Raymond W. Gibbs Jr.

	Raymond W. Gibbs Jr. Raymond W. Gibbs Jr. is a former psychology professor and researcher at the University of California, Santa Cruz. His research interests are in the fields of experimental psycholinguistics and cognitive science. His work concerns a range of theoretical issues, ranging from questions about the role of embodied experience in thought and language, to looking at people's use and understanding of figurative language (e.g., metaphor, irony, idioms). Raymond Gibbs's research is especially focused on bodily experience and linguistic meaning. Much of his research is motivated by theories of meaning in philosophy, linguistics, and comparative literature. Education Gibbs received his Bachelor of Arts in Cognitive Science from Hampshire College in 1976. Then he went on to study at the University of California, San Diego and received his master's degree in Experimental Psychology in 1978, and his Ph.D. in Cognitive Psychology and Psycholinguistics in 1980. Professional positions * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Psycholinguistics Psycholinguistics or psychology of language is the study of the interrelation between linguistic factors and psychological aspects. The discipline is mainly concerned with the mechanisms by which language is processed and represented in the mind and brain; that is, the psychological and neurobiological factors that enable humans to acquire, use, comprehend, and produce language. Psycholinguistics is concerned with the cognitive faculties and processes that are necessary to produce the grammatical constructions of language. It is also concerned with the perception of these constructions by a listener. Initial forays into psycholinguistics were in the philosophical and educational fields, due mainly to their location in departments other than applied sciences (e.g., cohesive data on how the human brain functioned). Modern research makes use of biology, neuroscience, cognitive science, linguistics, and information science to study how the mind-brain processes language, and less so ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Conceptual Blending Theory Conceptual may refer to: Philosophy and Humanities Concept Conceptualism Philosophical analysis (Conceptual analysis) Theoretical definition (Conceptual definition) * Thinking about Consciousness (Conceptual dualism) * Pragmatism (Conceptual pragmatism) * Paradigm (Conceptual scheme) * Abstract and concrete (Conceptual object) * Conceptual attrition, an idea of Beverley Skeggs Conceptual proliferation Conceptual history Conceptual necessity Linguistics and Semantics Conceptual schema Conceptual metaphor Conceptual model * Conceptual blending * Conceptual semantics * Conceptual dictionary Conceptual change Conceptual dependency theory Conceptual domain in Frame semantics (linguistics) Inferential role semantics (Conceptual role semantics) Psychology Priming (psychology) (Conceptual priming) Spatial–temporal reasoning (Visuo-conceptual) Conceptual act model of emotion Conceptual space Science Conceptual physics Conceptual economy Conceptual model (compute ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	University Of California Alumni A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United States, the designation is reserved for colleges that have a graduate school. The word ''university'' is derived from the Latin ''universitas magistrorum et scholarium'', which roughly means "community of teachers and scholars". The first universities were created in Europe by Catholic Church monks. The University of Bologna (''Università di Bologna''), founded in 1088, is the first university in the sense of: Being a high degree-awarding institute. Having independence from the ecclesiastic schools, although conducted by both clergy and non-clergy. Using the word ''universitas'' (which was coined at its foundation). Issuing secular and non-secular degrees: grammar, rhetoric, logic, theology, canon law, notarial law.Hunt Janin: "The university in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Hampshire College Alumni Hampshire (, ; abbreviated to Hants) is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in western South East England on the coast of the English Channel. Home to two major English cities on its south coast, Southampton and Portsmouth, Hampshire is the 9th-most populous county in England. The county town of Hampshire is Winchester, located in the north of the county. The county is bordered by Dorset to the south-west, Wiltshire to the north-west, Berkshire to the north, Surrey to the north-east, and West Sussex to the south east. The county is geographically diverse, with upland rising to and mostly south-flowing rivers. There are areas of downland and marsh, and two national parks: the New Forest and part of the South Downs, which together cover 45 per cent of Hampshire. Settled about 14,000 years ago, Hampshire's recorded history dates to Roman Britain, when its chief town was Venta Belgarum (now Winchester). The county was recorded in Domesday Book as divided into 44 hundreds. F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	21st-century American Psychologists The 1st century was the century spanning AD 1 ( I) through AD 100 ( C) according to the Julian calendar. It is often written as the or to distinguish it from the 1st century BC (or BCE) which preceded it. The 1st century is considered part of the Classical era, epoch, or historical period. The 1st century also saw the appearance of Christianity. During this period, Europe, North Africa and the Near East fell under increasing domination by the Roman Empire, which continued expanding, most notably conquering Britain under the emperor Claudius (AD 43). The reforms introduced by Augustus during his long reign stabilized the empire after the turmoil of the previous century's civil wars. Later in the century the Julio-Claudian dynasty, which had been founded by Augustus, came to an end with the suicide of Nero in AD 68. There followed the famous Year of Four Emperors, a brief period of civil war and instability, which was finally brought to an end by Vespasian, ninth Roman emperor, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Living People Related categories * :Year of birth missing (living people) / :Year of birth unknown * :Date of birth missing (living people) / :Date of birth unknown * :Place of birth missing (living people) / :Place of birth unknown * :Year of death missing / :Year of death unknown * :Date of death missing / :Date of death unknown * :Place of death missing / :Place of death unknown * :Missing middle or first names See also * :Dead people * :Template:L, which generates this category or death years, and birth year and sort keys. : {{DEFAULTSORT:Living people 21st-century people People by status ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Idioms An idiom is a phrase or expression that typically presents a figurative, non-literal meaning attached to the phrase; but some phrases become figurative idioms while retaining the literal meaning of the phrase. Categorized as formulaic language, an idiom's figurative meaning is different from the literal meaning. Idioms occur frequently in all languages; in English alone there are an estimated twenty-five million idiomatic expressions. Derivations Many idiomatic expressions were meant literally in their original use, but sometimes the attribution of the literal meaning changed and the phrase itself grew away from its original roots—typically leading to a folk etymology. For instance, the phrase "spill the beans" (meaning to reveal a secret) is first attested in 1919, but has been said to originate from an ancient method of voting by depositing beans in jars, which could be spilled, prematurely revealing the results. Other idioms are deliberately figurative. For example, "break ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Relevance Theory Relevance theory is a framework for understanding the interpretation of utterances. It was first proposed by Dan Sperber and Deirdre Wilson, and is used within cognitive linguistics and pragmatics. The theory was originally inspired by the work of Paul Grice and developed out of his ideas, but has since become a pragmatic framework in its own right. The seminal book, ''Relevance'', was first published in 1986 and revised in 1995. The theory takes its name from the principle that "every utterance conveys the information that it is relevant enough for it to be worth the addressee's effort to process it", that is, if I say something to you, you can safely assume that I believe that the conveyed information is worthwhile your effort to listen to and comprehend it; and also that it is "the most relevant one compatible with the communicator's abilities and preferences", that is, I tried to make the utterance as easy to understand as possible, given its information content and my communi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Conceptual Metaphor Theory Conceptual may refer to: Philosophy and Humanities Concept Conceptualism Philosophical analysis (Conceptual analysis) Theoretical definition (Conceptual definition) * Thinking about Consciousness (Conceptual dualism) * Pragmatism (Conceptual pragmatism) * Paradigm (Conceptual scheme) * Abstract and concrete (Conceptual object) * Conceptual attrition, an idea of Beverley Skeggs Conceptual proliferation Conceptual history Conceptual necessity Linguistics and Semantics Conceptual schema Conceptual metaphor Conceptual model * Conceptual blending * Conceptual semantics * Conceptual dictionary Conceptual change Conceptual dependency theory Conceptual domain in Frame semantics (linguistics) Inferential role semantics (Conceptual role semantics) Psychology Priming (psychology) (Conceptual priming) Spatial–temporal reasoning (Visuo-conceptual) Conceptual act model of emotion Conceptual space Science Conceptual physics Conceptual economy Conceptual model (compute ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Resemblance Metaphors Resemblance may refer to: * Similarity (philosophy) Resemblance nominalism Family Resemblance (anthropology) Ludwig Wittgenstein's family resemblances In text mining, the degree to which two documents resemble each other, calculated using shingles No Resemblance Whatsoever, a 1995 album by American singer-songwriter Dan Fogelberg and jazz flutist Tim Weisberg Facial resemblance Facial resemblance has been observed to enhance trustworthiness. As reported by a recent experiment, "resemblance to the subject's own face raised the incidence of trusting a partner". When similarities in appearance are distinguished, trust tends ... , a word that has been observed to enhance trustworthiness {{Disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Image Schema An image schema (both ''schemas'' and ''schemata'' are used as plural forms) is a recurring structure within our cognitive processes which establishes patterns of understanding and reasoning. As an understudy to embodied cognition, image schemas are formed from our bodily interactions, from linguistic experience, and from historical context. The term is introduced in Mark Johnson's book ''The Body in the Mind''; in case study 2 of George Lakoff's ''Women, Fire and Dangerous Things:'' and further explained by Todd Oakley in ''The Oxford handbook of cognitive linguistics;'' by Rudolf Arnheim in ''Visual Thinking''; by the collection ''From Perception to Meaning: Image Schemas in Cognitive Linguistics'' edited by Beate Hampe and Joseph E. Grady. In contemporary cognitive linguistics, an image schema is considered an embodied prelinguistic structure of experience that motivates conceptual metaphor mappings. Learned in early infancy they are often described as spatiotemporal relations ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]