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Reproductive Loss
Reproductive loss, sometimes reproductive grief, describes a potential emotional response to unsuccessful attempts at human reproduction or family-building. These experienced losses may include involuntary childlessness generally, pregnancy loss from all causes (including ectopic pregnancy, spontaneous abortion, induced abortion, and traumatic injury), perinatal death, stillbirth, infecundity and infertility from all causes (including voluntary, coerced or accidental sterilization, and post-menopausal infertility), failed attempts to conceive, failed fertility treatments, failed gestational surrogacy procedures, and losses related to all dimensions of the adoption process. Responses to miscarriage, stillbirth, selective reduction and neonatal death are a subtype of reproductive loss called perinatal bereavement. Reproductive loss is categorized as a non-definite loss that elicits as unique grief response and can be prone to social grief disenfranchisement. Responses to reproduc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Childlessness
Childlessness is the state of not having children. Childlessness may have personal, social or political significance. Childlessness, which may be by choice or circumstance, is distinguished from voluntary childlessness, which is voluntarily having no children, and from antinatalism, wherein childlessness is promoted. Types Types of childlessness can be classified into several categories: * ''natural sterility'' randomly affects individuals. One can think of it as the minimum level of permanent childlessness that we can observe in any given society, and is of the order of 2 percent, in line with data from the Hutterites, a group established as the demographic standard in the 1950s. * ''social sterility'', which one can also call poverty driven childlessness, or endogenous sterility, describes the situation of poor women whose fecundity has been affected by poor living conditions. * people who are childless by circumstance. These people can be childless because they have not met ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental and behavioral disorder that can develop because of exposure to a traumatic event, such as sexual assault, warfare, traffic collisions, child abuse, domestic violence, or other threats on a person's life. Symptoms may include disturbing thoughts, feelings, or dreams related to the events, mental or physical distress to trauma-related cues, attempts to avoid trauma-related cues, alterations in the way a person thinks and feels, and an increase in the fight-or-flight response. These symptoms last for more than a month after the event. Young children are less likely to show distress but instead may express their memories through play. A person with PTSD is at a higher risk of suicide and intentional self-harm. Most people who experience traumatic events do not develop PTSD. People who experience interpersonal violence such as rape, other sexual assaults, being kidnapped, stalking, physical abuse by an intimate partner, an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gender Disappointment
Gender disappointment is the feeling of sadness parents experience when the desire for a child of a preferred sex is not met. It can create feelings of shame which cannot always be expressed openly. It is often noticed in cultures where women are viewed as of a lower status and the preferred choice is for a male infant, i.e. son preference. It may result in sex-selective killing, or the neglection of female children. Gender disappointment can occur before or after giving birth. It has been questioned whether it can be considered a unique mental illness or whether it should be linked to other mental disorders, like depression (e.g. postpartum depression) or adjustment disorders. Its treatment can be complex since a particular pathway to recovery has not yet been defined. Nonetheless, there are some treatments available that have been shown to be successful. Theories A number of theories exist via which gender disappointment is generally explained: the gender discrimination theo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mizuko Kuyō
meaning "water child memorial service", is a Japanese Buddhist ceremony for those who have had a miscarriage, stillbirth, or abortion. It is also practiced in Thailand and China. This practice has become particularly visible since the 1970s with the creation of shrines devoted solely to this ritual. Reasons for the performance of these rites can include parental grief, desire to comfort the soul of the fetus, guilt for an abortion, or even fear of retribution from a vengeful ghost. Mizuko , literally "water child", is a Japanese term for an aborted, stillborn or miscarried baby, and archaically for a dead baby or infant. ''Kuyō'' (供養) refers to a memorial service. Previously read ''suiji'', the Sino-Japanese ''on'yomi'' reading of the same characters, the term was originally a ''kaimyō'' or dharma name given after death. The ''mizuko kuyō,'' typically performed by Buddhist priests, was used to make offerings to Jizō, a bodhisattva who is believed to protect children. I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shidu (bereavement)
''Shidu'' () is a phenomenon denoting the loss of a parent's only child. The parents who have lost their only child are known as ''shidu fumu'' (), or simply as shidu parents or shiduers. Impact Trends As a result of the one-child policy, the number of shidu parents is expected to increase in China over the coming years. According to official figures, there have been at least one million families who lost their only child since the implementation of the one-child policy to the end of 2010 and it is expected to rise with 76,000 per year. Issues In a society where parents rely on their children for looking after them in old age, this phenomenon may have devastating effects to many shidu parents. Many shidu parents suffer from psychological problems and financial difficulties after losing their only child. In 2013, the China National Committee on Ageing reported that between 70 and 80 percent of shidu parents have suffered psychological trauma, in which half of these people are also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miscarriage And Grief
Miscarriage and grief are both an event and subsequent process of grieving that develops in response to a miscarriage. Almost all those experiencing a miscarriage experience grief. This event is often considered to be identical to the death of a child and has been described as traumatic. But the vast majority of those who have suffered both have said they are nothing alike. They describe losing a child as being in a category of its own when it comes to grief.Lok, I. H., & Neugebauer, R. (2007). Psychological morbidity following miscarriage. Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 21(2), 229-247. "Devastation" is another descriptor of miscarriage. Grief differs from the emotion sadness. Sadness is an emotion along with grief, on the other hand, is a response to the loss of the bond or affection was formed and is a process rather than one single emotional response. Grief is not equivalent to depression. Grief also has physical, cognitive, behavioral, social, cu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reproductive Privilege
Reproductive privilege is a form of social privilege that describes people who have been able to regenerate themselves biologically and produce new generations with an unremarkable level of difficulty. People with a reproductive disadvantage (including those with infertility, recurrent miscarriages, involuntary childlessness, or other forms of reproductive loss or lack) use the term in reference to the variant levels of ease or difficulty with which people can become/stay pregnant and carry to term (if female) or father a living child (if male). The concept of reproductive difference is controversial and discussion of reproductive privilege is fraught with the social and sociological conflicts that are common to public discourse about children and families. The concept of reproductive privilege, like the related concept of ableism, identifies a human capacity that many take for granted but that is not universally accessible. Reproduction is limited to people with certain bodies, at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
An Exact Replica Of A Figment Of My Imagination
''An Exact Replica of a Figment of My Imagination'' is a 2008 memoir by the novelist Elizabeth McCracken of a full-term pregnancy that ended in a stillbirth. Maureen Corrigan of NPR's '' Fresh Air'' named it one of the best books of 2008, about a "nightmare that hasn't been quite categorized." '' Time'''s Lev Grossman wrote that reading ''Replica'' is a "mysteriously enlarging experience" and that it is "the funniest book about a dead baby that you will ever read." ''People'' magazine noted the rarity of records of such experiences: "In the annals of grief memoirs, stillbirth stories don't figure big. How much is there to say, after all, about a baby who never drew breath? McCracken, who was days from her due date when her doctor failed to find a heartbeat, knows how much." The '' New York Times'' reviewer, who had apparently experienced something similar, wrote of ''Replica'', "the author also applies honesty, wisdom and even wit to a painful event." Kirkus Reviews noted ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Ford Hospital (painting)
''Henry Ford Hospital'' is a 1932 oil-on-metal painting by the Mexican artist Frida Kahlo about her experience of delivering a dead male fetus on 4 July at Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit, Michigan, United States, when she was approximately 3 months pregnant. Depictions of childbirth, abortion, or miscarriage are rare in the canon of Western painting, and Kahlo is "one of the only major artists to directly communicate her reproductive grief through visual art." The "bloody and terrifying" painting opened a defining and influential era of Kahlo's career. The painting's first title was ''The Lost Desire''. An alternate title is ''The Flying Bed'' (''La Cama Volando''). Pregnancy and loss Frida Kahlo had a complicated obstetric/gynecological medical history. She survived a catastrophic traffic accident in which her pelvis had been broken and her vagina had been pierced by a metal bar. She likely had uterine scarring. She also had post-polio symptoms; her father had epilepsy, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Private Life (2018 Film)
''Private Life'' is a 2018 American comedy-drama film written and directed by Tamara Jenkins, and starring, Paul Giamatti and Kathryn Hahn, with Kayli Carter, Molly Shannon, John Carroll Lynch, Desmin Borges, and Denis O'Hare in supporting roles. The film focuses on Richard and Rachel, a middle-aged married couple of New York City creatives, who are desperately trying to have a child by any means possible. The film had its world premiere on January 18 at the Sundance Film Festival. It was released on October 5, 2018, by Netflix. Plot Richard and Rachel are a middle-aged couple desperately trying to have a child. After multiple failed attempts at artificial insemination, they attempt in vitro fertilisation. The couple learn that Richard has a blockage that is not letting him produce sperm, forcing him to undergo a surgery that puts him $10,000 in debt to his brother Charlie and his wife Cynthia. At the same time they are also attempting to adopt a child after connecting with a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Up Opening Sequence
The opening sequence to the 2009 Disney- Pixar film '' Up'' (sometimes referred to as "Married Life" after the accompanying instrumental piece, the ''Up'' montage, or including the rest of the prologue The First 10 Minutes of ''Up'') has become known as a cultural milestone and a key element to the film's success. While the core concept of the film was to have a house float into the sky with balloons, the filmmakers needed a rationale for why a character would do such a thing. Their solution was to show the entirety of a married couple's relationship from the first day they met to the day the wife died. They envisioned it as a wordless montage that would play like a series of Polaroid home movies. Director Pete Docter always felt that an expository sequence to open the film was important because if the viewers do not love the characters, "then hey'renot along for the ride." In an early draft of the Ellie-Carl meeting, Carl is trying to capture a bird with a trap and Ellie punches ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yale Divinity School
Yale Divinity School (YDS) is one of the twelve graduate and professional schools of Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut. Congregationalist theological education was the motivation at the founding of Yale, and the professional school has its roots in a Theological Department established in 1822. The school had maintained its own campus, faculty, and degree program since 1869, and it has become more ecumenical beginning in the mid-19th century. Since the 1970s, it has been affiliated with the Episcopal Berkeley Divinity School and has housed the Institute of Sacred Music, which offers separate degree programs. In July 2017, a two-year process of formal affiliation was completed, with the addition of Andover Newton Seminary joining the school. Over 40 different denominations are represented at YDS. History Theological education was the earliest academic purpose of Yale University. When Yale College was founded in 1701, it was as a college of religious training for Congr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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