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Reality Simulations
Reality Simulations Incorporated (RSI) is a game company in Tempe, Arizona, USA, that publishes and runs play-by-mail games. History Founded by Paul W. Brown III and Charles Kraver in 1984, the company runs several commercial play-by-mail (PBM) games, including '' Duel2'' (previously called ''Duelmasters''), '' Hyborian War'', first published in 1985, and '' Forgotten Realms: War of the Avatars''. The company previously ran the PBM games ''The Next Empire'', initially published by Cyborg Games, and '' Alamaze'', initially published by Pegasus Productions. The company stated in 1993 that there were over 3,000 people playing RSI PBM games, which included, at the time, ''Duelmasters'', ''Hyborian War'', and ''The Next Empire''. In the Nov/Dec 1996 issue of ''Paper Mayhem'' magazine, RSI tied for third place in its list of the Best PBM companies of 1996. List of games * '' Duel2'' * '' Hyborian War'' * '' Forgotten Realms: War of the Avatars'' See also * List of play-by-mail game ...
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Privately-held
A privately held company (or simply a private company) is a company whose shares and related rights or obligations are not offered for public subscription or publicly negotiated in their respective listed markets. Instead, the company's stock is offered, owned, traded or exchanged privately, also known as "over-the-counter". Related terms are unlisted organisation, unquoted company and private equity. Private companies are often less well-known than their publicly traded counterparts but still have major importance in the world's economy. For example, in 2008, the 441 largest private companies in the United States accounted for $1.8 trillion in revenues and employed 6.2 million people, according to ''Forbes''. In general, all companies that are not owned by the government are classified as private enterprises. This definition encompasses both publicly traded and privately held companies, as their investors are individuals. State, private, and cooperative ownership Private ...
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Play-by-mail Game
A play-by-mail game (also known as a PBM game, PBEM game, turn-based game, turn based distance game, or an interactive strategy game.) is a game played through postal mail, email, or other digital media. Correspondence chess and Go (game), Go were among the first PBM games. ''Diplomacy (board game), Diplomacy'' has been played by mail since 1963, introducing a multi-player aspect to PBM games. Flying Buffalo Inc. pioneered the first commercially available PBM game in 1970. A small number of PBM companies followed in the 1970s, with an explosion of hundreds of startup PBM companies in the 1980s at the peak of PBM gaming popularity, many of them small hobby companies—more than 90 percent of which eventually folded. A number of independent PBM magazines also started in the 1980s, including ''The Nuts & Bolts of PBM'', ''Gaming Universal'', ''Paper Mayhem'' and ''Flagship (magazine), Flagship''. These magazines eventually went out of print, replaced in the 21st century by the online ...
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Tempe, Arizona
Tempe ( ; ''Oidbaḍ'' in O'odham language, O'odham) is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, United States, with the Census Bureau reporting a 2020 population of 180,587. The city is named after the Vale of Tempe in Greece. Tempe is located in the East Valley (Phoenix metropolitan area), East Valley section of Phoenix metropolitan area, metropolitan Phoenix; it is bordered by Phoenix, Arizona, Phoenix and Guadalupe, Arizona, Guadalupe on the west, Scottsdale, Arizona, Scottsdale and the Salt River Pima–Maricopa Indian Community on the north, Chandler, Arizona, Chandler on the south, and Mesa, Arizona, Mesa on the east. Tempe is the location of the main campus of Arizona State University. History The Hohokam lived in this area and built canals to support their agriculture. They abandoned their settlements during the 15th century, with a few individuals and families remaining nearby. Fort McDowell, Arizona, Fort McDowell was established approximately northeast of present dow ...
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Hyborian War
''Hyborian War'' is a play-by-mail game published by Reality Simulations, Reality Simulations, Inc. It takes place during the Hyborian Age in the world of Conan the Barbarian created by Robert E. Howard. The game has been continuously available for worldwide play since its inception in 1985 and has changed little in its overall format. It uses a computer program to adjudicate player orders. Although it relies on postal mail or email and has turnaround times which are relatively long for the digital age of video games, ''Hyborian War'' has remained active into the 21st century. The game is set within the heroic fantasy genre, also known as sword and sorcery. The central figure is Conan of Cimmeria (Conan), Cimmeria, appearing in the game as a wandering hero whom players can employ until fortune takes him elsewhere. Game designer Edward Schoonover wove multiple aspects of Howard's stories into ''Hyborian War'' including diverse landscapes and cultures, grand armies, large-scale bat ...
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Play-by-mail Game
A play-by-mail game (also known as a PBM game, PBEM game, turn-based game, turn based distance game, or an interactive strategy game.) is a game played through postal mail, email, or other digital media. Correspondence chess and Go (game), Go were among the first PBM games. ''Diplomacy (board game), Diplomacy'' has been played by mail since 1963, introducing a multi-player aspect to PBM games. Flying Buffalo Inc. pioneered the first commercially available PBM game in 1970. A small number of PBM companies followed in the 1970s, with an explosion of hundreds of startup PBM companies in the 1980s at the peak of PBM gaming popularity, many of them small hobby companies—more than 90 percent of which eventually folded. A number of independent PBM magazines also started in the 1980s, including ''The Nuts & Bolts of PBM'', ''Gaming Universal'', ''Paper Mayhem'' and ''Flagship (magazine), Flagship''. These magazines eventually went out of print, replaced in the 21st century by the online ...
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Duel2
''Duel II'' (also known as ''DUEL2''), formerly ''Duelmasters'', is a play-by-mail game run by Reality Simulations, Inc. (RSI), where players, called managers, design and run up to five warriors per team against other managers. The game, originally titled ''Gladiators'', and later changed to ''Duelmasters'' before settling on its current name of ''Duel II'', has been running since at least 1985. It has been cited by Greg Lindahl's PBM page as one that is most talked about and has been a standard against which other gladiatorial PBM games have been measured. It is credited with inspiring at least one online gladiator game called Gladiator. One of the earliest examples of a massively multi-player role playing computer program, ''Duel II'' turns feature fight results, a newsletter with standings, personal ads, and team spotlights. Players contribute to newsletters in the form of musings, insults, and fiction. Gameplay alternates between tournaments, held about every 3 months, an ...
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Paper Mayhem
''Paper Mayhem'' is an out-of-print play-by-mail (PBM) game magazine that was published in Ottawa, Illinois. The staff published the initial issue in July 1983 and the magazine ran until mid-1998. Its format was 40 pages published six times per year.#Moo88, Moore 1988. p. 4. The magazine was the most well-known of the play-by-mail periodicals of the period, providing articles and reviews of play-by-mail games, as well as reader-informed ratings of play-by-mail companies, game masters (GMs) and games, both intermittently and on an annual basis. The magazine, along with its long-time editor-in-chief, David Webber, was influential in the play-by-mail community, even echoing into 21st century play-by-mail activities. The publication ceased suddenly in mid-1998 following the unexpected death of Webber. History Rick Loomis of the game company Flying Buffalo, Inc. stated that, after the early 1970s, the play-by-mail community had sufficient interest to support only two magazines: ''Pap ...
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War Of The Avatars
War is an armed conflict between the armed forces of states, or between governmental forces and armed groups that are organized under a certain command structure and have the capacity to sustain military operations, or between such organized groups. It is generally characterized by widespread violence, destruction, and mortality, using regular or irregular military forces. ''Warfare'' refers to the common activities and characteristics of types of war, or of wars in general. Total war is warfare that is not restricted to purely legitimate military targets, and can result in massive civilian or other non-combatant suffering and casualties. Etymology The English word ''war'' derives from the 11th-century Old English words and , from Old French ( as in modern French), in turn from the Frankish , ultimately deriving from the Proto-Germanic language">Proto-Germanic . The word is related to the Old Saxon , Old High German , and the modern German , meaning . History Anthro ...
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