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Romanization (other)
Romanization is the representation in the Latin alphabet of a language normally written in another writing system. Romanization may also refer to: *Romanization (cultural), the expansion of Roman culture, law, and language *Latinisation of names, practice of rendering a non-Latin name (or word) in a Latin style *Latinisation in the Soviet Union, the Latinization of languages inside the former USSR *Liturgical Latinisation, the practice of modifying other rites of the Catholic Church (or of Orthodox churches) to more resemble the Latin (Roman) rite *Representation in roman type of formerly italicized foreign words and phrases after they have become assimilated into English See also * Roma (other) Roma or ROMA may refer to: Places Australia * Roma, Queensland, a town ** Roma Airport ** Roma Courthouse ** Electoral district of Roma, defunct ** Town of Roma, defunct town, now part of the Maranoa Regional Council *Roma Street, Brisbane, a s ... * Latinisation (disambigua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romanization
Romanization or romanisation, in linguistics, is the conversion of text from a different writing system to the Roman (Latin) script, or a system for doing so. Methods of romanization include transliteration, for representing written text, and transcription, for representing the spoken word, and combinations of both. Transcription methods can be subdivided into ''phonemic transcription'', which records the phonemes or units of semantic meaning in speech, and more strict ''phonetic transcription'', which records speech sounds with precision. Methods There are many consistent or standardized romanization systems. They can be classified by their characteristics. A particular system’s characteristics may make it better-suited for various, sometimes contradictory applications, including document retrieval, linguistic analysis, easy readability, faithful representation of pronunciation. * Source, or donor language – A system may be tailored to romanize text from a particular lan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romanization (cultural)
Romanization or Latinization (Romanisation or Latinisation), in the historical and cultural meanings of both terms, indicate different historical processes, such as acculturation, social integration, integration and cultural assimilation, assimilation of newly incorporated and peripheral populations by the Roman Republic and the later Roman Empire, Roman Empire. The term was used in Ancient Roman historiography and Italian historiography until the fascist period, when the various processes were called the "civilizing of barbarians". Characteristics Acculturation proceeded from the top down, with the upper classes adopting Roman culture first and the old ways lingering for the longest among peasants in outlying countryside and rural areas. Hostages played an important part in this process, as elite children, from Mauretania to Gaul, were taken to be raised and educated in Rome. Ancient Roman historiography and traditional Italian historiography confidently identified the differe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Latinisation Of Names
Latinisation (or Latinization) of names, also known as onomastic Latinisation, is the practice of rendering a ''non''-Latin name in a Latin style. It is commonly found with historical proper names, including personal names and toponyms, and in the standard binomial nomenclature of the life sciences. It goes further than romanisation, which is the transliteration of a word to the Latin alphabet from another script (e.g. Cyrillic). For authors writing in Latin, this change allows the name to function grammatically in a sentence through declension. In a scientific context, the main purpose of Latinisation may be to produce a name which is internationally consistent. Latinisation may be carried out by: * transforming the name into Latin sounds (e.g. for ), or * adding Latinate suffixes to the end of a name (e.g. for '' Meibom),'' or * translating a name with a specific meaning into Latin (e.g. for Italian ; both mean 'hunter'), or * choosing a new name based on some attribut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Latinisation In The Soviet Union
In the USSR, latinisation or latinization (russian: латиниза́ция, ') was the name of the campaign during the 1920s–1930s which aimed to replace traditional writing systems for all languages of the Soviet Union with systems that would use the Latin script or to create Latin-script-based systems for languages that, at the time, did not have a writing system. History Background Since at least 1700, some Russian intellectuals have sought to Latinise the Russian language in their desire for close relations with the West. The early 20th-century Bolsheviks had four goals: to break with Tsarism, to spread socialism Socialism is a left-wing economic philosophy and movement encompassing a range of economic systems characterized by the dominance of social ownership of the means of production as opposed to private ownership. As a term, it describes the e ... to the whole world, to isolate the Muslim inhabitants of the Soviet Union from the Arabic–Islamic wor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liturgical Latinisation
Liturgical Latinisation is the process of adoption of Latin liturgical rites by non-Latin Christian denominations, particularly within Eastern Catholic liturgy. Throughout history, liturgical Latinisation was manifested in various forms. In Early Middle Ages, it occurred during the process of conversion of Gothic Christianity, and also during the process of reincorporation of Celtic Christianity. During the Crusades, it was introduced to Eastern Christians. After the creation of various Eastern Catholic Churches, several forms and degrees of liturgical Latinisation were adopted by some of those Churches, in order to make their liturgical customs resembling more closely the practices of the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church. This particular process continued up to the 18th and 19th centuries, until it was forbidden by Pope Leo XIII in 1894 with his encyclical ''Orientalium dignitas''. Latinisation is a contentious issue in many churches and has been considered responsible for vario ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roman Type
In Latin script typography, roman is one of the three main kinds of historical type, alongside blackletter and italic. Roman type was modelled from a European scribal manuscript style of the 15th century, based on the pairing of inscriptional capitals used in ancient Rome with Carolingian minuscules developed in the Holy Roman Empire.Bringhurst, p 124. During the early Renaissance, roman (in the form of Antiqua) and italic type were used separately. Today, roman and italic type are mixed, and most typefaces are composed of an upright roman style with an associated italic or oblique style. Early roman typefaces show a variety of designs, for instance resembling what would now be considered blackletter. Printers and typefounders such as Nicolas Jenson and Aldus Manutius in Venice and later Robert Estienne in France codified the modern characteristics of Roman type, for instance an 'h' with a nearly straight right leg, serifs on the outside of the capital 'M' and 'N', and 'e' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roma (other)
Roma or ROMA may refer to: Places Australia * Roma, Queensland, a town ** Roma Airport ** Roma Courthouse ** Electoral district of Roma, defunct ** Town of Roma, defunct town, now part of the Maranoa Regional Council *Roma Street, Brisbane, a street in Queensland **Roma Street busway station **Roma Street Parkland, park in Brisbane, Queensland **Roma Street railway station, a station in Brisbane, Queensland Brazil * Mata Roma, a municipality in the state of Maranhão * Roma Negra, a nickname of the city of Salvador, Bahia Italy * Rome or Roma, the capital of Italy **A.S. Roma, one of the football clubs of Rome ** Roma Tre University (founded in 1992) ** Esposizione Universale Roma or EUR, a residential and business district * Ancient Rome or Roma Lesotho * Roma, Lesotho, in the Maseru District Mexico * Colonia Roma, a neighbourhood in Mexico City Peru * Roma, Peru, a town in La Libertad Region Portugal * Roma (Lisbon Metro), a Green Line station on Avenida de Roma Romani ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
