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Reis-class Submarine
The ''Reis''-class submarines are a group of six license built submarines based on the Type 214 submarine for the Turkish Navy. Project history On 28 December 2006, the Undersecretariat for Defence Industries of the Turkish Ministry of National Defense issued a request for proposal, which was revised on 12 July 2007. By 22 November 2007, companies such as the DCNS of France, Navantia of Spain, and a German/British consortium consisting of Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft GmbH (HDW) and Marine Force International LLP (MFI) had submitted proposals. After completing the evaluation process, the decision was announced on 22 July 2008 to start contract negotiations first with HDW/MFI. By August 2008, the negotiations started. The diesel-electric Type 214 submarine of ThyssenKrupp featuring an air-independent propulsion (AIP) system was selected, and the program begin was set to early 2009. The contract between the Turkish Undersecretariat for Defence Industries and the HDW/MFI consorti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gölcük Naval Shipyard
Gölcük Naval Shipyard ( tr, Gölcük Donanma Tersanesi) is a naval shipyard of the Turkish Navy within the Gölcük Naval Base on the east coast of the Sea of Marmara in Gölcük, Kocaeli. Established in 1926, the shipyard serves for the building and the maintenance of military vessels. A total of 3,221 personnel are employed at the shipyard stretching over an area of with covered structures of . History To repair the war damages of the Turkish SMS Goeben, TCG ''Yavuz'' after World War I, a floating drydock, large enough to hold the big vessel, was needed. The site chosen was Gölcük on the southern shore of the Gulf of İzmit. With the construction of the floating drydoc ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
TÜBİTAK Defense Industries Research And Development Institute
TÜBİTAK Defense Industries Research and Development Institute ( tr, TÜBİTAK Savunma Sanayii Araştırma ve Geliştirme Enstitüsü), shortly TÜBİTAK SAGE, is a Turkish institution carrying out research and development projects on defense industry technology. It was established in 1972 at Beşevler neighborhood in central Ankara under the name "Guided Vehicles Technology and Measurement Center" (Güdümlü Araçlar Teknoloji ve Ölçüm Merkezi, GATÖM) by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey ( tr, Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu, TÜBİTAK). In 1983, the institution was renamed to "Ballistics Research Institute" (Balistik Araştırma Enstitüsü, BAE), and finally in 1988 it took its current name. The organization conducts research and development activities to meet the needs of the Turkish Armed Forces and national defense industry. SAGE moved in 1993 to its new location in Lalahan village of Elmadağ district, northeast of Ankar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Submarine Classes
A submarine (or sub) is a watercraft capable of independent operation underwater. It differs from a submersible, which has more limited underwater capability. The term is also sometimes used historically or colloquially to refer to remotely operated vehicles and robots, as well as medium-sized or smaller vessels, such as the midget submarine and the wet sub. Submarines are referred to as ''boats'' rather than ''ships'' irrespective of their size. Although experimental submarines had been built earlier, submarine design took off during the 19th century, and they were adopted by several navies. They were first widely used during World War I (1914–1918), and are now used in many navies, large and small. Military uses include attacking enemy surface ships (merchant and military) or other submarines, and for aircraft carrier protection, blockade running, nuclear deterrence, reconnaissance, conventional land attack (for example, using a cruise missile), and covert insertion of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hürriyet Daily News
The ''Hürriyet Daily News'', formerly ''Hürriyet Daily News and Economic Review'' and ''Turkish Daily News'', is the oldest current English-language daily in Turkey, founded in 1961. The paper was bought by the Doğan Media Group in 2001 and has been under the media group's flagship ''Hürriyet'' from 2006; both papers were sold to Demirören Holding in 2018. Ideology ''Hürriyet Daily News'' has generally taken a secular and liberal or centre-left position on most political issues, in contrast to Turkey's other main English-language daily, the '' Daily Sabah'', which is closely aligned with the Justice and Development Party of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan. Another conservative competitor, the Gülen movement-run '' Today's Zaman'', was shut down by the government following the 2016 Turkish coup d'état attempt. In May 2018, the new Erdoğan-aligned owners appointed a new editor and publisher and stated that they intended to run the paper as an independent, non-partisan voice, in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anadolu Agency
Anadolu Agency ( tr, Anadolu Ajansı, ; abbreviated AA) is a state-run news agency headquartered in Ankara, Turkey. History The Anadolu Agency was founded in 1920 during the Turkish War of Independence by the order of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk. As the empire's capital – İstanbul – was under the caliph's control, all newspapers were also under the caliph's rule along with British occupiers, and it was necessary for the revolutionary government to establish a communication and news network for Anatolia and Rumeli. Journalist Yunus Nadi Abalıoğlu and writer Halide Edip, fleeing the occupied capital, met in Geyve and concluded that a new Turkish press agency was needed. The agency was officially launched on April 6, 1920, 17 days before the Turkish Grand National Assembly convened for the first time. It announced the first legislation passed by the Assembly, which established the Republic of Turkey. After the Justice and Development Party (AKP) took power, AA and the Turkish R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daily Sabah
The ''Daily Sabah'' (lit. "Daily Morning") is a Turkish pro-government daily, published in Turkey. Available in English, Arabic, and owned by Turkuvaz Media Group, ''Daily Sabah'' published its first issue on 24 February 2014. The editor-in-chief is Ibrahim Altay. The newspaper has been frequently called a propaganda outlet for the Turkish government and the ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP). It is owned by a friend of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan. History The ''Daily Sabah'' was established in 2014 when a highly-antagonistic political climate reigned in Turkish politics. After the conflict in December 2013 between the Gulen movement, a religious civil society organization with some political aspirations, and the ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP), the Gulen movement's ''Today's Zaman'' turned into an ardent critic of the ruling AKP. To balance the critical discourse against the AKP by ''Today's Zaman'' and ''Hürriyet Daily News'', a secular critic of the AKP, ''Dail ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
STM 500
The STM 500 is a Turkish mini submarine of the 500-tonne class under construction since 2022. The shallow-water diesel-electric submarine is being built by Turkish Defense Company STM with completion of the first vessel not expected until 2026. , the customer for the project had not yet been publicly released. History The STM-500 was announced in 2021 at the 10th Naval Systems Seminar in August 2021 as a lower cost and more cost effective subsurface warfare option. Construction began in 2022. It is expected to require four years to complete construction, and up to six years to fully complete the project. Description The STM-500 will displace approximately 500 tonnes, have a crew of 18, and be able to transport a squad of 6 special forces personnel. It is being designed to have an endurance of 30 days and a maximum dive depth of 250 meters. ;Specifications Specifications as of 2022 include: * Displacement: 485 tonnes surfaced, 540 tonnes submerged * Length: Beam: * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fuel Cell
A fuel cell is an electrochemical cell that converts the chemical energy of a fuel (often hydrogen) and an oxidizing agent (often oxygen) into electricity through a pair of redox reactions. Fuel cells are different from most batteries in requiring a continuous source of fuel and oxygen (usually from air) to sustain the chemical reaction, whereas in a battery the chemical energy usually comes from substances that are already present in the battery. Fuel cells can produce electricity continuously for as long as fuel and oxygen are supplied. The first fuel cells were invented by Sir William Grove in 1838. The first commercial use of fuel cells came more than a century later following the invention of the hydrogen–oxygen fuel cell by Francis Thomas Bacon in 1932. The alkaline fuel cell, also known as the Bacon fuel cell after its inventor, has been used in NASA space programs since the mid-1960s to generate power for satellites and space capsules. Since then, fuel cells have b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Selman Reis
Selman Reis was an Ottoman admiral and former corsair who was active in the Mamluk Navy of Egypt and later in the Ottoman Navy against the Portuguese in the first half of the 16th century. Selman Reis was originally from the Aegean island of Lesbos. ''The Ottoman Age of Exploration'' Giancarlo Casale p.39/ref> Mercenary for the Mamluk regime Selman Reis entered the service of the Mamluks, and led a group of 2,000 Levantines, against the wishes of the Ottoman Sultan Selim I. ''The Ottoman Age of Exploration'' Giancarlo Casale p.32/ref> Following the disruption of the spice trade between India and Mamluk Egypt by the Portuguese, Selman Reis led a Mamluk fleet of 19 ships into the Indian Ocean in 1515. He left Suez leading the fleet on 30 September 1515. ''An Economic and Social History of the Ottoman Empire, Volume 1'' by Halil İnalcik p.321''ff''/ref> The fleet also included 3,000 men, 1,300 of whom were Turkish soldiers. The fleet built a fortress in Kamaran, but failed to tak ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seydi Ali Reis
Seydi Ali Reis (1498–1563), formerly also written Sidi Ali Reis and Sidi Ali Ben Hossein, was an Ottoman admiral and navigator. Known also as Katib-i Rumi, Galatalı or Sidi Ali Çelebi,Danışan, Gaye. 2019. “A Sixteenth-Century Ottoman Compendium of Astronomical Instruments: Seydi Ali’s Mirʾat-ı Kâinat.” In ''Scientific Instruments between East and West'', edited by Neil Brown ''et al.'', 1–15. Leiden: Brill. he commanded the left wing of the Ottoman fleet at the naval Battle of Preveza in 1538. He was later promoted to the rank of fleet admiral of the Ottoman fleet in the Indian Ocean, and as such, encountered the Portuguese forces based in the Indian city of Goa on several occasions in 1554. Seydi was able to unite several Muslim countries on the coast of the Arabian Sea (such as the Makran Kingdom, Gujarat Sultanate and Adal Sultanate) against the Portuguese. He is famous today for his books of travel such as the '' Mir'ât ül Memâlik'' (The Mirror of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aydın Reis
Aydın Reis (died 1535) was an Ottoman admiral, known to the Spanish as "Cachidiablo" and to the Italians as "Cacciadiavolo." Early years He was a Turk from the Karaman Province, Central Anatolia (modern Turkey). In the late 15th century he was the subordinate of Kemal Reis, the most important sea man of the Ottoman Empire during the reign of Beyazid II. He took service under Ottoman Empire as a captain. He then worked in Egypt under Mamluk rule and after the death of Kemal Reis in 1511, he sailed to Barbary coast (North West Africa) to attend the forces of Oruç Reis, an Ottoman privater who had established his own state. He took part in the conquest of Algiers in 1516. After the death of Oruç Reis in 1518, Oruç's brother Hayreddin Barbarossa voluntarily accepted the suzerainty of the Ottoman sultan Selim I . So Aydın Reis returned to Ottoman service. Battle of Formentera One of the most important projects of the Ottoman Empire in the early 16th century was evacuation a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Murat Reis The Elder
Murat Reis the Elder ( tr, Koca Murat Reis; sq, Murat Reis Plaku 1534 – 1609) was an Ottoman privateer and admiral, who served in the Ottoman Navy. He is regarded as one of the most important Barbary corsairs. Early career Born into an Albanian family on Rhodes in 1534 he began his career when he joined the crew of Turgut Reis at a very young age. He also fought alongside Piri Reis in several expeditions. In 1534 Murat Reis accompanied Hayreddin Barbarossa Pasha to Constantinople where they were received by Suleiman I and appointed to take command of the Ottoman fleet. While in Constantinople, Murat Reis participated in the construction of new warships at the naval arsenal on the Golden Horn. Battle of Preveza Murat Reis took part in all of the early naval campaigns of Turgut Reis. On September 25 and 26, 1538, he was assigned with the task of preventing the ships of the Holy League under the command of Andrea Doria from landing at Preveza, and he successfully rep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
