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Recumbirostra
Recumbirostra is a clade of tetrapods which lived during the Carboniferous and Permian periods. They are thought to have had a fossorial (burrowing) lifestyle and the group includes both short-bodied and long-bodied snake-like forms. At least one species, the molgophid ''Nagini mazonense,'' lost its forelimbs entirely. It includes the families Pantylidae, Gymnarthridae, Ostodolepidae, Rhynchonkidae and Brachystelechidae, with additional families such as Microbrachidae and Molgophidae being included by some authors. Recumbirostra was erected as a clade in 2007 to include many of the taxa traditionally grouped in "Microsauria", which has since been shown to be a paraphyletic or polyphyletic grouping. Like other "microsaurs", the recumbirostrans have traditionally been considered to be members of the subclass Lepospondyli; however, many phylogenetic analyses conducted since the 2010s have recovered recumbirostrans as basal sauropsid amniotes instead. Not all phylogenetic analyses rec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Altenglanerpeton
''Altenglanerpeton'' is an extinct genus of microsaur amphibian from the Late Carboniferous or Early Permian of Germany. ''Altenglanerpeton'' was named in 2012 after the Altenglan Formation in which it was found. The type species, type and only species is ''A. schroederi''. Description ''Altenglanerpeton'' is known from a single partial skeleton from an outcrop of the Altenglan Formation, which is part of the Saar–Nahe Basin. The Altenglan Formation dates back to the Carboniferous-Permian transition, about 299 million years ago. The skeleton was discovered sometime in the 1870s in the village of Dickenschied#Werschweiler, Werschweiler, and was first described by German paleontologist Eckart Schröder in 1939. Schröder tentatively assigned the specimen to the microsaur ''Microbrachis'', although its classification as a microsaur was questioned in later years. The holotype skeleton includes a crushed skull preserved in dorsal or top view, and a straight length of vertebrae and a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sauropsida
Sauropsida ("lizard faces") is a clade of amniotes, broadly equivalent to the class Reptilia. Sauropsida is the sister taxon to Synapsida, the other clade of amniotes which includes mammals as its only modern representatives. Although early synapsids have historically been referred to as "mammal-like reptiles", all synapsids are more closely related to mammals than to any modern reptile. Sauropsids, on the other hand, include all amniotes more closely related to modern reptiles than to mammals. This includes Aves (birds), which are now recognized as a subgroup of archosaurian reptiles despite originally being named as a separate class in Linnaean taxonomy. The base of Sauropsida forks into two main groups of "reptiles": Eureptilia ("true reptiles") and Parareptilia ("next to reptiles"). Eureptilia encompasses all living reptiles (including birds), as well as various extinct groups. Parareptilia is typically considered to be an entirely extinct group, though a few hypotheses for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lepospondyli
Lepospondyli is a diverse taxon of early tetrapods. With the exception of one late-surviving lepospondyl from the Late Permian of Morocco (''Diplocaulus minumus''), lepospondyls lived from the Early Carboniferous ( Mississippian) to the Early Permian and were geographically restricted to what is now Europe and North America. Five major groups of lepospondyls are known: Adelospondyli; Aïstopoda; Lysorophia; Microsauria; and Nectridea. Lepospondyls have a diverse range of body forms and include species with newt-like, eel- or snake-like, and lizard-like forms. Various species were aquatic, semiaquatic, or terrestrial. None were large (the biggest genus, the diplocaulid ''Diplocaulus'', reached a meter in length, but most were much smaller), and they are assumed to have lived in specialized ecological niches not taken by the more numerous temnospondyl amphibians that coexisted with them in the Paleozoic. Lepospondyli was named in 1888 by Karl Alfred von Zittel, who coined the name t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhynchonkidae
''Rhynchonkos'' is an extinct genus of microsaur. It is the only known member of the family Rhynchonkidae. Originally known as ''Goniorhynchus'', it was renamed in 1981 because the name had already been given to another genus; the family, likewise, was originally named Goniorhynchidae but renamed in 1988. The type and only known species is ''R. stovalli'', found from the Early Permian Fairmont Shale in Cleveland County, Oklahoma. ''Rhynchonkos'' shares many similarities with ''Eocaecilia'', an early caecilian from the Early Jurassic of Arizona. Similarities between ''Rhynchonkos'' and ''Eocaecilia'' have been taken as evidence that caecilians are descendants of microsaurs. However, such a relationship is no longer widely accepted. Description ''Rhynchonkos'' has an elongated body with at least 37 presacral vertebrae. Most vertebrae have ribs. Unlike other microsaurs, the atlas of ''Rhynchonkos'' lacks ribs. Both ''Rhynchonkos'' and ''Euryodus'' have atlases that bear a strong r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhynchonkos
''Rhynchonkos'' is an extinct genus of microsaur. It is the only known member of the family Rhynchonkidae. Originally known as ''Goniorhynchus'', it was renamed in 1981 because the name had already been given to another genus; the family, likewise, was originally named Goniorhynchidae but renamed in 1988. The type and only known species is ''R. stovalli'', found from the Early Permian Fairmont Shale in Cleveland County, Oklahoma. ''Rhynchonkos'' shares many similarities with ''Eocaecilia'', an early caecilian from the Early Jurassic of Arizona. Similarities between ''Rhynchonkos'' and ''Eocaecilia'' have been taken as evidence that caecilians are descendants of microsaurs. However, such a relationship is no longer widely accepted. Description ''Rhynchonkos'' has an elongated body with at least 37 presacral vertebrae. Most vertebrae have ribs. Unlike other microsaurs, the atlas of ''Rhynchonkos'' lacks ribs. Both ''Rhynchonkos'' and ''Euryodus'' have atlases that bear a stron ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhynchonkidae
''Rhynchonkos'' is an extinct genus of microsaur. It is the only known member of the family Rhynchonkidae. Originally known as ''Goniorhynchus'', it was renamed in 1981 because the name had already been given to another genus; the family, likewise, was originally named Goniorhynchidae but renamed in 1988. The type and only known species is ''R. stovalli'', found from the Early Permian Fairmont Shale in Cleveland County, Oklahoma. ''Rhynchonkos'' shares many similarities with ''Eocaecilia'', an early caecilian from the Early Jurassic of Arizona. Similarities between ''Rhynchonkos'' and ''Eocaecilia'' have been taken as evidence that caecilians are descendants of microsaurs. However, such a relationship is no longer widely accepted. Description ''Rhynchonkos'' has an elongated body with at least 37 presacral vertebrae. Most vertebrae have ribs. Unlike other microsaurs, the atlas of ''Rhynchonkos'' lacks ribs. Both ''Rhynchonkos'' and ''Euryodus'' have atlases that bear a strong r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aletrimyti
''Aletrimyti'' is an extinct genus of recumbirostran lepospondyl from the Early Permian of Oklahoma. De type species In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen ... ''Aletrimyti gaskillae'' was named in 2015 by Matt Szostakiwskyj, Jason D. Pardo and Jason S. Anderson. References Cisuralian amphibians of North America Fossil taxa described in 2015 Recumbirostrans Paleontology in Oklahoma {{Lepospondyli-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dvellecanus
''Dvellecanus'' is an extinct genus of recumbirostran lepospondyl from the Early Permian of Oklahoma. The only species is ''Dvellecanus carrolli'', which was named in 2015 on the basis of a skull that was originally attributed to the closely related recumbirostran '' Rhynchonkos stovalli'' (it was named alongside another new recumbirostran, '' Aletrimyti gaskillae'', that was also once classified as ''R. stovalli''). ''Dvellecanus'', ''Rhynchonkos'', and ''Aletrimyti'' all come from the Fairmont Shale near the city of Norman in Cleveland County which is within the Anadarko Basin. The name ''Dvellecanus'' is based on an anagram of Cleveland, "dvellecan." ''D. carrolli'' has a skull morphology very similar to ''R. stovalli'' and ''A. gaskillae'': it has a short, pointed snout, large eye sockets, and a sturdy braincase. All of these features are indicative of a fossorial A fossorial () animal is one adapted to digging which lives primarily, but not solely, underground. Some examp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joermungandr Bolti
''Joermungandr'' is an extinct genus of recumbirostran tetrapod from the Late Carboniferous Mazon Creek fossil beds of Illinois. It currently contains a single species, ''Joermungandr bolti.'' Like many other recumbirostrans, the body is elongated, which is likely an adaptation for fossorial A fossorial () animal is one adapted to digging which lives primarily, but not solely, underground. Some examples are badgers, naked mole-rats, clams, meerkats, and mole salamanders, as well as many beetles, wasps, and bees. Prehistoric eviden ...ity (digging and living underground). References Recumbirostrans Fossil taxa described in 2021 {{Lepospondyli-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ostodolepidae
Ostodolepidae, also spelled Ostodolepididae, is an extinct family of Early Permian microsaurs. They are unique among microsaurs in that they were large, reaching lengths of up to , terrestrial, and presumably fossorial. Ostodolepid remains have been found from Early Permian beds in Texas, Oklahoma, and Germany. Ostodolepids have elongated trunks, with small, robust limbs and shortened tails. The occiput is high, but the skull narrows toward the snout. The snout is pointed and projects past the jaw. In dorsal view, the skull is roughly triangular. The ventral temporal margin is emarginated. At the back of the skull, there is a large cavity between the supraoccipital and the skull roof. The skull is well ossified, with tight sutures between bones. The skull roof is relatively smooth, although scattered pits and grooves are usually present. There are 32 to 45 presacral vertebrae, and three sacral Sacral may refer to: *Sacred, associated with divinity and considered worthy of spiri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Molgophidae
Lysorophia is an order of fossorial Carboniferous and Permian tetrapods within the Recumbirostra. Lysorophians resembled small snakes, as their bodies are extremely elongate. There is a single family, the Molgophidae (previously known as Lysorophidae). Currently there are around five genera included within Lysorophia, although many may not be valid. Description The skull is heavily built but with large lateral openings to accommodate jaw musculature, with small orbits restricted to the anterior edge of the large fenestrae. The intertemporal, supratemporal, postfrontal, and jugal bones of the skull have disappeared. The mandibles are short and robust with a small number of large triangular teeth. Although it was initially thought that the maxilla and premaxilla were freely movable, detailed anatomical studies show that this is not the case. The braincase is extremely robust, suggesting that lysorophians engaged in headfirst burrowing. The torso is very elongate, the limbs di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lysorophia
Lysorophia is an order of fossorial Carboniferous and Permian tetrapods within the Recumbirostra. Lysorophians resembled small snakes, as their bodies are extremely elongate. There is a single family, the Molgophidae (previously known as Lysorophidae). Currently there are around five genera included within Lysorophia, although many may not be valid. Description The skull is heavily built but with large lateral openings to accommodate jaw musculature, with small orbits restricted to the anterior edge of the large fenestrae. The intertemporal, supratemporal, postfrontal, and jugal bones of the skull have disappeared. The mandibles are short and robust with a small number of large triangular teeth. Although it was initially thought that the maxilla and premaxilla were freely movable, detailed anatomical studies show that this is not the case. The braincase is extremely robust, suggesting that lysorophians engaged in headfirst burrowing. The torso is very elongate, the limbs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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