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Pukaki Lagoon
Pukaki Lagoon, located in the suburb of Māngere, New Zealand, is one of the volcanoes in the Auckland volcanic field. The lagoon, alongside Māngere Lagoon, Waitomokia, Crater Hill, Kohuora and Robertson Hill, is one of the volcanic features collectively referred to as Nga Tapuwae a Mataoho ("The Sacred Footprints of Mataoho"), referring to the deity in Tāmaki Māori myths who was involved in their creation. Pukaki Lagoon has a 600 m wide explosion crater, with a surrounding tuff ring. After an eruption about 65,000 yrs ago the crater filled with freshwater and became a lake. It was breached by the sea as sea-levels rose after the end of the last ice age about 8,000 yrs ago and became a tidal lagoon. This was dammed and drained and used as a speedway from 1929 into the 1930s (Henning's Speedway). It is now farmland. References *''City of Volcanoes: A geology of Auckland'' - Searle, Ernest J.; revised by Mayhill, R.D.; Longman Paul, 1981. First published 1964. . *''Volcano ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pukaki Crater Panorama Auckland
Pukaki was an 18th-century chief of the Te Arawa, Arawa iwi of New Zealand. His portrait appears on the New Zealand 20 cent coin minted from 1990 to 2008. The name has been used for several New Zealand items: *Pukaki, one of the volcanic cones of the Auckland volcanic field *Lake Pukaki, a lake in Canterbury, New Zealand *Pukaki River, a river in Canterbury *''HMNZS Pukaki'', the name used by three ships of the Royal New Zealand Navy {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Māngere
Māngere () or Mangere is one of the largest suburbs in Auckland, in northern New Zealand. It is located on mainly flat land on the northeastern shore of the Manukau Harbour, to the northwest of Manukau City Centre and 15 kilometres south of the Auckland city centre. It is the location of Auckland Airport, which lies close to the harbour's edge to the south of the suburb. Māngere has three major sub-areas: Māngere Bridge, Māngere Central, and Māngere East, with Favona (in the east) sometimes counted as part of Māngere as well. The suburb is named after Māngere Mountain, one of Auckland's largest volcanic cones. The cone's name comes from the Māori phrase ''hau māngere'', meaning "lazy winds", after the shelter the mountain provides from the prevailing westerly wind. In 2019, the name of the suburb was officially gazetted as Māngere. Demographics Māngere covers and had an estimated population of as of with a population density of people per km2. Māngere had ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Auckland Volcanic Field
The Auckland volcanic field is an area of monogenetic volcanoes covered by much of the metropolitan area of Auckland, New Zealand's largest city, located in the North Island. The approximately 53 volcanoes in the field have produced a diverse array of maars (explosion craters), tuff rings, scoria cones, and lava flows. With the exception of Rangitoto, no volcano has erupted more than once, but the other eruptions lasted for various periods ranging from a few weeks to several years. Rangitoto erupted several times and recently twice; in an eruption that occurred about 600 years ago, followed by a second eruption approximately 50 years later. The field is fuelled entirely by basaltic magma, unlike the explosive subduction-driven volcanism in the central North Island, such as at Mount Ruapehu and Lake Taupō.Ian E.M. Smith and Sharon R. Allen. Auckland volcanic field geology'. Volcanic Hazards Working Group, Civil Defence Scientific Advisory Committee. Retrieved 30 March 2013. Also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Māngere Lagoon
Māngere Lagoon is a lagoon in the Manukau Harbour, New Zealand. It occupies a volcanic crater or maar which is part of the Auckland volcanic field. Oval and about 600m long, it has a small restored scoria island remaining in the centre. The lagoon, alongside Waitomokia, Crater Hill, Kohuora, Pukaki Lagoon and Robertson Hill, is one of the volcanic features collectively referred to as Nga Tapuwae a Mataoho ("The Sacred Footprints of Mataoho"), referring to the deity in Tāmaki Māori myths who was involved in their creation. In the 1930s efforts were made to drain the swamp for conversion to pasture, while in the late 1950s, earthworks for sewage sludge ponds in the lagoon removed the scoria cone and the crater was divided into ponds.''Māngere Lagoon'' - ''City of Fire'', insert magazine in ''The New Zealand Herald'', Friday 15 February 2008 Public demand for a better sewage treatment system eventually led to a land-based facility, and in 2003, the restoration of the area to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Waitomokia
Waitomokia (also Moerangi, Gabriel Hill or Mount Gabriel) is a volcano in the Auckland volcanic field. Waitomokia's wide tuff crater contained three small scoria cones up to high, one with a crater, which were quarried in the 1950s. Geology The volcano erupted an estimated 20,300 years ago, based on volcanic ash samples found at Pūkaki Lagoon. The volcano consisted of an elliptical explosion crater, with three small cones surrounded by a 15-25 metre tuff ring. The cones, each approximately 30 metres in height, were produced by explosive eruptions from three vents in the centre of the crater. The two eastern cones were conical, while the south-western peak was a spatter cone with an 18-metre deep crater. After the initial eruptions, the crater formed a freshwater swamp. Human history The crater lake and swamp were given the name Waitomokia ("Water Seeping into the Ground") by Tāmaki Māori, while three cones were called Moerangi. The volcano, alongside Māngere Lagoon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crater Hill
Crater Hill is one of the volcanoes of the Auckland volcanic field, in New Zealand. It consists of an explosion crater about wide, partly filled with water. The hill, alongside Māngere Lagoon, Waitomokia, Kohuora, Pukaki Lagoon and Robertson Hill, is one of the volcanic features collectively referred to as Nga Tapuwae a Mataoho ("The Sacred Footprints of Mataoho"), referring to the deity in Tāmaki Māori myths who was involved in their creation. Late in the eruption sequence lava welled up inside the explosion crater creating a lava lake. This lake began cooling on the surface and around the edge, creating a solid basalt crust. When the molten lava withdrew back down the volcano's throat, the crust surface collapsed, creating the island in the middle of the present lake, and some of the solid basalt was left around the inside walls of the crater marking the former level of the lava lake. Two lava caves – Selfs and Underground Press Lava Caves – exist beneath the remnant c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kohuora
Kohuora, located in the suburb of Papatoetoe, is one of the volcanoes in the Auckland volcanic field in the North Island of New Zealand. It has an explosion crater around 600 m wide, 30 m deep and with an irregular V-shape indicating it was formed by at least three explosion crater vents. The crater is surrounded on most sides by a 30 m high tuff ring/cone. The volcano, alongside Māngere Lagoon, Waitomokia, Crater Hill, Pukaki Lagoon and Robertson Hill, is one of the volcanic features collectively referred to as Nga Tapuwae a Mataoho ("The Sacred Footprints of Mataoho"), referring to the deity in Tāmaki Māori Tāmaki Māori are Māori ''iwi'' and ''hapū'' (tribes and sub-tribes) who have a strong connection to Tāmaki Makaurau (the Auckland Region), and whose rohe was traditionally within the region. Among Ngā Mana Whenua o Tāmaki Makaurau (the M ... myths who was involved in their creation. References Bibliography *''City of Volcanoes: A geology of Auckland'' - Se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robertson Hill
Robertson Hill (also Sturges Park, Mount Robertson or Te Tapuwae a Mataoho) is one of the volcanoes in the Auckland volcanic field in New Zealand. It erupted approximately 24,300 years ago. The hill, alongside Māngere Lagoon, Waitomokia, Crater Hill, Kohuora and Pukaki Lagoon, is one of the volcanic features collectively referred to as Nga Tapuwae a Mataoho ("The Sacred Footprints of Mataoho"), referring to the deity in Tāmaki Māori myths who was involved in their creation. Its scoria cone reaches 78 metres above sea level (around 28 m above the surrounding land). The cone sits in the centre of a large explosion (maar) crater with the tuff ring arc still present around the south and east sides. In the 20th century, the scoria cone crater was reshaped into a sports oval with terraced seating, and is the home ground of Otahuhu RFC Ōtāhuhu Rugby Football Club is a rugby union club based in Auckland, New Zealand. The club was established in 1926 and is affiliated with the Auc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mataoho
Mataaho (also known as Mataaoho and Mataoho) is a Māori deity. Variously considered a god of earthquakes and eruptions, the guardian of the earth's secrets, the god of volcanic forces, or a giant, Mataaho is associated with many of the volcanic features in the Tāmaki Makaurau Region (Auckland Region). In traditional Tāmaki Māori myths, Mataaho either creates the volcanic features of the landscape, or requests the gods to create them. Mataaho holds traditional significance for Te Kawerau ā Maki and Waiohua iwi, and is considered a tupuna (ancestor) of Te Ākitai Waiohua iwi. Myths Myths of Mataaho are closely associated with many of the features of the Auckland volcanic field. The features were the creation of Mataaho and his brother Rūaumoko (the god of earthquakes and volcanoes), made as punishment against a tribe of patupaiarehe, supernatural beings living in the Waitākere Ranges, who used deadly magic from the earth to defeat a war party of patupaiarehe from the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tāmaki Māori
Tāmaki Māori are Māori ''iwi'' and ''hapū'' (tribes and sub-tribes) who have a strong connection to Tāmaki Makaurau (the Auckland Region), and whose rohe was traditionally within the region. Among Ngā Mana Whenua o Tāmaki Makaurau (the Māori tribes of Auckland), also known as the Tāmaki Collective, there are thirteen iwi and hapū, organised into three rōpū (collectives), however Tāmaki Māori can also refer to subtribes and historical iwi not included in this list. Ngāti Whātua Rōpū Ngāti Whātua descend from the '' Māhuhu-ki-te-rangi'' waka, which landed north of the Kaipara Harbour. The rōpū includes Ngāti Whātua o Kaipara, Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei and Te Rūnanga o Ngāti Whātua. Te Rūnanga o Ngāti Whātua is a Māori Trust Board formed in the mid 2000s to represent the interests of Ngāti Whātua iwi and hapū collectively, including those outside of Ngāti Whātua o Kaipara and Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei. The rūnanga represents Ngā Oho, Ngāi Tāh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Auckland War Memorial Museum
The Auckland War Memorial Museum Tāmaki Paenga Hira (or simply the Auckland Museum) is one of New Zealand's most important museums and war memorials. Its collections concentrate on New Zealand history (and especially the history of the Auckland Region), natural history, and military history. The present museum building was constructed in the 1920s in the neo-classicist style, and sits on a grassed plinth (the remains of a dormant volcano) in the Auckland Domain, a large public park close to the Auckland CBD. Auckland Museum's collections and exhibits began in 1852. In 1867 Aucklanders formed a learned society – the Auckland Philosophical Society, later the Auckland Institute. Within a few years the society merged with the museum and '' Auckland Institute and Museum'' was the organisation's name until 1996. Auckland War Memorial Museum was the name of the new building opened in 1929, but since 1996 was more commonly used for the institution as well. From 1991 to 2003 the muse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Explosion Crater
An explosion crater is a type of wikt:crater, crater formed when material is ejected from the surface of the ground by an explosive event at or immediately above or below the surface. A crater is formed by an explosive event through the displacement and ejection of material from the ground. It is typically bowl-shaped. High-pressure gas and shock waves cause three processes responsible for the creation of the crater: * Plastic deformation of the ground. * Projection of material (ejecta) from the ground by the explosion. * Spallation of the ground surface. Two processes partially fill the crater back in: * Fall-back of ejecta. * Erosion and landslides of the crater lip and wall.P. W. Cooper. ''Explosives Engineering''. Wiley-VCH. The relative importance of the five processes varies, depending on the height above or depth below the ground surface at which the explosion occurs and on the composition of the ground. Examples One of the largest explosion craters in Germany is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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