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RoadXML
RoadXML is an open file format for the road networks description used by driving simulators. Overview RoadXML was initiated to contribute to road network format standardization in order to enhance the interoperability between simulators. It is the outcome of the compilation of several original formats (GRS, RNS/RS, RND) developed in 1994 by academic and industrial partners: INRETS, Oktal, PSA Peugeot Citroën, Renault, Thales. RoadXML offers a multi layer description of the environment for fast data access for real time applications. Here are the four main layers of information: * Topological: element’s location and connections with the rest of the network. * Logical: element’s signification in a road environment. * Physical: element’s properties (road surface or obstacles). * Visual: element’s geometry and 3D representation. History Until its 2.0 version, RoadXML was called RND (for Road Network Description): * The version 1.0 was released in 2007 and used by P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RoadXML Logo
RoadXML is an open file format for the road networks description used by driving simulators. Overview RoadXML was initiated to contribute to road network format standardization in order to enhance the interoperability between simulators. It is the outcome of the compilation of several original formats (GRS, RNS/RS, RND) developed in 1994 by academic and industrial partners: INRETS, Oktal, PSA Peugeot Citroën, Renault, Thales. RoadXML offers a multi layer description of the environment for fast data access for real time applications. Here are the four main layers of information: * Topological: element’s location and connections with the rest of the network. * Logical: element’s signification in a road environment. * Physical: element’s properties (road surface or obstacles). * Visual: element’s geometry and 3D representation. History Until its 2.0 version, RoadXML was called RND (for Road Network Description): * The version 1.0 was released in 2007 and used by P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
OpenDRIVE (specification)
ASAM OpenDRIVE is an open format specification to describe a road network's logic. Its objective is to standardize the logical road description between different driving simulators. The initial release of ASAM OpenDRIVE was version 0.7 in 2005, as of November 2023 the current release is version 1.8.0. Overview OpenDRIVE files describe road networks with respect to the data belonging to the road environment. They do not describe the entities acting on or interacting with the road. The OpenDRIVE data is made available to e.g. Vehicle Dynamics and Traffic Simulation via a layer of routines for the evaluation of the information contained in the OpenDRIVE file. The OpenDRIVE standard is reviewed and released by a team of driving simulation experts. With the publication in 2006 members of BMW Forschung und Technik GmbH, Daimler AG, German Aerospace Center, DLR e.V., Fraunhofer Society, Fraunhofer-Institut IVI, Krauss-Maffei Wegmann GmbH & Co. KG, Rheinmetal Defence Electronics GmbH a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
OpenDocument
The Open Document Format for Office Applications (ODF), also known as OpenDocument, is an open file format for word processing documents, spreadsheets, presentations and graphics and using ZIP-compressed XML files. It was developed with the aim of providing an open, XML-based file format specification for office applications. It is also the default format for documents in typical Linux distributions. The standard is developed and maintained by a technical committee in the Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS) consortium. It was based on the Sun Microsystems specification for OpenOffice.org XML, the default format for OpenOffice.org and LibreOffice. It was originally developed for StarOffice "to provide an open standard for office documents." In addition to being an OASIS standard, it is published as an ISO/IEC international standard ISO/IEC 26300 Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument). In 2021 the current ve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Open Format
An open file format is a file format for storing digital data, defined by an openly published specification usually maintained by a standards organization, and which can be used and implemented by anyone. Open file format is licensed with open license. For example, an open format can be implemented by both proprietary and free and open-source software, using the typical software licenses used by each. In contrast to open file formats, closed file formats are considered trade secrets. However, the actual image used by an open file format may still be copyrighted or trademarked. Depending on the definition, the specification of an open format may require a fee to access or, very rarely, contain other restrictions. The range of meanings is similar to that of the term open standard. Specific definitions Sun Microsystems Sun Microsystems defined the criteria for open formats as follows: [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Driving Simulator
Driving simulators are used for entertainment as well as in training of driver's education courses taught in educational institutions and private businesses. They are also used for research purposes in the area of human factors and medical research, to monitor driver behavior, performance, and attention and in the car industry to design and evaluate new vehicles or new advanced driver assistance systems. Training Driving simulators are being increasingly used for training drivers. Versions exist for cars, trucks, buses, etc. Uses * Novice driver training and testing * Professional driver training and testing * Training in critical driving conditions * Testing the effects of impairment on driver performance * Analysis of the driver behaviours * Analysis of driver responses * Evaluating user performances in different conditions (handling of controls) * Assessing fitness to drive for aging drivers * Testing future in-vehicle technologies on drivers or passengers (Human -Machine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Institut National De Recherche Sur Les Transports Et Leur Sécurité
Institut national de recherche sur les transports et leur sécurité (INRETS) is the former French national institute for transport and safety research. INRETS and the LCPC (the French Central Laboratory of Roads and Bridges) have been merged since January 2011 to form a new research institute: IFSTTAR (the French Institute for Sciences and Technologies of Transport, Planning and Networks). Research area INRETS research roadmap includes the following areas: *Safety of people transportation systems ** Health and road safety (epidemiology, accident, biomechanics, psychology and sociology of human behavior) ** Public policies on risk ** Technology and human factors: human-machine cooperation *Innovative transportation systems ** Mobility of people, lifestyles, territories (analysis of mobility, acceptability and conditions change, networks and regional planning) ** Goods transportation ** Traffic management systems and network optimisation methods *Reliability and sustainabili ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
PSA Peugeot Citroën
The PSA Group (), legally known as Peugeot S.A. (Peugeot Société Anonyme, trading as Groupe PSA; formerly known as PSA Peugeot Citroën from 1991 to 2016) was a French multinational automotive manufacturing company which produced automobiles and motorcycles under the Peugeot, Citroën, DS, Opel and Vauxhall brands. On 18 December 2019, PSA and Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (FCA) announced that they had agreed to the terms of a binding $50 billion merger. On 16 July 2020, both companies announced the new name for their merged operations, Stellantis. The deal closed on 16 January 2021. Stellantis is now the third largest automotive manufacturing company, behind only Volkswagen and Toyota. Peugeot was the largest PSA brand. PSA was listed on the Euronext Paris stock exchange and was a constituent of the CAC 40 index. Beginning in 2016, PSA began to outline a strategy which entailed the rapid expansion of the company, through both geographic expansion and acquisitions of other car ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Renault
Groupe Renault ( , , , also known as the Renault Group in English; legally Renault S.A.) is a French multinational automobile manufacturer established in 1899. The company produces a range of cars and vans, and in the past has manufactured trucks, tractors, tanks, buses/coaches, aircraft and aircraft engines, and autorail vehicles. According to the Organisation Internationale des Constructeurs d'Automobiles, in 2016 Renault was the ninth biggest automaker in the world by production volume. By 2017, the Renault–Nissan–Mitsubishi Alliance had become the world's biggest seller of light vehicles. Headquartered in Boulogne-Billancourt, near Paris, the Renault group is made up of the namesake Renault marque and subsidiaries, Alpine, Renault Sport (Gordini), Automobile Dacia from Romania, and Renault Samsung Motors from South Korea. Renault has a 43.4% stake with several votes in Nissan of Japan, and used to have a 1.55% stake in Daimler AG of Germany, it was sold off in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thales Group
Thales Group () is a French multinational company that designs, develops and manufactures electrical systems as well as devices and equipment for the aerospace, defence, transportation and security sectors. The company is headquartered in Paris' business district, La Défense, and its stock is listed on the Euronext Paris. Having been known as Thomson-CSF since its foundation in 1968, the company was rebranded ''Thales'' (named after the Greek philosopher Thales and pronounced , reflecting its pronunciation in French) in December 2000. A communication audit, launched in spring that year, highlighted Thomson-CSF's image deficit, particularly among the young French graduates it was seeking to recruit. The wish to liven up its image as well as the expansion of its business worldwide were cited among the reasons for the change. Thales is partially owned by the French State and operates in more than 56 countries. It had 80,000 employees and generated €18.4 billion in revenues in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Open Format
An open file format is a file format for storing digital data, defined by an openly published specification usually maintained by a standards organization, and which can be used and implemented by anyone. Open file format is licensed with open license. For example, an open format can be implemented by both proprietary and free and open-source software, using the typical software licenses used by each. In contrast to open file formats, closed file formats are considered trade secrets. However, the actual image used by an open file format may still be copyrighted or trademarked. Depending on the definition, the specification of an open format may require a fee to access or, very rarely, contain other restrictions. The range of meanings is similar to that of the term open standard. Specific definitions Sun Microsystems Sun Microsystems defined the criteria for open formats as follows: [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Open Source
Open source is source code that is made freely available for possible modification and redistribution. Products include permission to use the source code, design documents, or content of the product. The open-source model is a decentralized software development model that encourages open collaboration. A main principle of open-source software development is peer production, with products such as source code, blueprints, and documentation freely available to the public. The open-source movement in software began as a response to the limitations of proprietary code. The model is used for projects such as in open-source appropriate technology, and open-source drug discovery. Open source promotes universal access via an open-source or free license to a product's design or blueprint, and universal redistribution of that design or blueprint. Before the phrase ''open source'' became widely adopted, developers and producers have used a variety of other terms. ''Open source'' gained ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SourceForge
SourceForge is a web service that offers software consumers a centralized online location to control and manage open-source software projects and research business software. It provides source code repository hosting, bug tracking, mirroring of downloads for load balancing, a wiki for documentation, developer and user mailing lists, user-support forums, user-written reviews and ratings, a news bulletin, micro-blog for publishing project updates, and other features. SourceForge was one of the first to offer this service free of charge to open-source projects. Since 2012, the website has run on Apache Allura software. SourceForge offers free hosting and free access to tools for developers of free and open-source software. , the SourceForge repository claimed to host more than 502,000 projects and had more than 3.7 million registered users. Concept SourceForge is a web-based source code repository. It acts as a centralized location for free and open-source software pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
