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Robert Martin (anti-war Activist)
Robert Martin (born 1949) is an Australian historian who resisted conscription for military service during the Vietnam War. Martin refused to register for conscription, holding an objection to the Vietnam War in particular. In late 1971 he was sentenced to one week in Adelaide Gaol as a conscientious non-complier with the National Service Act, and in February 1972 he was sentenced to eighteen months for refusing to report at Keswick Barracks Keswick Barracks is a barracks of the Australian Army in Keswick, South Australia. The barracks are located on Anzac Highway adjacent to the Royal Adelaide Showgrounds. The base is separated from the Showgrounds by the Seaford and Belair ra .... He was released by the Whitlam Duumvirate in December 1972 having served ten months - one of seven men in Australian prisons for refusing conscription freed at that time.Interview with Robert Martin ound recording Peter Donovan, 1989 Adelaide Gaol Oral History Projec State Library of Sou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
War Resister
A war resister is a person who resists war. The term can mean several things: resisting participation in all war, or a specific war, either before or after enlisting in, being inducted into, or being conscripted into a military force. History, evolution and etymology of the term Early usage of the term "war resister" is found in the name of the War Resisters League which was formed in 1923 by men and women who had opposed World War I. The War Resisters League is a section of the London-based War Resisters' International which was founded in Bilthoven, Netherlands in 1921 under the name "Paco". In 1975, the Committee on South African War Resistance, an organisation of exiled conscientious objectors, pacifists, anti-militarists and deserters from the South African Defence Force (SADF), was formed in the aftermath of Operation Savannah and the Soweto uprising the following year. Its aim was to raise international awareness about the role of the SADF and to provide support to ob ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conscription In Australia
Conscription in Australia, also called mandatory military service or National Service, has a controversial history dating back to the first years of nationhood. Military conscription was abolished by Australian law in 1972. Australia currently has provisions for conscription, only during times of war if it is authorised by the governor-general and approved within 90 days by both houses of Parliament, as outlined in Part IV of the Defence Act 1903. Therefore, given the Governor-General acts upon advice of the federal government, conscription could be enacted by parliament even without bipartisan support, as long as the Bill is not blocked by the Senate. Universal Training Scheme In 1909, the government of Prime Minister Alfred Deakin introduced legislation for a form of conscription for boys from 12 to 14 years of age and for youths from 18 to 20 years of age for home defence. The legislation, which passed with the combined support of the Protectionist Party and the Australian La ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vietnam War
The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vietnam and South Vietnam. The north was supported by the Soviet Union, China, and other communist states, while the south was United States in the Vietnam War, supported by the United States and other anti-communism, anti-communist Free World Military Forces, allies. The war is widely considered to be a Cold War-era proxy war. It lasted almost 20 years, with direct U.S. involvement ending in 1973. The conflict also spilled over into neighboring states, exacerbating the Laotian Civil War and the Cambodian Civil War, which ended with all three countries becoming communist states by 1975. After the French 1954 Geneva Conference, military withdrawal from Indochina in 1954 – following their defeat in the First Indochina War – the Viet Minh to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adelaide Gaol
Adelaide Gaol is a former Australian prison located in the Park Lands of Adelaide, in the state of South Australia. The gaol was the first permanent one in South Australia and operated from 1841 until 1988. The Gaol is one of the two oldest buildings still standing in South Australia, the other being Government House which was built at the same time. The prison is now a museum, tourist attraction and function centre. Origins When the first colonists arrived at South Australia in late 1836, any prisoners (there were few at first) were held in irons aboard the ships HMS Buffalo and then Tam O'Shanter. In early 1837 the public were warned that escaped convicts from New South Wales may reach the colony and in mid-1837 Buffalo and Tam O'Shanter sailed away. Recognising the need, tenders had already been called for a "temporary" gaol. Meanwhile, the Governor's guard of Royal Marines held prisoners in their encampment in the present Botanic Gardens, chained to a tree. As the populati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Service Act (1964)
The ''National Service Act 1964'' (Cth) is a repealed amendment of the Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia, passed on 24 November 1964. It amended the National Service Act 1951 to require 20-year-old males to serve in the Army for a period of twenty-four months of continuous service (reduced to eighteen months in 1971) followed by three years in the Reserve. The Defence Act 1965 amended the Defence Act 1903 in May 1965 to provide that conscripts could be obliged to serve overseas, and in March 1966 Prime Minister Harold Holt announced that National Servicemen would be sent to Vietnam to fight in units of the Australian Regular Army. Background On 5 November 1964, Cabinet decided to introduce a compulsory selective National Service scheme. In announcing this decision to Parliament, Prime Minister Robert Menzies referred to 'aggressive Communism', developments in Asia such as 'recent Indonesian policies and actions' and a 'deterioration in our strategic position' as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Keswick Barracks
Keswick Barracks is a barracks of the Australian Army in Keswick, South Australia. The barracks are located on Anzac Highway adjacent to the Royal Adelaide Showgrounds. The base is separated from the Showgrounds by the Seaford and Belair railway lines. The barracks' historic Headquarters Building is listed on both the Australian Commonwealth Heritage List and the former Register of the National Estate. The barracks is also home to the Army Museum of South Australia. Current units * 9th Brigade *10th/27th Battalion, Royal South Australia Regiment The Royal South Australia Regiment is a reserve regiment of the Australian Army consisting of a single battalion, the 10th/27th Battalion, part of the 9th Brigade. It was raised on 1 July 1960, as The South Australia Regiment. History The Regime ... * 3rd Health Support Battalion 144 Signals Squadron *47 Army Cadet Unit *413 Army Cadet Unit (Pipes & Drums). *601 Squadron Australian Air Force Cadets *617 Squadron Australian Ai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Australian Conscientious Objectors
Australian(s) may refer to: Australia * Australia, a country * Australians, citizens of the Commonwealth of Australia ** European Australians ** Anglo-Celtic Australians, Australians descended principally from British colonists ** Aboriginal Australians, indigenous peoples of Australia as identified and defined within Australian law * Australia (continent) ** Indigenous Australians * Australian English, the dialect of the English language spoken in Australia * Australian Aboriginal languages * ''The Australian ''The Australian'', with its Saturday edition, ''The Weekend Australian'', is a broadsheet newspaper published by News Corp Australia since 14 July 1964.Bruns, Axel. "3.1. The active audience: Transforming journalism from gatekeeping to gatew ...'', a newspaper * Australiana, things of Australian origins Other uses * Australian (horse), a racehorse * Australian, British Columbia, an unincorporated community in Canada See also * The Australian (disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Australian Pacifists
Australian(s) may refer to: Australia * Australia, a country * Australians, citizens of the Commonwealth of Australia ** European Australians ** Anglo-Celtic Australians, Australians descended principally from British colonists ** Aboriginal Australians, indigenous peoples of Australia as identified and defined within Australian law * Australia (continent) ** Indigenous Australians * Australian English, the dialect of the English language spoken in Australia * Australian Aboriginal languages * ''The Australian'', a newspaper * Australiana, things of Australian origins Other uses * Australian (horse), a racehorse * Australian, British Columbia, an unincorporated community in Canada See also * The Australian (other) * Australia (other) * * * Austrian (other) Austrian may refer to: * Austrians, someone from Austria or of Austrian descent ** Someone who is considered an Austrian citizen, see Austrian nationality law * Austrian German dialect * Someth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People From Adelaide
This is a list of notable people from Adelaide. Arts and music Prominent intellectuals, writers, artists, bands, and musicians to hail from Adelaide include: Actors *Dame Judith Anderson - '' Rebecca'', ''And Then There Were None''; Tony and Emmy Award winner *Elspeth Ballantyne - ''Prisoner'' *Holly Brisley - '' Home and Away'' *Sam Clark - ''Neighbours'' *Kate Fischer - ''Sirens'' *Sir Robert Helpmann - '' Chitty Chitty Bang Bang'', ''Alice's Adventures in Wonderland'' *Nicholas Hope - ''Bad Boy Bubby'' *Dichen Lachman - ''Neighbours'', ''Dollhouse'' *Anthony LaPaglia - ''Without a Trace'' *Jonathan LaPaglia - '' Seven Days'', ''The District'' *Glenn McMillan - '' Wonderland'' *Ben Oxenbould - '' Hey Dad..!'' *Teresa Palmer - ''December Boys'', ''I Am Number Four'' *Lois Ramsey - ''Road to Nhill'', ''Home and Away'' *Xavier Samuel - '' The Twilight Saga: Eclipse'' *Hugh Sheridan - ''Packed to the Rafters'' *Sarah Snook - '' Succession''; Golden Globe winner * *Sonia Todd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1949 Births
Events January * January 1 – A United Nations-sponsored ceasefire brings an end to the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947. The war results in a stalemate and the division of Kashmir, which still continues as of 2022. * January 2 – Luis Muñoz Marín becomes the first democratically elected Governor of Puerto Rico. * January 11 – The first "networked" television broadcasts take place, as KDKA-TV in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania goes on the air, connecting east coast and mid-west programming in the United States. * January 16 – Şemsettin Günaltay forms the new government of Turkey. It is the 18th government, last One-party state, single party government of the Republican People's Party. * January 17 – The first Volkswagen Beetle, VW Type 1 to arrive in the United States, a 1948 model, is brought to New York City, New York by Dutch businessman Ben Pon Sr., Ben Pon. Unable to interest dealers or importers in the Volkswagen, Pon sells the sample car to pay his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
