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Rafael Ninyoles I Monllor
Rafael Lluís Ninyoles i Monllor (1943 – 25 October 2019) was a Spanish sociolinguist, considered one of the parents of Catalan sociolinguistics along with Lluís Vicent Aracil i Boned. He was born in Valencia. He took secondary studies in a Jesuit school, where he met Alfons Cucó, Eliseu Climent and Lluís Vicent Aracil. Afterwards, he graduated in sociolinguistics at Universitat de València and then he travelled to the United States of America in 1967. Later on, he became Sociology professor in the Faculty of Economic Sciences of Valencia, and he worked as expert in Diputació de València and Generalitat Valenciana. Jointly with Aracil, he questioned bilingualism and introduced the concept of diglossia for defining the situation of Catalan language speakers. He collaborated in several journals and magazines such as ''Serra d'Or, Gorg, Cuadernos para el Diálogo'' or ''El País ''El País'' (; ) is a Spanish-language daily newspaper in Spain. ''El País'' is based ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catalan Language
Catalan (; autonym: , ), known in the Valencian Community and Carche as ''Valencian'' (autonym: ), is a Western Romance language. It is the official language of Andorra, and an official language of three autonomous communities in eastern Spain: Catalonia, the Valencian Community, and the Balearic Islands. It also has semi-official status in the Italian comune of Alghero. It is also spoken in the Pyrénées-Orientales department of France and in two further areas in eastern Spain: the eastern strip of Aragon and the Carche area in the Region of Murcia. The Catalan-speaking territories are often called the or "Catalan Countries". The language evolved from Vulgar Latin in the Middle Ages around the eastern Pyrenees. Nineteenth-century Spain saw a Catalan literary revival, culminating in the early 1900s. Etymology and pronunciation The word ''Catalan'' is derived from the territorial name of Catalonia, itself of disputed etymology. The main theory suggests that (Latin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bilingualism
Multilingualism is the use of more than one language, either by an individual speaker or by a group of speakers. It is believed that multilingual speakers outnumber monolingual speakers in the world's population. More than half of all Europeans claim to speak at least one language other than their mother tongue; but many read and write in one language. Multilingualism is advantageous for people wanting to participate in trade, globalization and cultural openness. Owing to the ease of access to information facilitated by the Internet, individuals' exposure to multiple languages has become increasingly possible. People who speak several languages are also called polyglots. Multilingual speakers have acquired and maintained at least one language during childhood, the so-called first language (L1). The first language (sometimes also referred to as the mother tongue) is usually acquired without formal education, by mechanisms about which scholars disagree. Children acquirin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2019 Deaths
This is a list of deaths of notable people, organised by year. New deaths articles are added to their respective month (e.g., Deaths in ) and then linked here. 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 See also * Lists of deaths by day The following pages, corresponding to the Gregorian calendar, list the historical events, births, deaths, and holidays and observances of the specified day of the year: Footnotes See also * Leap year * List of calendars * List of non-standard ... * Deaths by year {{DEFAULTSORT:deaths by year ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1943 Births
Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 – WWII: The Soviet Union announces that 22 German divisions have been encircled at Stalingrad, with 175,000 killed and 137,650 captured. * January 4 – WWII: Greek-Polish athlete and saboteur Jerzy Iwanow-Szajnowicz is executed by the Germans at Kaisariani. * January 11 ** The United States and United Kingdom revise previously unequal treaty relationships with the Republic of China (1912–1949), Republic of China. ** Italian-American anarchist Carlo Tresca is assassinated in New York City. * January 13 – Anti-Nazi protests in Sofia result in 200 arrests and 36 executions. * January 14 – January 24, 24 – WWII: Casablanca Conference: Franklin D. Roosevelt, President of the United States; Winston Churchill, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom; and Generals Charles de Gaulle and Henri Giraud of the Free French forces meet secretly at the Anfa Hotel in Casablanca, Morocco, to plan the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
El País
''El País'' (; ) is a Spanish-language daily newspaper in Spain. ''El País'' is based in the capital city of Madrid and it is owned by the Spanish media conglomerate PRISA. It is the second most circulated daily newspaper in Spain . ''El País'' is the most read newspaper in Spanish online and one of the Madrid dailies considered to be a national newspaper of record for Spain (along with '' El Mundo'' and ''ABC)''. In 2018, its number of daily sales were 138,000. Its headquarters and central editorial staff are located in Madrid, although there are regional offices in the principal Spanish cities (Barcelona, Seville, Valencia, Bilbao, and Santiago de Compostela) where regional editions were produced until 2015. ''El País'' also produces a world edition in Madrid that is available online in English and in Spanish (Latin America). History ''El País'' was founded in May 1976 by a team at PRISA which included Jesus de Polanco, José Ortega Spottorno and Carlos Mendo. The p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cuadernos Para El Diálogo
''Cuadernos para el Diálogo'' was a Spanish monthly cultural magazine published between 1963 and 1978 in Madrid, Spain. History and profile ''Cuadernos'' was established in October 1963 by Joaquín Ruiz-Giménez, a former minister of education under Franco. It was the first current affairs magazine of Spain. During its initial phase ''Cuadernos'' had a Christian democratic political leaning. However, over time it had more democratic and less Christian stance. Then it supported center-left trends and later, it became a socialist publication. Spanish journalists who favored pluralism in the country contributed to ''Cuadernos''. In the words of Paul Preston, the magazine was, together with '' Triunfo'', one of two "champions of democratic ideals". During the transition to democracy it was one of the major publications focusing on the need for democratic reforms. ''Cuadernos'' ceased publication at the end of 1978. See also * List of magazines in Spain Magazines in Spain are v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Serra D'Or
''Serra d'Or'' () is a Catalan magazine that appeared in October 1959. It was promoted by a group of university students, and was published by the Montserrat abbey press, with a monthly circulation of 8.000 copies. Origins The origins of the magazine can be traced in 1946. During the Virgin of Montserrat coronation festivities in 1947, even though the conditions were difficult, there was a meeting between Catalan intellectuals and the Benedictine monks of the Montserrat abbey. In that moment there were two publications that were sponsored by the Montserrat abbey, and that have been born separately: ''Germinàbit'', which was a magazine for the old singers of the abbey's choir, and ''Serra d'Or'', which was the magazine for the abbey's workers. At the end of 1959, the two magazines were merged into one. The ''Germinàbit'' staff (Enric Bastardes and Max Cahner, that had entered due to Josep Benet) became part then of the one of Serra d'Or. This is why the magazine said "2nd perio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diglossia
In linguistics, diglossia () is a situation in which two dialects or languages are used (in fairly strict compartmentalization) by a single language community. In addition to the community's everyday or vernacular language variety (labeled "L" or "low" variety), a second, highly codified lect (labeled "H" or "high") is used in certain situations such as literature, formal education, or other specific settings, but not used normally for ordinary conversation. In most cases, the H variety has no native speakers but various degrees of fluency of the low speakers. In cases of three dialects, the term triglossia is used. When referring to two writing systems coexisting for a single language, the term digraphia is used. The high variety may be an older stage of the same language (as in medieval Europe, where Latin (H) remained in formal use even as colloquial speech (L) diverged), an unrelated language, or a distinct yet closely related present-day dialect (as in northern India a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Generalitat Valenciana
The Generalitat Valenciana is the generic name covering the different self-government institutions under which the Spanish autonomous community of Valencia is politically organized. It consists of seven institutions including the ''Corts Valencianes'' (or autonomous Parliament), the President of the Generalitat, or the autonomous government itself (or ''Consell''). Its functions are regulated by the Valencian Statute of Autonomy. Despite being also present in various cities of the Valencian Community, the main locations of the autonomous Parliament, presidency of the Generalitat and the ''Consell'' are all in the city of Valencia. There is also an office in Brussels appointed by the Generalitat Valenciana lobbying before the European Union. President of the Generalitat The current President of the Generalitat Valenciana is Ximo Puig of the Socialist Party of the Valencian Community (PSPV-PSOE), who was born in Morella (in Els Ports, province of Castellón). He assumed the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sociolinguistics
Sociolinguistics is the descriptive study of the effect of any or all aspects of society, including cultural norms, expectations, and context, on the way language is used, and society's effect on language. It can overlap with the sociology of language, which focuses on the effect of language on society. Sociolinguistics overlaps considerably with pragmatics and is closely related to linguistic anthropology. Sociolinguistics' historical interrelation with anthropology can be observed in studies of how language varieties differ between groups separated by social variables (e.g., ethnicity, religion, status, gender, level of education, age, etc.) and/or geographical barriers (a mountain range, a desert, a river, etc.). Such studies also examine how such differences in usage and differences in beliefs about usage produce and reflect social or socioeconomic classes. As the usage of a language varies from place to place, language usage also varies among social classes, and it is t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
