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Rossola Nera
Rossola nera is a red Italian wine grape variety that has been growing in the Valtellina region of Lombardy since at least the 17th century. In 2004 DNA profiling determined that the grape has a parent-offspring relationship with the Piedmont wine grape Nebbiolo though which variety is the parent and which is the offspring is not yet clear. However, most ampelographers believe that Nebbiolo is likely the parent variety since written records in Piedmont have noted Nebbiolo being grown since at least the 13th century.J. Robinson, J. Harding and J. Vouillamoz ''Wine Grapes - A complete guide to 1,368 vine varieties, including their origins and flavours'' pgs 701-702, 915 Allen Lane 2012 History and relationship to other grapes An early 17th century Latin text list Rossola nera, under the synonym ''Rossoladure'', as one of the grape varieties growing in Valtellina. The grape's name ''Rossola'' derives from the Italian word ''rosso'' and refers to the reddish-pink color that the gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Italian Wine
Italian wine is produced in every region of Italy. Italy is the world's largest producer of wine, with an area of under vineyard cultivation, and contributing a 2013–2017 annual average of 48.3 million hl of wine. In 2018 Italy accounted for 19 per cent of global production, ahead of France (17 per cent) and Spain (15 per cent). Italian wine is both exported around the world and popular domestically among Italians, who consume an average of 42 litres per capita, ranking fifth in world wine consumption. The origins of vine-growing and winemaking in Italy has been illuminated by recent research, stretching back even before the Phoenician, Etruscans and Greek settlers, who produced wine in Italy before the Romans planted their own vineyards. The Romans greatly increased Italy's viticultural area using efficient viticultural and winemaking methods. History Vines have been cultivated from the wild ''Vitis vinifera'' grape for millennia in Italy. It was previously believed that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vespolina
Vespolina is a red Italian wine grape variety that is planted in Piedmont around Gattinara and Ghemme. Ampelographer believe that the grape is most likely indigenous to this area of Piedmont and recent DNA profiling identified a parent-offspring relationship with Nebbiolo. Outside Piedmont it is found in the Lombardy region of Oltrepò Pavese where the grape is known as Ughetta. J. Robinson (ed) ''"The Oxford Companion to Wine"'' Third Edition pg 733 Oxford University Press 2006 In Gattinara, Vespolina is sometimes blended with Nebbiolo and Bonarda Piemontese. J. Robinson ''Jancis Robinson's Wine Course'' Third Edition pg 153 Abbeville Press 2003 Unlike the white Italian grape Vespaiolo, the root of the name Vespolina does not have a direct connection with ''vespe'' or wasp. However the true origins of the name are still unclear. Oz Clarke ''Encyclopedia of Grapes'' pg 273 Harcourt Books 2001 Relationship to other grapes Through its parent-offspring relationship with N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ripeness (wine)
In viticulture, ripeness is the completion of the ripening process of wine grapes on the vine which signals the beginning of harvest. What exactly constitutes ripeness will vary depending on what style of wine is being produced ( sparkling, still, fortified, ''rosé'', dessert wine, etc.) and what the winemaker and viticulturist personally believe constitutes ripeness. Once the grapes are harvested, the physical and chemical components of the grape which will influence a wine's quality are essentially set so determining the optimal moment of ripeness for harvest may be considered the most crucial decision in winemaking.J. Cox ''"From Vines to Wines"'' Fourth Edition, pg 97-106 Storey Publishing 1999 There are several factors that contribute to the ripeness of the grape. As the grapes go through ''veraison'', sugars in the grapes will continue to rise as acid levels fall. The balance between sugar (as well as the potential alcohol level) and acids is considered one of the most ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corsica (wine)
Corsica wine is wine made on the Mediterranean island of Corsica. Located 90 km west of Italy, 170 km southeast of France and 11 km north of the island of Sardinia, the island is a territorial collectivity of France, but many of the region's winemaking traditions and its grape varieties are Italian in origin. The region's viticultural history can be traced to the island's settlement by Phoceans traders in 570 BC in what is now the commune of Aléria. In the 18th century, the island came under the control of France. Following the independence of Algeria from French rule, many Algerian '' Pieds-Noirs'' immigrated to Corsica and began planting vineyards. Between 1960 and 1976 the vineyard area in Corsica increased fourfold. In 1968, Patrimonio was established as Corsica's first ''Appellation d'origine contrôlée'' (AOC). Today, Corsica has nine AOC regions including the island-wide designation Vin de Corse AOC. The majority of the wine exported from Corsica falls unde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oz Clarke
Robert Owen Clarke (born 1949), known as Oz Clarke, is a British wine writer, actor, television presenter and broadcaster. Early life Clarke's parents were a chest physician and a nursing sister. He is of Irish descent and was brought up Roman Catholic. His mother was born in Graiguenamanagh. He was brought up near Canterbury with a brother and a sister. Clarke became a chorister at Canterbury Cathedral and subsequently won a choral scholarship to The King's School, Canterbury. He later attended Pembroke College, Oxford where he studied theology and psychology and became Common Room President. He played University hockey, was University punting champion, sang with Schola Cantorum, and acted with the dramatic society and the Oxford Revue at the Edinburgh Festival. He also captained the wine-tasting team. He claims to have been given his chosen name, Oz, "in the school showers" when he was 13, because he played cricket like an Australian cricketer. The Australian cricket team w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schiava
Trollinger, Schiava, or Vernatsch, is a red German/Italian wine grape variety that was likely first originally cultivated in the wine regions of South Tyrol and Trentino, but today is almost exclusively cultivated on steep, sunny locations in the Württemberg wine region of Baden-Württemberg. It is primarily known under the synonyms Trollinger in Germany, Vernatsch in South Tyrol and Schiava in other Italian regions. As a table grape the variety is sometimes known as Black Hamburg,J. Robinson, ''Jancis Robinson's Guide to Wine Grapes'', pp. 171 and 191-192, Oxford University Press 1996 . which is commonly confused with the similar synonym for Black Muscat—a variety that is actually a cross of Trollinger and Muscat of Alexandria.Appellation AmericBlack MuscatGrape details. According to wine expert Oz Clarke, Trollinger has moderate acidity and tends to produce light bodied wines with fruity strawberry and subtle smokey notes.Oz Clarke: ''Encyclopedia of Grapes'', pp. 229, 270 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol Wine
South Tyrol (called in Italian ''Alto Adige'') is an autonomous province located in north-east Italy producing wine. This Austro-Italian wine region is noted for the distinct Austrian influences on the wine industry due to the region's long history under the rule of Austria-Hungary and Holy Roman Empires.M. Ewing-Mulligan & E. McCarthy ''Italian Wines for Dummies'', pp. 109-118. Hungry Minds 2001 . Because of its unique history and location within the southern Alps and Dolomites, in this region grows a wide range of grape varieties that are not usually seen in other parts of Italy. These include Müller-Thurgau, Vernatsch, Lagrein, Sylvaner, Riesling (known in Italian as ''Riesling Renano''), Gewürztraminer (known in Italian as ''Traminer Aromatico'')P. Saunders ''Wine Label Language'' pp. 120–212 Firefly Books 2004 and Blatterle. Winemaking Winemaking in Tyrol has a long tradition: the first evidence dates back to the period before the Romans. The South Tyrolean winegr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trebbiano
Trebbiano is an Italian wine grape, one of the most widely planted grape varieties in the world. It gives good yields, but tends to yield undistinguished wine. It can be fresh and fruity, but does not keep long. Also known as ugni blanc, it has many other names reflecting a family of local subtypes, particularly in Italy and France.Robinson, Jancis ''Vines, Grapes & Wines'' Mitchell Beazley 1986 Its high acidity makes it important in Cognac and Armagnac productions. History Trebbiano may have originated in the Eastern Mediterranean, and was known in Italy in Roman times. A subtype was recognized in Bologna in the thirteenth century, and as Ugni blanc made its way to France, possibly during the Papal retreat to Avignon in the fourteenth century. Pedigree An Italian study published in 2008 using DNA typing showed a close genetic relationship between Garganega on the one hand and Trebbiano and several other grape varieties on the other hand. It is therefore possible that Gargan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mutation
In biology, a mutation is an alteration in the nucleic acid sequence of the genome of an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal DNA. Viral genomes contain either DNA or RNA. Mutations result from errors during DNA or viral replication, mitosis, or meiosis or other types of damage to DNA (such as pyrimidine dimers caused by exposure to ultraviolet radiation), which then may undergo error-prone repair (especially microhomology-mediated end joining), cause an error during other forms of repair, or cause an error during replication (translesion synthesis). Mutations may also result from insertion or deletion of segments of DNA due to mobile genetic elements. Mutations may or may not produce detectable changes in the observable characteristics (phenotype) of an organism. Mutations play a part in both normal and abnormal biological processes including: evolution, cancer, and the development of the immune system, including junctional diversity. Mutation is the ultimate source o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Freisa
Freisa is a red Italian wine grape variety grown in the Piedmont region of north-west Italy, primarily in Monferrato and in the Langhe, but also further north in the provinces of Turin and Biella. Freisa is a vigorous and productive vine whose round, blue-black grapes are harvested in early October. The three-lobed leaves are relatively small and the bunches are elongated in form. By the 1880s it had become one of the major Piedmontese grapes, and in that period its cultivation was stimulated by the vine’s resistance to the downy mildew caused by the Plasmopara viticola fungus. Wines made from the Freisa grape are red and usually somewhat sweet and lightly sparkling, or foaming. Still and fully sparkling versions are also produced, however, as are dry and more decidedly sweet styles. In the Canavese there is also a rosé which can be made primarily from Freisa according to ''Denominazione di origine controllata'' (DOC) regulations. History Plantings of Freisa in the Piedmont reg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neretto Di Bairo
Croatina is a red Italian wine grape variety that is grown primarily in the Oltrepò Pavese region of Lombardy and in the Province of Piacenza within Emilia Romagna, but also in parts of Piedmont and the Veneto. In the Oltrepò Pavese, in the hills of Piacenza, in Cisterna d’Asti and San Damiano d’Asti ( Province of Asti), and in Roero this variety is called ‘Bonarda’. It should not, however be confused with the Bonarda piemontese, which is an unrelated vine.J. Robinson ''Vines, Grapes & Wines'' pg 209 Mitchell Beazley 1986 . In the Piedmont region, it is sometimes blended with Nebbiolo in the wines of Gattinara and Ghemme.Oz Clarke ''Encyclopedia of Grapes'' pg 85 Harcourt Books 2001 Wines Croatina has characteristics similar to the Dolcetto grape in that it tends to produce fruity, deeply colored wines that are mildly tannic and can benefit from bottle aging. Such is the case with the wine Oltrepò Pavese Bonarda DOC which contains from 85% to 100% Croatina (und ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Negretta
Nielluccio is a red wine grape variety that is widely planted on Corsica. It is the principal grape variety used in the production of the ''Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée'' AOC red wine Patrimonio, where it must by law make up 95% of the blend.E. McCarthy & M. Ewing-Mulligan ''"French Wine for Dummies"'' pg 242 Wiley Publishing 2001 An early budding vine, Nielluccio produces wines lacking in color and with high alcohol levels. It is commonly used to make rosé wine.J. Robinson ''Vines, Grapes & Wines'' pg 208 Mitchell Beazley 1986 There is confusion about the grape's exact origins with some wine experts describing the grape as being indigenous to Corsica while other theories report that the grape is of Italian origins and possibly even a genetically identical clone of the Tuscan wine grape Sangiovese that came to Corsica from Pisa. History The exact origins of Nielluccio are disputed. While the grape is today known as primarily a French, or more specifically, Corsican ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
