turkey on 26 March 1939.Myron E. Weiner, Ergun Özbudun (1987) ''Competitive Elections in Developing Countries'', Duke University Press, p337 The Republican People's Party was the only party in the country at the time. Voter turnout was reported to be 77.8%.Weiner & Özbudun, p340 Electoral system The elections were held under the Ottoman electoral law passed in 1908, which provided for a two-stage process. In the first stage, voters elected secondary electors (one for the first 750 voters in a constituency, then one for every additional 500 voters). In the second stage the secondary electors elected the members of the Turkish Grand National Assembly.Weiner & Özbudun, p334 References {{Turkish elections, state=expanded Turkey Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1935 Turkish General Election
General elections were held in Turkey on 8 February 1935.Myron E. Weiner, Ergun Özbudun (1987) ''Competitive Elections in Developing Countries'', Duke University Press, p337 The Republican People's Party was the only party in the country at the time. Electoral system The elections were held under the Ottoman electoral law passed in 1908, which provided for a two-stage process. In the first stage, voters elected secondary electors (one for the first 750 voters in a constituency, then one for every additional 500 voters). In the second stage the secondary electors elected the members of the Turkish Grand National Assembly.Weiner & Özbudun, p334 Following a change in the law in 1934, women were granted the right to vote and run for election, and the age of voting was raised from 18 to 22. See also * Women in Turkish politics Women in Turkey have an active participation in national politics, and the number of women in the Turkish parliament has been increasing steadil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1931 Turkish General Election
General elections were held in Turkey in 1931.Myron E. Weiner, Ergun Özbudun (1987) ''Competitive Elections in Developing Countries'', Duke University Press, p337 The Republican People's Party was the only party in the country at the time, as the Liberal Republican Party that had been set up the previous year had already been dissolved. Voter turnout was reported to be 88%.Weiner & Özbudun, p340 Background Candidates were nominated by the Council of the Presidency of the CHP. Unlike in previous elections, candidates were sought from across the country and a total of 1,176 nominations for the 287 candidates. Electoral system The elections were held under the Ottoman electoral law passed in 1908, which provided for a two-stage process. In the first stage, voters elected secondary electors (one for the first 750 voters in a constituency, then one for every additional 500 voters). In the second stage the secondary electors elected the members of the Turkish Grand National Assembl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1927 Turkish General Election
General elections were held in Turkey in 1927.Myron E. Weiner, Ergun Özbudun (1987) ''Competitive Elections in Developing Countries'', Duke University Press, p337 The Republican People's Party ("Association for the Defense of the Rights of Anatolia and Rumelia" until 9 September 1923) was the only party in the country at the time, as the Progressive Republican Party that had been set up in 1924 was dissolved the following year. Electoral system The elections were held under the Ottoman electoral law passed in 1908, which provided for a two-stage process. In the first stage, voters elected secondary electors (one for the first 750 voters in a constituency, then one for every additional 500 voters). In the second stage the secondary electors elected the members of the Turkish Grand National Assembly.Weiner & Özbudun, p334 References {{Turkish elections, state=expanded 1927 Events January * January 1 – The British Broadcasting ''Company'' becomes the British ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1923 Turkish General Election
General elections were held in Turkey in 1923.Myron E. Weiner, Ergun Özbudun (1987) ''Competitive Elections in Developing Countries'', Duke University Press, p337 The Association for Defence of National Rights (later Republican People's Party) was the only party in the country at the time. Electoral system The elections were held under the Ottoman electoral law passed in 1908, which provided for a two-stage process. In the first stage, voters elected secondary electors (one for the first 750 voters in a constituency, then one for every additional 500 voters). In the second stage the secondary electors elected the members of the Turkish Grand National Assembly. However, a second law was passed on 3 April 1923 lowering the voting age to 18 and abolishing the tax-paying requirement.Weiner & Özbudun, p334 References {{Turkish elections, state=expanded General elections in Turkey General A general officer is an Officer (armed forces), officer of highest military ranks, hig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Istanbul (electoral District)
Istanbul is a Turkish province divided into three electoral districts of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey. It elects ninety-eight members of parliament (deputies) to represent the province of the same name for a five-year term by the D'Hondt method, a party-list proportional representation system. The first district is situated on the Anatolian side of İstanbul on the east of the Bosphorus. The second and third electoral district are both on the European side, with the third situated to the west of the second. The first and third districts, electing 35 MPs, are the largest electoral districts of Turkey in terms of members elected. Members Population reviews of each electoral district are conducted before each general election, which can lead to certain districts being granted a smaller or greater number of parliamentary seats. Istanbul has the largest number of allocated seats and also the largest number of electoral districts within its provincial boundaries. The prov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Esat Sagay
Esat Sagay (1874 – 22 May 1938) was an Ottoman-born Turkish military officer, educator, politician and former government minister. Life He was born in Karaferye, a town close to Thessaloniki, Greece, then a part of the Ottoman Empire, in 1874. He graduated from the military academy in 1894. Following a service term in Syria, then a part of the Ottoman Empire, he returned to İstanbul as a teacher in the military academy. Mustafa Kemal (later Atatürk), who would be the founder of Turkish Republic, was among his students. During World War I, he fought in the Gallipoli Campaign. In 1919, while in the rank of a colonel, he retired from the military service, and returned to civilian life. He died on 22 May 1938. Political life He joined the Republican People's Party and in 1927, was elected into the parliament as a deputy of Bursa Province Bursa Province ( tr, ) is a province in Turkey along the Sea of Marmara coast in northwestern Anatolia. It borders Balıkesir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cemal Hüsnü Taray
Cemal is the Turkish spelling of the Arabic masculine given name Jamal (Arabic: جَمَال jamāl) which means "beauty, charm". People named Cemal include: First name * Cemal Erçman (1896–?), Turkish weightlifter * Cemal Nalga (born 1987), Turkish basketball player * Cemal Oğuz, Turkish judoka * Cemal Pasha (1872–1922), Ottoman military leader * Cemal Süreya (1931–1990), Turkish writer * Cemal Yıldırım (1925–2009), Turkish philosopher Middle name * Ahmed Cemal Eringen (1921–2009), Turkish- American engineering scientist * Feridun Cemal Erkin (1899–1980), Turkish diplomat and politician * Ulvi Cemal Erkin Ulvi Cemal Erkin () (March 14, 1906 – September 15, 1972) was a member of the pioneer group of symphonic composers in Turkey, born in the period 1904–1910, who later came to be called The Turkish Five. These composers set out the direction of ... (1906–1972), Turkish composer {{given name Turkish masculine given names ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yusuf Hikmet Bayur
Hikmet Bayur (also known as Yusuf Hikmet Bayur, 1891–1980) was a Turkish politician. He was born in Istanbul (then known as Constantinople by the Western World). He was the grandson of Kâmil Pasha, one of the Grand Viziers of the Ottoman Empire. Early life He graduated from Galatasaray High School in 1908 and from the Faculty of Science of Paris University (Sorbonne) in 1912. After some years in Paris he returned home to teacher at Galatasaray High School in 1912, remaining there until 1920. Career War During the Turkish War of Independence, he joined the Turkish National Movement and fought on the Salihli front. Postwar he was appointed as the director of political affairs. At the end of the war, he was appointed as an adviser to the Turkish delegation to Conference of Lausanne. Republic Turkey was proclaimed as the Turkish Republic on October 29, 1923. Bayur was appointed to various embassies and consulatesLondon (1923–1925), Belgrade (1925–1927) and Kabul (1928)before ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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