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Rafael Yuste
Rafael Yuste (born April 25, 1963 in Madrid) is a Spanish-American neurobiologist and one of the initiators of the BRAIN Initiative announced in 2013. He is currently a professor at Columbia University. Biography Yuste's interest in neuroscience arose early, inspired by books like Santiago Ramón y Cajal's ''Los Tónicos de la Voluntad: Reglas y consejos sobre investigación científica'' ) (''The Tonics of the Will: Rules and Advice on Scientific Research'') and supported by his parents. He studied medicine at the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and its Fundación Jiménez Díaz Hospital (1982–1987). Finding the treatment and understanding of mental diseases as "primitive", Yuste decided that instead of practicing medicine he would work on laying the scientific basis for future treatments through basic biological research. He worked for two summers (1985/86) in the laboratory of the Nobel laureate Sydney Brenner at the University of Cambridge, but the budget cuts of Margaret T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erik Hoel
Erik Hoel is an American neuroscientist, neurophilosopher and fiction writer. His main areas of research are the study and philosophy of consciousness, cognition, biological function of dreams, and mathematical theories of emergence. He is noted for using information theory and causal analysis to develop mathematical models to explore and understand the basis of consciousness and dreams. Hoel holds a PhD degree in neuroscience from the University of Wisconsin–Madison, and in 2018 was recipient of Forbes 30 Under 30 – Science. He is currently working as a research assistant professor at Tufts University. Research career Hoel was previously a postdoctoral researcher in the lab of Rafael Yuste at Columbia University, and a visiting fellow at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton. He is known for the idea of "causal emergence", a formal theory about how macroscales of systems can have stronger causal relationships than their underlying microscale. He has also developed t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bell Laboratories
Nokia Bell Labs, originally named Bell Telephone Laboratories (1925–1984), then AT&T Bell Laboratories (1984–1996) and Bell Labs Innovations (1996–2007), is an American industrial research and scientific development company owned by multinational company Nokia. With headquarters located in Murray Hill, New Jersey, the company operates several laboratories in the United States and around the world. Researchers working at Bell Laboratories are credited with the development of radio astronomy, the transistor, the laser, the photovoltaic cell, the charge-coupled device (CCD), information theory, the Unix operating system, and the programming languages B, C, C++, S, SNOBOL, AWK, AMPL, and others. Nine Nobel Prizes have been awarded for work completed at Bell Laboratories. Bell Labs had its origin in the complex corporate organization of the Bell System telephone conglomerate. In the late 19th century, the laboratory began as the Western Electric Engineering Department, l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harvard University
Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Founded in 1636 as Harvard College and named for its first benefactor, the Puritan clergyman John Harvard, it is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States and one of the most prestigious and highly ranked universities in the world. The university is composed of ten academic faculties plus Harvard Radcliffe Institute. The Faculty of Arts and Sciences offers study in a wide range of undergraduate and graduate academic disciplines, and other faculties offer only graduate degrees, including professional degrees. Harvard has three main campuses: the Cambridge campus centered on Harvard Yard; an adjoining campus immediately across Charles River in the Allston neighborhood of Boston; and the medical campus in Boston's Longwood Medical Area. Harvard's endowment is valued at $50.9 billion, making it the wealthiest academic institution in the world. Endowment inco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of The Basque Country
The University of the Basque Country ( eu, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, ''EHU''; es, Universidad del País Vasco, ''UPV''; UPV/EHU) is a Spanish public university of the Basque Autonomous Community. Heir of the University of Bilbao, initially it was made up of the Faculty of Economic and Business Sciences of Sarriko (1955), Medicine (1968) and Sciences (1968). Following the General Law of Education (1970), the Nautical School (1784), the School of Business Studies of Bilbao (1818) and the Technical Schools of Engineers (1897) joined in, until it grew into the complex of thirty centers that compose it presently. It has campuses over the three provinces of the autonomous community: Biscay Campus (in Leioa, Bilbao, Portugalete and Barakaldo), Gipuzkoa Campus (in San Sebastián and Eibar), and Álava Campus in Vitoria-Gasteiz. It stands out as the main research institution in the Basque Country, carrying out 90% of the basic research carried out in that territory and benefiting fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish National Research Council
The Spanish National Research Council ( es, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC) is the largest public institution dedicated to research in Spain and the third largest in Europe. Its main objective is to develop and promote research that will help bring about scientific and technological progress, and it is prepared to collaborate with Spanish and foreign entities in order to achieve this aim. CSIC plays an important role in scientific and technological policy, since it encompasses an area that takes in everything from basic research to the transfer of knowledge to the productive sector. Its research is driven by its centres and institutes, which are spread across all the autonomous regions. CSIC has 6% of all the staff dedicated to research and development in Spain, and they generate approximately 20% of all scientific production in the country. It also manages a range of important facilities; the most complete and extensive network of specialist libraries, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Donostia International Physics Center
The Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC) Foundation was established in 1999 in the framework of a collaboration agreement reached by the Education and Industry Departments of the Basque Government, the University of the Basque Country, the Regional Government of Gipuzkoa, the City of Donostia and the Kutxa savings bank. Iberdrola participated in the venture during 2000-2003. In 2004 Naturcorp Multiservicios joined the project, followed by Telefónica Telefónica, S.A. () is a Spanish multinational telecommunications company headquartered in Madrid, Spain. It is one of the largest telephone operators and mobile network providers in the world. It provides fixed and mobile telephony, broadba ... in 2005. The DIPC was born as an intellectual center aimed at fostering and providing for the development of highest level basic research in material science. Since its early days, the DIPC has been an open institution, bound to the University of the Basque Country, committ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
H-index
The ''h''-index is an author-level metric that measures both the productivity and citation impact of the publications, initially used for an individual scientist or scholar. The ''h''-index correlates with obvious success indicators such as winning the Nobel Prize, being accepted for research fellowships and holding positions at top universities. The index is based on the set of the scientist's most cited papers and the number of citations that they have received in other publications. The index has more recently been applied to the productivity and impact of a scholarly journal as well as a group of scientists, such as a department or university or country. The index was suggested in 2005 by Jorge E. Hirsch, a physicist at UC San Diego, as a tool for determining theoretical physicists' relative quality and is sometimes called the Hirsch index or Hirsch number. Definition and purpose The ''h''-index is defined as the maximum value of ''h'' such that the given author/journa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
El Mundo (España)
''El Mundo'' (; ), before ''El Mundo del Siglo Veintiuno'', is the second largest printed daily newspaper in Spain. The paper is considered one of the country's newspapers of record along with ''El País and ABC.'' History and profile ''El Mundo'' was first published on 23 October 1989. Perhaps the best known of its founders was Pedro J. Ramírez, who served as editor until 2014. Ramirez had risen to prominence as a journalist during the Spanish transition to democracy. The other founders, Alfonso de Salas, Balbino Fraga and Juan González, shared with Ramírez a background in Grupo 16, the publishers of the newspaper ''Diario 16''. Alfonso de Salas, Juan Gonzales and Gregorio Pena also launched '' El Economista'' in 2006. ''El Mundo'', along with '' Marca'' and '' Expansión'', is controlled by the Italian publishing company RCS MediaGroup through its Spanish subsidiary company Unidad Editorial S.L. Its former owner was Unedisa which merged with Grupo Recoletos in 2007 to fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cerebral Cortex
The cerebral cortex, also known as the cerebral mantle, is the outer layer of neural tissue of the cerebrum of the brain in humans and other mammals. The cerebral cortex mostly consists of the six-layered neocortex, with just 10% consisting of allocortex. It is separated into two cortices, by the longitudinal fissure that divides the cerebrum into the left and right cerebral hemispheres. The two hemispheres are joined beneath the cortex by the corpus callosum. The cerebral cortex is the largest site of neural integration in the central nervous system. It plays a key role in attention, perception, awareness, thought, memory, language, and consciousness. The cerebral cortex is part of the brain responsible for cognition. In most mammals, apart from small mammals that have small brains, the cerebral cortex is folded, providing a greater surface area in the confined volume of the cranium. Apart from minimising brain and cranial volume, cortical folding is crucial for the brain ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NIH Director's Pioneer Award
National Institutes of Health Director's Pioneer Award is a research initiative first announced in 2004 designed to support individual scientists' biomedical research. The focus is specifically on "pioneering" research that is highly innovative and has a potential to produce paradigm shifting results. The awards, made annually from the National Institutes of Health common fund, are each worth $500,000 per year, or $2,500,000 for five years. Recipients 2004 SourceNIH*Larry Abbott *George Q. Daley * Homme W. Hellinga * Joseph McCune * Steven L. McKnight * Rob Phillips * Stephen R. Quake *Chad Mirkin *Xiaoliang Sunney Xie 2005 SourceNIH* Vicki L. Chandler * Hollis T. Cline *Leda Cosmides *Titia de Lange *Karl Deisseroth * Pehr A.B. Harbury * Erich D. JarvisThomas A. Rando* Derek J. Smith *Giulio Tononi * Clare M. Waterman-Storer *Nathan Wolfe *Junying Yuan 2006 SourceNIH* Kwabena A. Boahen *Arup K. Chakraborty * Lila M. Gierasch *Rebecca W. Heald *Karla Kirkegaard * Thomas J. Kod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kavli Institute
The Kavli Foundation, based in Los Angeles, California, is a foundation that supports the advancement of science and the increase of public understanding and support for scientists and their work. The Kavli Foundation was established in December 2000 by its founder and benefactor, Fred Kavli, a Norwegian business leader and philanthropist, who made his money by creating Kavlico, a company that made sensors, and by investing in real estate in southern California and Nevada. Kavli died in 2013, leaving the remainder of his wealth to the foundation. David Auston, a former president of Case Western Reserve University and former Bell Labs scientist, was the first president of the Kavli Foundation, from 2002 to 2009. He was succeeded by Robert W. Conn, who was president from 2009 to 2020. Cynthia M. Friend is the third and current president. To date, The Kavli Foundation has made grants to establish Kavli Institutes on the campuses of 20 major universities. In addition to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
