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Raza Point Score System
The Raza point score system is a method in Paralympic athletics field competitions for comparing throws or jumps by athletes of differing levels of disability. In events where athletes of multiple different classifications compete, performances are converted to point scores by a formula which accounts for the athletes' classifications. This means that a more disabled athlete may beat a less disabled competitor with a slightly shorter throw or jump. Formula The formula is a Gompertz function: Where is the performance in metres, and , , and are constants. , (the maximum possible score) is 1200 points in all cases, varies between events (with men's and women's events of the same discipline having different values), whilst differing values of distinguish the different classifications for each event. These constants are reviewed by the International Paralympic Committee annually. The constants are set such that the world's best athletes will achieve scores of around 1000 points. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paralympic Athletics
Para-athletics is the sport of athletics practised by people with a disability as a disabled sports, parasport. The list of athletics events, athletics events within the parasport are mostly the same as those available to able-bodied people, with two major exceptions in wheelchair racing and the club throw, which are specific to the division. The sport is known by various names, including disability athletics, disabled track and field and Paralympic athletics. Top-level competitors may be called elite athletes with disability. Competitors are typically organised into three broad categories: deaf sports, athletes with a physical disability, and athletes with an intellectual disability. Deaf athletes typically compete among themselves, while athletes with physical and intellectual disabilities are usually assessed and given a para-athletics classification, which groups together athletes with similar ability levels. These classifications are governed by the International Paralympi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Disability Sport Classification
Disability sports classification is a system that allows for fair competition between people with different types of disabilities. Historically, the process has been overseen by 2 groups: specific disability type sport organizations that cover multiple sports, and specific sport organizations that cover multiple disability types including amputations, cerebral palsy, deafness, intellectual impairments, les autres and short stature, vision impairments, spinal cord injuries, and other disabilities not covered by these groups. Within specific disability types, some of the major organizations have been: CPISRA for cerebral palsy and head injuries, ISMWSF for spinal cord injuries, ISOD for orthopaedic conditions and amputees, INAS for people with intellectual disabilities, and IBSA for blind and vision impaired athletes. Amputee sports classification is a disability specific sport classification used for disability sports to facilitate fair competition among people with different types ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gompertz Function
The Gompertz curve or Gompertz function is a type of mathematical model for a time series, named after Benjamin Gompertz (1779–1865). It is a sigmoid function which describes growth as being slowest at the start and end of a given time period. The right-side or future value asymptote of the function is approached much more gradually by the curve than the left-side or lower valued asymptote. This is in contrast to the simple logistic function in which both asymptotes are approached by the curve symmetrically. It is a special case of the generalised logistic function. The function was originally designed to describe human mortality, but since has been modified to be applied in biology, with regard to detailing populations. History Benjamin Gompertz (1779–1865) was an actuary in London who was privately educated. He was elected a fellow of the Royal Society in 1819. The function was first presented in his June 16, 1825 paper at the bottom of page 518. The Gompertz function r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Paralympic Committee
The International Paralympic Committee (IPC; german: Internationales Paralympisches Komitee) is an international non-profit organisation and the global governing body for the Paralympic Movement. The IPC organizes the Paralympic Games and functions as the international federation for nine sports. Founded on 22 September 1989 in Düsseldorf, West Germany, its mission is to "enable Paralympic athletes to achieve sporting excellence and inspire and excite the world". Furthermore, the IPC wants to promote the Paralympic values and to create sport opportunities for all persons with a disability, from beginner to elite level. The IPC has a democratic constitution and structure and is composed of representatives from 182 National Paralympic Committees (NPCs), four international organizations of sport for the disabled (IOSDs) and five regional organizations. The IPC's headquarters is located in Bonn, Germany. Overview On the basis of being able to organize the Paralympic Games more ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Athletics At The 2012 Summer Paralympics – Women's Discus Throw
The Women's discus throw athletics events for the 2012 Summer Paralympics took place at the London Olympic Stadium London Stadium (formerly and also known as Olympic Stadium and the Stadium at Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park) is a multi-purpose outdoor stadium at Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park in the Stratford, London, Stratford district of London. It is located ... from 31 August to 8 September. A total of 6 events were contested over this distance for 11 different classifications. Results F11/12 F35/36 F37 F40 F51/52/53 F57/58 References {{DEFAULTSORT:Athletics at the 2012 Summer Paralympics - Women's discus throw Athletics at the 2012 Summer Paralympics 2012 in women's athletics Women's sport in London ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wu Qing (athlete)
Wu Qing (; born March 25, 1988) is a Paralympic athlete from China competing in throwing events in the F36 cerebral palsy classification. , Wu holds F36 World Records for shot put, discus and javelin. Wu began competing in athletics in 2005. and made her international debut at the 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing, China. There she won gold medals in both the women's F35-38 javelin throw and the F35-36 discus throw event. She also finished second in the women's shot put - F35-36. At the 2012 Summer Paralympics in London, Wu competed in F35-F36 shot put and discus events. In the shot put event, she broke the World Record for her F36 classification; she was awarded bronze behind F35 competitors Mariia Pomazan and Wang Jun who broke the World Record for their own classification. In the discus throw, Wu set a new F36 world record to win the event. A scoring error saw Mariia Pomazan Mariia Pomazan (Ukrainian: Марія Олександрівна Помаза ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mariia Pomazan
Mariia Pomazan (Ukrainian: Марія Олександрівна Помазан; born 15 October 1988) is a Ukrainian Paralympic athlete. She competes in throwing events in the F35 classification for athletes with cerebral palsy. , she holds Women's F35 world records for shot put and discus. Pomazan started athletics at age 19 and made her international debut in 2010. At the 2011 IPC Athletics World Championships in Christchurch, she won two gold medals with F35 world record throws in both shot put and discus. She broke both these world records at the 2012 Summer Paralympics in London. In London, a miscalculation of the Raza Points System in the combined F35/F36 discus event caused extended confusion and protest. Pomazan was initially awarded the gold medal over world record breaking F36 athlete Wu Qing, then relegated to silver. One official described the situation as "a shambles." A second medal ceremony was held, which Pomazan refused to attend. Several days later she was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paralympic Games
The Paralympic Games or Paralympics, also known as the ''Games of the Paralympiad'', is a periodic series of international multisport events involving athletes with a range of physical disabilities, including impaired muscle power and impaired passive range of movement, limb deficiency, leg length difference, short stature, hypertonia, ataxia, athetosis, vision impairment and intellectual impairment. There are Winter and Summer Paralympic Games, which since the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea, are held almost immediately following the respective Olympic Games. All Paralympic Games are governed by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC). The Paralympics has grown from a small gathering of British World War II veterans in 1948 to become one of the largest international sporting events by the early 21st century. The Paralympics has grown from 400 athletes with a disability from 23 countries in Rome 1960, where they were proposed by doctor Antonio Maglio, to 4, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IPC Athletics World Championships
The World Para Athletics Championships, known as the IPC Athletics World Championships prior to 2017, are a biennial Paralympic athletics event organized by World Para Athletics, a subcommittee of the International Paralympic Committee (IPC). It features athletics events contested by athletes with physical and intellectual disabilities. The first IPC Athletics World Championships were held in Berlin, Germany in 1994. They are a Paralympic parallel to the World Athletics Championships for able-bodied athletes. Since 2011, when they switched from a quadrennial scheduling to biennial, the IPC championships have been held in the same years as the IAAF championships, although they are separate events and are not necessarily held in the same host city. In 2017, London, which previously hosted the 2012 Summer Paralympics, became the first city to host both the IAAF World Championships and World Para Athletics Championships in the same year and as connected events. , Championships * h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
UK Athletics
UK Athletics (UKA) is the governing body for the sport of athletics (sport), athletics in the United Kingdom. It is responsible for overseeing the governance of athletics events in the UK as well as athletes, their development, and athletics officials. The organisation outwardly rebranded itself as British Athletics in 2013, although it remains legally known as UK Athletics, and continues to use the UK Athletics name in internal governance. UK Athletics is structured as a non-profit company limited by guarantee. It has four member organisations from each of the Countries of the United Kingdom, constituent countries of the United Kingdom: England Athletics, Scottish Athletics, Welsh Athletics, and Athletics Northern Ireland. History UK Athletics was founded in 1999 as a successor to the British Athletics Federation, which had collapsed for financial reasons. Prominent among the reasons was the cost of the legal bills in the Diane Modahl contract dispute case. Former long dist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2012 Paralympics
The 2012 Summer Paralympics, branded as the London 2012 Paralympic Games, were an international multi-sport parasports event held from 29 August to 9 September 2012 in London, England, United Kingdom. They were the 14th Summer Paralympic Games as organised by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC). They were the first Summer Paralympics to be hosted by London, and the first hosted solely by Great Britain; the English village of Stoke Mandeville co-hosted the 1984 Games with Long Island, New York after its original host, the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, withdrew due to financial issues. In 1948, the village hosted the Stoke Mandeville Games—the first organised sporting event for athletes with disabilities, and a precursor to the modern Paralympic Games—to coincide with the opening of the 1948 Olympics in London. Organisers expected the Games to be the first Paralympics to achieve mass-market appeal, fuelled by continued enthusiasm over Great Brita ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2016 Paralympic Games
) , nations = 159 , athletes = 4,342 , opening = 7 September , closing = 18 September , opened_by = President Michel Temer , cauldron = Clodoaldo Silva , events = 528 in 22 sports , stadium = Maracanã , summer_prev = London 2012 , summer_next = Tokyo 2020 , winter_prev = Sochi 2014 , winter_next = Pyeongchang 2018 The 2016 Summer Paralympics (), the 15th Summer Paralympic Games, were a major international multi-sport event for athletes with disabilities governed by the International Paralympic Committee, held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 7 to 18 September 2016. The Games marked the first time a Latin American and South American city hosted the event, the second Southern Hemisphere city and nation, the first one being the 2000 Summer Paralympics in Sydney, and also the first time a Lusophone (Portuguese-speaking) country hosted the event. These Games saw the introduction of two new sports to the Paralympic program: canoeing and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
