Raoping Dialect
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Raoping Dialect
Raoping Hakka (; Taiwanese Hakka Romanization System: ngiau pin kagˋ gaˇ faˋ), also known as Shangrao Hakka (), is a dialect of Hakka Chinese spoken in Raoping, Guangdong, as well as Taiwan. Distribution In Raoping County, Hakka is spoken in the north, including the towns of Shangshan, Shangrao, Raoyang, Jiucun, Jianrao, and Xinfeng, as well as some villages in Hanjiang Forest Farm. As of 2005, there are 190,000 Hakka speakers in Raoping County (19% of the county's population). The distribution of Raoping Hakka in Taiwan is scattered. It is mainly spoken in Taoyuan City (Zhongli, Pingzhen, Xinwu, Guanyin, Bade), Hsinchu County (Zhubei, Qionglin), Miaoli County ( Zhuolan), and Taichung City ( Dongshi). In 2013, only 1.6% of Hakka people in Taiwan were reported to be able to communicate in the Raoping dialect. Contact with surrounding varieties Raoping Hakka has some phonological and lexical features that appear to come from contact with Teochew. Some nasalized vowel ...
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People's Republic Of China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and borders fourteen countries by land, the most of any country in the world, tied with Russia. Covering an area of approximately , it is the world's third largest country by total land area. The country consists of 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four municipalities, and two Special Administrative Regions (Hong Kong and Macau). The national capital is Beijing, and the most populous city and financial center is Shanghai. Modern Chinese trace their origins to a cradle of civilization in the fertile basin of the Yellow River in the North China Plain. The semi-legendary Xia dynasty in the 21st century BCE and the well-attested Shang and Zhou dynasties developed a bureaucratic political system to serve hereditary monarchies, or dyna ...
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Bade District
Bade District () is a district in the central part of Taoyuan City, Taiwan (Republic of China.) It is the smallest district by area in Taoyuan City. History Bade City was originally established as Bakuaicuo (八塊厝) during Qing Dynasty rule. During the period of Japanese rule, it was called ''Hachitoku Village'' (八塊庄), and was governed under Tōen District (桃園郡) of Shinchiku Prefecture. After the handover of Taiwan from Japan to the Republic of China, the area was established as a rural township and named Bade Township in 1946. In 1995, it was upgraded as a county-administered city named Bade City (). On 25 December 2014, it became Bade District. Geography Area: Population: 209,148 (August 2022) Administrative divisions The district comprises 48 villages: Bailu, Daai, Daan, Dachang, Dacheng, Dafa, Dafu, Dahan, Dahe, Dahong, Dahua, Dajiang, Daming, Danan, Daqian, Daqing, Daren, Darong, Dashun, Datong, Daxin, Daxing, Dayi, Dayong, Dazheng, Dazhi, Dazhong, D ...
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Hailu Dialect
The Hailu dialect (; Hailu Hakka Romanization System: hoi´ liug` kiong`), also known as the Hoiluk dialect or Hailu Hakka (), is a dialect of Hakka Chinese that originated in Shanwei, Guangdong. It is also the second most common dialect of Hakka spoken in Taiwan. Classification The first edition of the ''Language Atlas of China'' places the Hakka dialects spoken in Haifeng and LufengIncluding Luhe, which was carved out of Lufeng in 1988. into the Xin–Hui cluster () of the Yue–Tai subgroup () of Hakka. In the second edition, it is given its own subgroup known as the Hai–Lu subgroup () separate from the Yue–Tai subgroup. Chang Song-hing and Zhuang Chusheng propose that it should be grouped as the Hai–Lu cluster () of the Mei–Shao subgroup (). Distribution In China, the Hailu dialect is spoken in Shanwei, Guangdong, particularly in Haifeng, Lufeng, and Luhe. As of 2012, there are around 1.18 million speakers of the dialect in these three areas. In Taiwan, it is sp ...
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Sixian Dialect
The Sixian dialect, also known as the Sixian accent (; Sixian Hakka Romanization System: Xi ien kiongˊ / Xi ian kiongˊ; is pronounced as ien (PFS: yen) in Northern Sixian and as ian (PFS: yan) in Southern Sixian. Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Si-yen-khiông / Si-yan-khiông), is a dialect of Hakka used by Taiwanese Hakkas, and it is the most spoken dialect of Taiwanese Hakka, being used in Hakka broadcasting in many public occasions. The Sixian dialect is generally spoken in northern and southern Taiwan, with main representative regions being Taoyuan and Miaoli in the north, as well as the Liudui Region in Kaohsiung and Pingtung in the south. Taiwanese Hakka is often called ''Si Hai Yong Le Da Ping An'' (), referring to the Sixian (), Hailu (), Yongding (), Changle (), Dabu (), Raoping () and Zhao'an () dialects. Among these, the Sixian and Changle dialects originate in Jiaying Prefecture, Guangdong, established in 1733 during the Qing Dynasty under the rule of Yongzheng Emperor. Histor ...
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Meixian Dialect
Meixian may refer to the following places in China: * Meixian District, a district in Meizhou, Guangdong ** Meixian dialect, the local dialect of Hakka spoken there * Mei County, also known as Meixian, a county in Shaanxi * Meixian, Fujian (), town in and subdivision of Youxi County, Fujian * Meixian, Hunan (), town in and subdivision of Pingjiang County Pingjiang County () is a county in the northeast of Hunan province, China. It is the easternmost county-level division of the prefecture-level city of Yueyang. The county is located on the eastern margin of the province, the Miluo River runs thr ...
, Hunan {{Disambig, geo ...
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Middle Chinese
Middle Chinese (formerly known as Ancient Chinese) or the Qieyun system (QYS) is the historical variety of Chinese recorded in the '' Qieyun'', a rime dictionary first published in 601 and followed by several revised and expanded editions. The Swedish linguist Bernard Karlgren believed that the dictionary recorded a speech standard of the capital Chang'an of the Sui and Tang dynasties. However, based on the more recently recovered preface of the ''Qieyun'', most scholars now believe that it records a compromise between northern and southern reading and poetic traditions from the late Northern and Southern dynasties period. This composite system contains important information for the reconstruction of the preceding system of Old Chinese phonology (early 1st millennium BC). The ''fanqie'' method used to indicate pronunciation in these dictionaries, though an improvement on earlier methods, proved awkward in practice. The mid-12th-century ''Yunjing'' and other rime tables incorp ...
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Teochew Dialect
Teochew or Chaozhou (, , , Teochew endonym: , Shantou dialect: ) is a dialect of Chaoshan Min, a Southern Min language, that is spoken by the Teochew people in the Chaoshan region of eastern Guangdong and by their diaspora around the world. It is sometimes referred to as ''Chiuchow'', its Cantonese rendering, due to the English romanisation by colonial officials and explorers. It is closely related to some dialects of Hokkien, as it shares some cognates and phonology with Hokkien. The two are mutually unintelligible, but it is possible to understand some words. Teochew preserves many Old Chinese pronunciations and vocabulary that have been lost in some of the other modern varieties of Chinese. As such, Teochew is described as one of the most conservative Chinese languages. Languages in contact Mandarin In China, Teochew children are introduced to Standard Chinese as early as in kindergarten; however, the Teochew language remains the primary medium of instruction. In the ea ...
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Dongshi District
Dongshi District (; Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Tûng-sṳ) is a suburban district in eastern Taichung, Republic of China (Taiwan). It is the third largest district by area in Taichung City after Heping District and Taiping District. A majority of the residents are Hakka, making it an enclave in an otherwise non-Hakka county. Its Hakka dialect is very distinct compared to the dialects of other counties. Dongshi is situated on a narrow, north–south oriented plain, flanked by the Dajia River to the west and the Xueshan Range to the east. It is this sense of being pressed up against that ridge, at the easternmost edge of the large west-central plain, that gives the town its name. Its elevation ranges from about 330 meters along the Dajia River to 1201 meters in the foothills of the Central Mountain Range. The township is bounded by (clockwise from the north) Zhuolan, Heping, Xinshe, Shigang, Fengyuan, Houli, and Sanyi. History After the handover of Taiwan from Japan to the Republic o ...
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Taichung City
Taichung (, Wade–Giles: ''Tʻai²-chung¹'', pinyin: ''Táizhōng''), officially Taichung City, is a special municipality located in central Taiwan. Taichung has approximately 2.8 million residents and is the second most populous city of Taiwan, as well as the most populous city in Central Taiwan. It serves as the core of the Taichung–Changhua metropolitan area, the second largest metropolitan area in Taiwan. Located in the Taichung Basin, the city was initially developed from several scattered hamlets helmed by the Taiwanese indigenous peoples. It was constructed to be the new capital of Taiwan Province and renamed as " Taiwan-fu" in the late Qing dynastic era between 1887 and 1894. During the Japanese era from 1895, the urban planning of present-day city of Taichung was performed and developed by the Japanese. From the start of ROC rule in 1945, the urban area of Taichung was organized as a provincial city up until 25 December 2010, when the original provincial city and ...
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Zhuolan, Miaoli
Zhuolan Township is an urban township in Miaoli County, Taiwan. History Formerly called ''Talan'' (). Geography In January 2017, Zhuolan's population was estimated at 17,569. The township occupies an area of . It receives approximately of rain each year, mostly during May–June and August–October. Administrative divisions The township comprises 11 villages: Fengtian, Jingshan, Laozhuang, Miaofeng, Neiwan, Pinglin, Shangxin, Xincuo, Xinrong, Xiping and Zhongjie. Politics The township is part of Miaoli County Constituency II electoral district for Legislative Yuan. Economy Agricultural products Pears, grapes, starfruits and tangerines are the four main kinds of fruits grown in Zhuolan. Tourist attractions * Lixiping Leisure Agriculture Area Transportation Bus station Bus station in the township is Zhuolan Bus Station of Fengyuan Bus. Taichung City Bus routes link Zhuolan with Fengyuan and Dongshi districts of Taichung City Taichung (, Wade–Giles: ''Tʻai² ...
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Miaoli County
Miaoli County (Mandarin Pinyin: ''miáo lì xiàn''; Hakka PFS: ''Mèu-li̍t-yen''; Hokkien POJ: ''Biâu-le̍k-koān'' or ''Miâu-le̍k-koān'') is a county in western Taiwan. Miaoli is adjacent with Hsinchu County and Hsinchu City to the north, Taichung to the south, and borders the Taiwan Strait to the west. Miaoli is classified as a county in central Taiwan by the National Development Council, while the Taiwan Central Weather Bureau classifies Miaoli as a county in northern Taiwan. Miaoli City is the capital of the county, and is also known as "Mountain Town", owing to the number of mountains nearby, making it a destination for hiking. Name The name ''Miaoli'' was coined by matching Hakka Chinese sound for the characters 貓貍 to the phonetically approximate ''Pali'' (''Bari'') from the Taokas language. The resulting word () is a widespread but non-orthodox variant referring to Viverridae. In 1889, during late Qing rule, the name was modified from various forms () to its ...
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Qionglin, Hsinchu
Qionglin Township is a rural township in central Hsinchu County, Taiwan. Its population was estimated at 20,158 in January 2017. Administrative divisions The township comprises 12 villages: Hualong, Qionglin, Shangshan, Shitan, Shuikeng, Wenlin, Wulong, Xiashan, Xinfeng, Xiuhu, Yongxing and Zhongkeng. Education Ta Hwa University of Science and Technology is a private university located in Shuikeng Village. It is also the largest educational institution in Qionglin. It was founded in 1967, and was originally called Dahua Agricultural College focusing around farming. In 1969, it became an industrial college. In 1991, it was changed to a business school. In 1997, it became a technical college. Finally, in 2012 it took on its current name. The school has 3 schools of engineering, electricity, business and tourism management. It also has 13 departments and 1 research institute. Plus 5 schools of Hakka culture, glass creativity, innovation cultivation, green energy industry, disaster ...
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