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Rayton-Fissore Magnum
The Rayton-Fissore Magnum is an Italian-designed and built luxury off-roader, in small scale production between 1985 and 1998. The American V8-powered versions were marketed as Laforza and were built from 1989 until 2003. The Magnum began life intended for military and police use, but the Tom Tjaarda designed car, fitted with a sumptuous Italian leather interior in the spirit of the Maserati Biturbo and a range of 4-, 6-, and 8-cylinder engines was marketed as a "luxury 4x4." It was intended as a competitor for the Range Rover and designed to meet those needs the Range Rover left unfulfilled at the time, such as a more luxurious interior and more fuel-efficient smaller engines - including turbodiesels. Better fuel efficiency was essential to European market conditions. The vehicle was refreshed in 1998 with a facelifted design to include more modern amenities, but still used the same basic body and drivetrain. Rayton-Fissore The origin of the Laforza is the Rayton-Fissore Magnu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Estonia In The Eurovision Song Contest 2018
Estonia participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 2018 with the song "La forza" written by Mihkel Mattisen, Timo Vendt, Ksenia Kuchukova and Elina Nechayeva. The song was performed by Elina Nechayeva. The Estonian broadcaster Eesti Rahvusringhääling (ERR) organised the national final ''Eesti Laul 2018'' in order to select the Estonian entry for the 2018 contest in Lisbon, Portugal. The national final consisted of three shows: two semi-finals and a final. Ten songs competed in each semi-final and five from each semi-final as determined by a jury panel and public vote qualified to the final. In the final, the winner was selected over two rounds of voting. In the first round, a jury panel and a public vote selected the top three to qualify to the superfinal. In the superfinal, "La forza" performed by Elina Nechayeva was selected as the winner entirely by a public vote. Estonia was drawn to compete in the first semi-final of the Eurovision Song Contest which took place on 8 May 20 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
V8 Engine
A V8 engine is an eight-cylinder piston engine in which two banks of four cylinders share a common crankshaft and are arranged in a V configuration. The first V8 engine was produced by the French Antoinette company in 1904, developed and used in cars and speedboats but primarily aircraft; while the American 1914–1935 ''Cadillac L-Head'' engine is considered the first road going V8 engine to be mass produced in significant quantities. The popularity of V8 engines in cars was greatly increased following the 1932 introduction of the ''Ford Flathead V8''. In the early 21st century, use of V8 engines in passenger vehicles declined as automobile manufacturers opted for more fuel efficient, lower capacity engines, or hybrid and electric drivetrains. Design V-angle The majority of V8 engines use a V-angle (the angle between the two banks of cylinders) of 90 degrees. This angle results in good engine balance, which results in low vibrations; however, the downside is a larg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rayton Fissore Magnum 4x4 2
Rayton is a town in North-Eastern Gauteng which started out as a tin shack mining town on the farm Elandshoek. During its boom days the town served the needs of thousands of diggers and prospectors working for the Schiller, Montrose and Dunmore mining companies. A mini diamond rush sparked by Sir Thomas Cullinan's discovery of a kimberlite diamond pipe (which has since been named Cullinan Diamond Mine) nearby is what caused the town to boom. History The original Rayton Junction was laid out along a spur of the main NZASM railway line, which was completed in 1895 to connect the Republic of Transvaal's capital, Pretoria to the port in Delagoa Bay, Mozambique. Officials in the "Montrose Diamond Mining Company" did the town planning and named the hamlet after Lady Rachel Ray Williston, wife of the company's first manager, Colonel Balliston. The town's first—and at the time the only—brick building was the original magistrate's office, which dates from this early time. During the S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iveco Daily
The Iveco Daily is a large light commercial vehicle, light commercial van produced by the Italy, Italian automaker Iveco since 1978; it was also sold as the Fiat Daily by Fiat Automobiles, Fiat until 1983. Unlike the more car-like unibody Fiat Ducato, the Daily uses a separate ladder Frame (vehicle), frame typical of heavier commercial vehicles. The Iveco Daily is produced at the Iveco Suzzara plant, near Mantova in Italy, where Iveco has recently made substantial investments to renew the production lines. The Daily is also the longest-running vehicle of the Iveco production and in over 40 years have sold over three million units. Today it is marketed in 110 markets around the world. First generation (1978) Fiat Daily (1978) In 1978, Fiat presented a revolutionary vehicle called Daily. Light utility, succeeding the old Fiat 242 and :it:Fiat 616, Fiat 616N, it immediately received a very favorable reception from users, who appreciated its excellent qualities of robustness and ve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iveco Turbodaily
The Iveco Daily is a large light commercial van produced by the Italian automaker Iveco since 1978; it was also sold as the Fiat Daily by Fiat until 1983. Unlike the more car-like unibody Fiat Ducato, the Daily uses a separate ladder frame typical of heavier commercial vehicles. The Iveco Daily is produced at the Iveco Suzzara plant, near Mantova in Italy, where Iveco has recently made substantial investments to renew the production lines. The Daily is also the longest-running vehicle of the Iveco production and in over 40 years have sold over three million units. Today it is marketed in 110 markets around the world. First generation (1978) Fiat Daily (1978) In 1978, Fiat presented a revolutionary vehicle called Daily. Light utility, succeeding the old Fiat 242 and Fiat 616N, it immediately received a very favorable reception from users, who appreciated its excellent qualities of robustness and versatility. Its transformations for specific uses are numerous: panel van, chass ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iveco VM 90
The Iveco VM 90 is an Italian multirole military vehicle. It is a hybrid, somewhere between a truck and tactical SUV, manufactured by Iveco, on the base of the Iveco Daily. From this version was subsequently also derived the 40.10WM civilian version, designed for law enforcement and civil protection. It is in service in the Italian Army in three versions: * VM 90T Torpedo, a tactical vehicle with a tarpaulin covered rear. * VM 90P Protetto (Protected), fitted with a fully armored body. * Ambulanza VM 90 (Ambulance VM 90), fitted with an ambulance body. The Torpedo version is also supplied with ground forces of the Italian Navy and the Italian Air Force. The VM 90 is powered by a diesel engine. Versions Torpedo The Torpedo version is the basic version, with rear tilt and capable of carrying 10 men, besides the driver. This version is suitable for transportation tactical troop, but does not have an armor, among other uses, there is the possibility of pulling small artillery p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iveco
IVECO, an acronym for Industrial Vehicles Corporation, is an Italian multinational transport vehicle manufacturing company. It designs and builds light, medium, and heavy commercial vehicles. The name IVECO first appeared in 1975 after a merger of Italian, French, and German brands. Its production plants are in Europe, China, Russia, Australia and Latin America and it has about 5,000 sales and service outlets in over 160 countries. The worldwide output of the company amounts to around 150,000 commercial vehicles with a turnover of about 10 billion. The company was spun-off from CNH Industrial on 1 January 2022. It is subsidiary of Iveco Group N.V., a holding company incorporated in Amsterdam, Netherlands, and is listed on Borsa Italiana. History IVECO was incorporated on 1 January 1975, with the merger of five different brands: FIAT Veicoli Industriali (with headquarters in Turin), OM (Brescia, Italy), Lancia Veicoli Speciali (Italy), Unic (France), and Magirus-Deutz (Germany ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Range Rover
Range may refer to: Geography * Range (geographic), a chain of hills or mountains; a somewhat linear, complex mountainous or hilly area (cordillera, sierra) ** Mountain range, a group of mountains bordered by lowlands * Range, a term used to identify a survey township in the US * Rangeland, deserts, grasslands, shrublands, wetlands, and woodlands that are grazed by domestic livestock or wild animals Mathematics * Range of a function, a set containing the output values produced by a function * Range (statistics), the difference between the highest and the lowest values in a set * Interval (mathematics), also called ''range'', a set of real numbers that includes all numbers between any two numbers in the set * Column space, also called the ''range'' of a matrix, is the set of all possible linear combinations of the column vectors of the matrix * Projective range, a line or a conic in projective geometry * Range of a quantifier, in logic Music * Range (music), the distance ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maserati Biturbo
The Maserati Biturbo is a family of executive grand tourers produced by Italian automobile manufacturer Maserati between 1981 and 1994. The original Biturbo was a two-door, four-seater notchback coupé (of somewhat smaller dimensions than the BMW 3 Series of the time) featuring, as the name implies, a two-litre V6 engine with two turbochargers and a luxurious interior. The car was designed by Pierangelo Andreani, Chief of Centro Stile Maserati up to 1981, somewhat influenced by the design of the then recent Quattroporte III (penned by Italdesign Giugiaro). All Maserati models introduced from the Biturbo's inception in 1981 until 1997 were based on the original Biturbo architecture, including the later grand tourers like the Shamal and Ghibli II. The Barchetta, while of a different layout entirely, used an ultimate version of the Biturbo V6 engine. History When Alejandro de Tomaso acquired Maserati in 1976, he had ambitious plans for the marque. His plan was to combine the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tom Tjaarda
Tom Tjaarda (born Stevens Thompson Tjaarda van Starkenburg; July 23, 1934 – June 2, 2017) was an American automobile designer noted for his work on a broad range of automobiles — estimated at over eighty — from exotic sports cars including the Ferrari 365 California, De Tomaso Pantera and Aston Martin Lagonda Coupé to high-volume popular cars including the first generation Ford Fiesta (1972) and the Fiat 124 Spider (1966). For his work, Tjaarda was honored at the 1997 Pebble Beach Concours d'Elegance as well as the 1997 Concorso Italiano. Jalopnik called Tjaarda "one of the defining automotive designers of the 20th century." Noted automotive designer and journalist Robert Cumberford called Tjaarda "one of the world’s most accomplished Italian car designers." Car Design News called him "one of the great unsung heroes of the car design world." Background Born in Detroit, Tjaarda was the son of Irene Tjaarda and Dutch auto designer John Tjaarda (born Joop Tjaarda v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sofim
Sofim ( it, Società franco-italiana di motori) is a joint diesel engine enterprise established between Fiat, Saviem (Renault) and Alfa Romeo on 13 September 1974 and was bought by Iveco in 1981. The manufacturing plant is located in Foggia in southern Italy and is nowadays Fiat Powertrain Technologies largest engine plant covering an area of approximately . In 1977 Sofim presented the 8140 diesel engine range: a 2.0-liter (1,995 cc) four-cylinder and 2.4-liter (2,445 cc) four-cylinder . These engines were used in light commercial vehicle Saviem SG2, OM Grinta and in the Fiat Daily (Iveco Daily). These engines were used also in Fiat 131 and 132 models. Today, light trucks Fiat Ducato III and Iveco Daily uses Sofim engine of 2.3 L of and 3.0 L . Iveco also provides engines for Fuso, the Asian subsidiary of Daimler AG, a 3.0-liter engines for its light-duty vehicles. See also *JTD engine Multijet is Fiat Chrysler Automobiles' term for its current common rail dire ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turbodiesel
The term turbo-diesel, also written as turbodiesel and turbo diesel, refers to any diesel engine equipped with a turbocharger. As with other engine types, turbocharging a diesel engine can significantly increase its efficiency and power output, especially when used in combination with an intercooler. Turbocharging of diesel engines began in the 1920s with large marine and stationary engines. Trucks became available with turbo-diesel engines in the mid-1950s, followed by passenger cars in the late 1970s. Since the 1990s, the compression ratio of turbo-diesel engines has been dropping. Principle Diesel engines are typically well suited to turbocharging due to two factors: * A "lean" air–fuel ratio, caused when the turbocharger supplies excess air into the engine, is not a problem for diesel engines, because the torque control is dependent on the mass of fuel that is injected into the combustion chamber (i.e. air-fuel ratio), rather than the quantity of the air-fuel mixture. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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